{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:27:33Z","timestamp":1792787253801,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","funder":[{"name":"State Scholarship Fund from China Scholarship Council","award":["202308110045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202308110045"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04atp4p48","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Ophthalmol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop and validate a nomogram predicting the risk of implant exposure in patients receiving vicryl-meshed hydroxyapatite (HA) orbital implants following enucleation or evisceration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective study at the University Hospital of Cologne, which included 336 patients with primary vicryl-meshed HA implants. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified independent risk factors for implant exposure. A nomogram was constructed, and its performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Independent risk factors for implant exposure included previous ocular trauma (OR 2.08; 95%\u2009CI 1.01 to 4.31; p=0.048), diabetes mellitus (OR 4.17; 95%\u2009CI 1.81 to 9.63; p&lt;0.001), autoimmune disease (OR 4.69; 95%\u2009CI 1.15 to 19.09; p=0.031), chemotherapy or radiotherapy (OR 4.25; 95%\u2009CI 1.09 to 16.58; p=0.037), hormone therapy (OR 2.35; 95%\u2009CI 1.04 to 5.30; p=0.039) and previous ocular surgery (OR 2.65; 95%\u2009CI 1.33 to 5.27; p=0.005). The nomogram demonstrated moderate discriminative ability (AUC 0.725 for both training and validation sets) and good calibration, with potential clinical utility supported by DCA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This nomogram provides a practical tool for identifying patients at higher risk of exposure following vicryl-meshed HA implantation and may inform individualised preventive strategies. As this is a single-centre study, its applicability is currently limited to this implant type and wrapping technique, and external validation in other centres and populations is needed to confirm its generalisability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo-2025-328883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T17:20:18Z","timestamp":1775582418000},"page":"1209-1215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nomogram for predicting implant exposure risk following enucleation or evisceration with vicryl-meshed hydroxyapatite implants"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3328-4647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minghui","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, 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