{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:03:38Z","timestamp":1791590618449,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk A\/S","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Risk of non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) following exposure to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in people with type 2 diabetes and\/or obesity remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate NAION incidence across randomised placebo-controlled trials evaluating the GLP-1RAs liraglutide and semaglutide.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pooled safety evaluation of NAION incidence from completed phase II, III and IV randomised placebo-controlled trials that evaluated the six Novo Nordisk-manufactured GLP-1RA products (active ingredients: liraglutide and semaglutide) in people with type 2 diabetes and\/or overweight\/obesity. Potential NAION cases were identified and categorised based on the likelihood of NAION occurrence (definite, probable, unlikely or not assessable). Definite or probable NAION cases were considered confirmed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This pooled analysis included 96\u2009829 participants (GLP-1RA-treated: n=64\u2009917; placebo-treated: n=31\u2009912) with 205\u2009777 participant-years of observation (PYO) (GLP-1RA-treated: 119\u2009393 PYO; placebo-treated: 86\u2009384 PYO). Across all trials, three confirmed NAION cases were identified in three GLP-1RA-treated participants and five confirmed cases were identified in four placebo-treated participants. In GLP-1RA-treated participants, the incidence of confirmed NAION cases was approximately three cases per 100\u2009000 PYO, while in placebo-treated participants, the incidence was approximately six cases per 100\u2009000 PYO. All ophthalmologist-confirmed cases reported one or more associated risk factors (eg, age &gt;50 years, obesity, smoking, dyslipidaemia, hypertension).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from randomised placebo-controlled trials with semaglutide and liraglutide do not show an increased incidence of NAION in participants receiving GLP-1RA treatment versus those receiving placebo and, thus, do not suggest a relationship between GLP-1RA use and NAION.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on data from randomised placebo-controlled trials, exposure to the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) semaglutide and liraglutide was not associated with an increased incidence of non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) relative to placebo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2025-328729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:20:19Z","timestamp":1777378819000},"page":"bjo-2025-328729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy incidence in placebo-controlled clinical trials of liraglutide or semaglutide"],"prefix":"10.1136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0456-6787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tina","family":"Vilsb\u00f8ll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dikshit","family":"Arun Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo 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