{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T12:35:08Z","timestamp":1770986108192,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":202,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1941,5,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.25.5.189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T21:53:19Z","timestamp":1190152399000},"page":"189-229","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["THE MEASUREMENT OF HETEROPHORIA"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Cridland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"656","article-title":"Amner","author":"A.B.R.A.H.A.M.","year":"1931","unstructured":"ABRAHAM (1931a).-Amner.Jl. Ophthal., Vol. XIV, p. 656.","journal-title":"Jl. Ophthal., Vol. XIV"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"766","volume":"V,","author":"ABRAHAM (1931b). Arch. of Opjhthal., N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"ABRAHAM (1931b).-Arch. of Opjhthal., N.Y., Vol. V, p. 766."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"511","article-title":"AIR PUBLICATION 130 (1936).-'","author":"AIKEN (1894). Med. Rec., N. Y., Xol","unstructured":"AIKEN (1894).-Med. Rec., N.Y., Xol. XLVI, p. 511. AIR PUBLICATION 130 (1936).-' Medical Examination for Fitness for Flying,","journal-title":"XLVI"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"36","volume":"XIV,","author":"APPLEMAN (1931). Amner. Ji. O, bhthal., Vol","unstructured":"APPLEMAN (1931).-Amner. Ji. O,bhthal., Vol. XIV, p. 36."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"5","author":"B.A.I.I.E.Y.","year":"1934","unstructured":"BAIIEY (1934).-Ann. Opjhthal., Vol. XlIl, p. 5C9.","journal-title":"Ann. Opjhthal., Vol. XlIl"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"57","article-title":"Zentralbl. ges","author":"B.A.L.D.I.N.O.","year":"1920","unstructured":"BALDINO (1920).-Arch. Ottal., Vol. XXVII, p. 57. (Abstract, 1921).-Zentralbl. ges. Ofihthal., Vol. IV, p. 70.","journal-title":"Arch. Ottal., Vol. XXVII"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"866","volume-title":"American encyclopedia and dictionary of opbtbalmology, Vol. II","author":"B.A.L.L.","year":"1913","unstructured":"BALL (1913).-American encyclopedia and dictionary of opbtbalmology, Vol. II, p. 866."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"165","author":"B.A.L.T.","year":"1914","unstructured":"BALT.ANTYNE (1914).-Oihthal. Rev, Vol. XXXIII, p. 165.","journal-title":"ANTYNE"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"321","author":"B.A.L.T.","year":"1922","unstructured":"BALT.ANTYNE (1922).-Glasgow Med. JI., Vol. XCVII, p. 321.","journal-title":"ANTYNE"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"17","volume":"VII,","author":"BANISTER (1898). Ann. Ophthal., Vol","unstructured":"BANISTER (1898).-Ann. Ophthal., Vol. VII, p. 17."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"131","volume":"Vol. I,","author":"B.A.R.Z.F.T.T.","year":"1921","unstructured":"BARZFTT (1921).-Med. Ji. Aust., Vol. I, p. 131.","journal-title":"Med. Ji. Aust"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"278","volume":"1921","author":"Reprint","unstructured":"(Reprint, 1921) -Med. Prac., vol. CXI,p. 278.","journal-title":"Prac"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"101","author":"B.A.I.R.T.E.L.S.","year":"1908","unstructured":"BAIRTELS (1908).-Zeitschr. Augenheilk., Vol. XIX, p. 101.","journal-title":"Zeitschr. Augenheilk., Vol. XIX"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"722","article-title":"Opl thalmoscope, Vol","volume":"Vol.","author":"Abstract, 1908","year":"(18)4).","unstructured":"(Abstract, 1908).-Opl thalmoscope, Vol. VI, p. 722. B3AXTER (18)4).-Arch. Ofihthal. N.Y., Vol. XXIII, p.:8.","journal-title":"Arch. Ofihthal. N. Y"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"130","volume":"VII,","author":"Rec., Ophthal; Vol","unstructured":"-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. VII, p. 130."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"1013","volume":"XV,","author":"BEISBARTH (1932). Ainer. Ji. Ophthal., Vol","unstructured":"BEISBARTH (1932).-Ainer. Ji. Ophthal., Vol. XV, p. 1013."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"578","author":"B.E.N.J.A.M.I.N.","year":"1928","unstructured":"BENJAMIN (1928).-Nav. Med. Bull. Wash., Vol. XXVI, p. 578.","journal-title":"Nav. Med. Bull. Wash., Vol. XXVI"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"661","volume":"XIX","author":"BERENS (1935). Brit. Ji. Ophthal., . Vol","year":"1871","unstructured":"BERENS (1935).-Brit. Ji. Ophthal.,.Vol. XIX, p. 661. BERENS, LOSEY, and HARDY (1927).-A mer, JI. Ofhthal., Vol. X, p. 910. 13ERLIN (1871).-Klin. Monatsbl.f. Augenheilk., Vol. IX, p. 34.","journal-title":"Klin. Monatsbl.f. Augenheilk., Vol. IX"},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"233","author":"Abstract, 1871). Ann. d'ocul. Paris, Vol","unstructured":"(Abstract, 1871).-Ann. d'ocul. Paris, Vol. LXVIII, p. 233.","journal-title":"LXVIII"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"233","volume":"5","author":"gin, BERRY (1890). Rev.","unstructured":"BERRY (1890).-Rev. gin. d'o5htal., Vol. LXVIII, p 233."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"399","author":"B.E.R.R.Y.","year":"1912","unstructured":"BERRY (1912).-Edin. Med. Jl., Vol. IX, p. 399. 1EYNE (1932).-Arch. OPhtal. Paris, Vol. XLIX, p. 379.","journal-title":"Edin. Med. Jl., Vol. IX"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"315","author":"B.I.C.H.E.L.O.N.N.E.","year":"1923","unstructured":"BICHELONNE (1923).-Arch. Med. Pharm. Milit., Vol. LXXVIII, p. 315.","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Pharm. Milit., Vol. LXXVIII"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"772","author":"B.I.E.L.S.C.H.O.W.S.K.Y.","year":"1911","unstructured":"BIELSCHOWSKY (1911).-Klin. Monatsbl. f. Augenheilk., Vol. XLIX, p. 772.","journal-title":"Klin. Monatsbl. f. Augenheilk., Vol. XLIX"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"388","volume":"VIII,","author":"Abstract, 1911-12). Ophthalmology, Vol","unstructured":"(Abstract, 1911-12).-Ophthalmology, Vol. VIII, p. 388."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"805","volume":"XII,","author":"Y., Arch Ophthal N.; Vol","unstructured":"-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XII, p. 805."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"569","volume":"XIII,","author":"Y., Arch Ophthal N.; Vol","unstructured":"--Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XIII, p. 569."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"589","volume":"XV,","author":"Y., Arch Ophthal N.; Vol","unstructured":"-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XV, p. 589."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"843","volume":"XXI","author":"Ophthal., Amer Ji; Vol","unstructured":"-Amer. Ji. Ophthal., Vol. XXI, pp. 843, 1129, 1219, 1329."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"127","author":"B.I.S.S.E.L.L.","year":"1892","unstructured":"BISSELL (1892).-Jl. Ophthal. Oto. Laryng., Vol. IV, p. 127.","journal-title":"Jl. Ophthal. Oto. Laryng., Vol. IV"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"312","author":"B.J.E.R.K.E.","year":"1909","unstructured":"BJERKE (1909).-Arch. d'ofhtal. Paris, Vol. XII, p. 312.","journal-title":"Arch. d'ofhtal. Paris, Vol. XII"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"518","article-title":"Von Graefe's Arch","author":"B.J.E.R.K.E.","year":"1910","unstructured":"BJERKE (1910).-Von Graefe's Arch. Ophthal., Vol. LXXVII, p. 518.","journal-title":"Ophthal., Vol. LXXVII"},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"161","article-title":"Brit. It","author":"B.R.A.I.L.E.Y.","year":"1919","unstructured":"BRAILEY (1919a).-Brit. It. Ophthal., Vol. III, p. 161.","journal-title":"Ophthal., Vol. III"},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"41","volume":"XXXIX,","author":"BRAILEY (1919b). Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U. K., Vol","unstructured":"BRAILEY (1919b).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. XXXIX, p. 41."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"175","volume":"V,","author":"R, BROOME (1919). Ji.","unstructured":"BROOME (1919).-Ji. R. Nav. Med. Serv., Vol. V, p. 175.","journal-title":"Nav. Med. Serv., Vol"},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"12","author":"B.R.O.U.G.H.T.O.N.","year":"1902","unstructured":"BROUGHTON (1902).-Ann. Ophthal., Vol. XI, p. 12.","journal-title":"Ann. Ophthal., Vol. XI"},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"84","article-title":"XXII, p, 36. BUMSTEAD (1892)","volume":"I,","author":"Abstract, 1903). Rev. gin. Ophtal. Paris, Vol","unstructured":"(Abstract, 1903).-Rev. gin. Ophtal. Paris, Vol. XXII, p, 36. BUMSTEAD (1892).-Ann. Ophthal. Vol. I, p. 84.","journal-title":"Ann. Ophthal. Vol"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"312","volume":"CVIII,","author":"Abstract, 1892). Ann. d'ocul. Paris, Vol","unstructured":"(Abstract, 1892).-Ann. d'ocul. Paris, Vol. CVIII, p. 312."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"486","volume":"XXI,","author":"BURIAN (1939). Arch. Ophthal. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"BURIAN (1939).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XXI, p. 486."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"529","author":"C.A.M.P.O.S.","year":"1911","unstructured":"CAMPOS (1911).-Rev. gen. Ophtal. Paris, Vol. XXX, p. 529.","journal-title":"Rev. gen. Ophtal. Paris, Vol. XXX"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"686","article-title":"Prac","author":"C.A.N.T.O.N.N.E.T.","year":"1917","unstructured":"CANTONNET (1917).-Prac. Megl., Vol. XXV, p. 686.","journal-title":"Megl., Vol. XXV"},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"155","author":"C.A.N.T.O.N.N.E.T.","year":"1918","unstructured":"CANTONNET (1918a).-Arch. Ophtal. Paris, Vol. XXXVJ, p. 155.","journal-title":"Arch. Ophtal. Paris, Vol. XXXVJ"},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"305","author":"C.A.N.T.O.N.N.E.T.","year":"1918","unstructured":"CANTONNET (1918b).-Med. Prac., Vol. CVI, p. 305.","journal-title":"Med. Prac., Vol. CVI"},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"705","author":"C.A.N.T.O.N.N.E.T.","year":"1919","unstructured":"CANTONNET (1919).-Arch. Ophtal. Paris, Vol. XXXVI, p. 705.","journal-title":"Arch. Ophtal. Paris, Vol. XXXVI"},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"123","volume":"Vol.","author":"C.A.N.T.O.N.N.E.T.","year":"1930","unstructured":"CANTONNET (1930).-Prat. Med. fran9., Vol. XI, p. 123.","journal-title":"Prat. Med. fran9"},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"262","article-title":"Worth's \"Squint,' London","author":"C.H.A.V.A.S.S.E.","year":"1939","unstructured":"CHAVASSE (1939).-Worth's \"Squint,' London. CHENOWETH (1933).-Jl. Iowa. St. Med. Soc., Vol. XXIII, p. 262.","journal-title":"CHENOWETH"},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"574","volume":"X,","author":"C.L.A.R.K.","year":"1927","unstructured":"CLARK (1927).-Amer.Jl. Ophthal., Vol. X, p. 574.","journal-title":"Amer. Jl. Ophthal., Vol"},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"350","author":"C.L.E.M.E.N.T.S.","year":"1924","unstructured":"CLEMENTS (1924).-Nav. Med. Bull. Wash., Vol. XX, p. 350.","journal-title":"Nav. Med. Bull. Wash., Vol. XX"},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"15","author":"C.L.E.M.E.N.T.S.","year":"1926","unstructured":"CLEMENTS (1926).-Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., Vol. XIX, p. 15.","journal-title":"Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., Vol. XIX"},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"594","volume":"X,","author":"C.O.O.K.E.","year":"1901","unstructured":"COOKE (1901).-Ann. Ophthal., Vol. X, p. 594.","journal-title":"Ann. Ophthal., Vol"},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"152","author":"C.R.I.D.E.R.","year":"1935","unstructured":"CRIDER (1935).-Jl. Exp. Psychol., Vol. XVIII, p. 152.","journal-title":"Jl. Exp. Psychol., Vol. XVIII"},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"449","volume":"V,","author":"D.E.A.N.","year":"1895","unstructured":"DEAN (1895).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. V, p. 449.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rec., Vol"},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"692","volume":"XV,","author":"D.E.A.N.","year":"1936","unstructured":"DEAN (1936) -Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XV, p. 692."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"228","author":"DOBSON (1937). Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U. K., Vol","unstructured":"DOBSON (1937).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. LVII, p. 228.","journal-title":"LVII"},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"503","volume":"XLVIII,","author":"DOLMAN (1919). Arch. Ophthal. N. Y., Vol","year":"1919","unstructured":"DOLMAN (1919).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XLVIII, p. 503. (Reprint, 1919).-Trans. Amcr. Ofihthal. Soc., Vol. XVII, p. 235.","journal-title":"Trans. Amcr. Ofihthal. Soc., Vol. XVII"},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"258","volume":"III,","author":"DOLMAN (1920a). Amer. Ji. Ophthal., Vol","unstructured":"DOLMAN (1920a).-Amer. Ji. Ophthal., Vol. III, p. 258."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"194","volume":"XLIX,","author":"DOLMAN (1920b). Arch. Ophthal. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"DOLMAN (1920b).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XLIX, p. 194."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"113","author":"DUANE (1889).-N. Y. Med. JI., Vol","year":"L,","unstructured":"DUANE (1889).-N.Y. Med. JI., Vol. L, p. 113."},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"258","volume":"XXIV,","author":"DUANE (1895). Arch. Ophthal. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"DUANE (1895).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XXIV, p. 258."},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"890","author":"DUANE (1901). N. Y. Med. JI., Vol","unstructured":"DUANE (1901). N.Y. Med. JI., Vol. LXXIII, p. 890.","journal-title":"LXXIII"},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"562","author":"D.U.A.N.E.","year":"1904","unstructured":"DUANE (1904).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. XIII, p. 562.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rec., Vol. XIII"},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"301","volume":"XIV,","author":"DUANE (1905a). Ann. Ophthal., Vol","unstructured":"DUANE (1905a).-Ann. Ophthal., Vol. XIV, p. 301."},{"key":"ref_62","first-page":"1","article-title":"Oihthalmology, Vol","volume":"Vol.","author":"D.U.A.N.E.","year":"1905","unstructured":"DUANE (1905b).-Oihthalmology, Vol. II, p. 1. (1914).-N.Y. Med. Ji., Vol. XC1X, p. 409.","journal-title":"Med. Ji; Y"},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"1","article-title":"Oihthalmology, Vol","volume":"II,","author":"b). Oihthalmology; Vol","year":"1905","unstructured":"(1905b).-Oihthalmology, Vol. II, p. 1. (1905b).-Oihthalmology, Vol. II, p. 1. (1905b).-Oihthalmology, Vol. II, p. 1. (1905b).-Oihthalmology, Vol. II, p. 1. (1918).-Trans. Coll. Phys. Philad., Vol. XL, p. 247.","journal-title":"Trans. Coll. Phys. Philad., Vol. XL; Oihthalmology, Vol"},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"1","article-title":"Y","volume":"II","author":"b). Oihthalmology; Vol","year":"1919","unstructured":"(1905b).-Oihthalmology, Vol. II, p. 1. (1919).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XLVIII, p. 1. (1927).-N.Y. St. Ji. Med., Vol. XXVII, p. 535.","journal-title":"St. Ji. Med., Vol. XXVII"},{"key":"ref_65","article-title":"Text-Book of Ophthalmology,","author":"DUKE-ELDER","year":"1932","unstructured":"DUKE-ELDER (1932).-\" Text-Book of Ophthalmology,\" London."},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"1140","volume":"XIV,","author":"DUNNINGTON (1931). Amer. JI. Ofhthal., Vol","unstructured":"DUNNINGTON (1931).-Amer. JI. Ofhthal., Vol. XIV, p. 1140."},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"600","article-title":"Ophthalmoscope, Vol. XIII","author":"E.L.L.I.O.T.T.","year":"1915","unstructured":"ELLIOTT (1915).-Ophthalmoscope, Vol. XIII, p. 600."},{"key":"ref_68","first-page":"954","article-title":"Ophthalmoscope, Vol","author":"E.V.A.N.S.","year":"1908","unstructured":"EVANS (1908).-Ophthalmoscope, Vol. VI, p. 954."},{"key":"ref_69","first-page":"62","volume":"XXXII,","author":"FERRI (1884). Gior. Accad. Med. Torino, Vol","unstructured":"FERRI (1884).-Gior. Accad. Med. Torino, Vol. XXXII, p. 62. (Abstract, 1885).-Rev. gen. Ophtal. Paris, Vol. IV, p. 35."},{"key":"ref_70","first-page":"526","volume":"XL,","author":"FIELD (1911). Arch. Oihthal. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"FIELD (1911).-Arch. Oihthal. N.Y., Vol. XL, p. 526."},{"key":"ref_71","first-page":"168","volume":"X,","author":"F.I.N.K.","year":"1927","unstructured":"FINK (1927).-AmerJl. Ophthal., Vol. X, p. 168.","journal-title":"AmerJl. Ophthal., Vol"},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"251","article-title":"Von Graefe's Arch","author":"F.I.S.C.H.E.R.","year":"1922","unstructured":"FISCHER (1922).-Von Graefe's Arch. Ophthal., Vol. CVIII, p. 251.","journal-title":"Ophthal., Vol. CVIII"},{"key":"ref_73","first-page":"452","volume":"VIII,","author":"Abstract, 1922-23). Zentralbl. ges. Oihtal., Vol","unstructured":"(Abstract, 1922-23).-Zentralbl. ges. Oihtal., Vol. VIII, p. 452."},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"174","author":"rch.f. Augenheilk., A.; XCVII, Vol; P.","year":"1926","unstructured":"-A rch.f. Augenheilk., Vol. XCVII, P. 174. (Abstract, 1926-27).-Arch. f. Augenheilk, Vol. XVII, p. 107.","journal-title":"Arch. f. Augenheilk, Vol. XVII"},{"key":"ref_75","first-page":"37","volume":"531","author":"F.O.L.I.N.E.A.","year":"1922","unstructured":"FOLINEA (1922).-Arch. Ottal., Vol. XXIX, p. 37. (Abstact, 1922).-Arch. Ottal., Vol. VII, 531.","journal-title":"Arch. Ottal., Vol. XXIX"},{"key":"ref_76","first-page":"110","article-title":"Reprint from Perceval, 1922","author":"Fox","year":"1923","unstructured":"Fox (1923).-Reprint from Perceval, 1922. Amer. Jl. Obhthal., Vol. CVI, p. 110.","journal-title":"Amer. Jl. Obhthal., Vol. CVI"},{"key":"ref_77","first-page":"283","volume":"XV,","author":"FRIEDENWALD (1936). Arch. Ophthal. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"FRIEDENWALD (1936).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XV, p. 283."},{"key":"ref_78","first-page":"2","volume":"XXVII,","author":"p. 678.","year":"1937","unstructured":"FURIUYA (Abstract section, 1938).-Bull. Nav. Med. Ass. Japan, Vol. XXVII, p. 2. (Abstract, 1937-38).-Bull. Nav. Med. Ass.Japan, Vol. XL, p. 678.","journal-title":"Bull. Nav. Med. Ass. Japan, Vol. XL"},{"key":"ref_79","first-page":"277","volume":"XXV,","author":"GAUDENZI (1896). Ann. Ottal., Vol","unstructured":"GAUDENZI (1896).-Ann. Ottal., Vol. XXV, p. 277. (Abstract, 1896). -Zentralbl. prak. Augenheilk., Vol. XX, p. 118."},{"key":"ref_80","first-page":"833","volume":"VI,","author":"GEORG, TEREN; LOWELL (1923). Amer. Ji. Ophthal., Vol","year":"1899","unstructured":"GEORG, TEREN and LOWELL (1923).-Amer. Ji. Ophthal., Vol. VI, p. 833. GUAITA and BARDELLI (1899).-Ann. Ophthal., Vol. VIII, p. 538.","journal-title":"GUAITA and BARDELLI; Ann. Ophthal., Vol. VIII"},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"272","volume":"\"Vol.\" # \"X,\"","author":"H.A.E.S.S.L.E.R.","year":"1938","unstructured":"HAESSLER (1938).-Amer. JI. O2hthal., Vol. XXI, p. 272. IIANSEN GRUT (1890).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. X, p. 1.","journal-title":"Amer. JI. O2hthal"},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"313","volume":"V,","author":"H.A.N.N.A.","year":"1895","unstructured":"HANNA (1895).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. V, p. 313.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rec., Vol"},{"key":"ref_83","first-page":"377","author":"Ji, HANSELL (1891). Amer.","unstructured":"HANSELL (1891).-Amer. Ji. Med. Sci., Vol. CI, p. 377.","journal-title":"Med. Sci., Vol. CI"},{"key":"ref_84","first-page":"9","article-title":"The Ocular Muscles,","author":"H.A.N.S.E.L.L.; R.E.B.E.R.","year":"1912","unstructured":"HANSELL and REBER (1912).-\" The Ocular Muscles,' Philadelphia. HARMAN (1909a).-Ophthal. Rev., Vol. XXVIII, p. 9.","journal-title":"Philadelphia. HARMAN; Ophthal. Rev., Vol. XXVIII"},{"key":"ref_85","first-page":"54","volume":"XXIX,","author":"HANSELL; REBER (1909b). Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U. K., Vol","unstructured":"HANSELL and REBER (1909b).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. XXIX, p. 54."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"52","volume":"XXX,","author":"HANSELL; Vol, REBER (1910). Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U. K","unstructured":"HANSELL and REBER (1910).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K Vol. XXX, p. 52."},{"key":"ref_87","first-page":"137","author":"H.A.Z.E.N.","year":"1900","unstructured":"HAZEN (1900).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. IX, p. 137.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rec., Vol. IX"},{"key":"ref_88","first-page":"234","author":"H.E.R.B.E.R.T.","year":"1893","unstructured":"HERBERT (1893).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. III, p. 234.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rec., Vol. III"},{"key":"ref_89","first-page":"313","author":"H.E.R.B.E.R.T.","year":"1894","unstructured":"HERBERT (1894).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. IV, p. 313.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rec., Vol. IV"},{"key":"ref_90","first-page":"218","volume":"XL,","author":"HESS (1911). Arch. Ophthal. N. Y., Vol","year":"1887","unstructured":"HESS (1911).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XL, p. 218. HOLDEN (1887a).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XVI, p. 295.","journal-title":"Arch. Ophthal. N. Y., Vol. XVI"},{"key":"ref_91","first-page":"403","volume":"XVI,","author":"HESS (1887b).-A rch. Ophthal. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"HESS (1887b).-A rch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XVI, p. 403."},{"key":"ref_92","article-title":"Comp. Rend. d. 13me Congres Interwat","author":"H.O.W.E.","year":"1901","unstructured":"HOWE (1901).-Comp. Rend. d. 13me Congres Interwat. d. Med. (Sect. dl'Opht.)"},{"key":"ref_93","first-page":"188","volume":"XII,","author":"Vol","unstructured":"Vol. XII, p. 188."},{"key":"ref_94","first-page":"1024","article-title":"The Muscles of the Eye,\"","author":"Jl. Amer. Med. Assoc., Vol. LIX,","year":"1912","unstructured":"-\" The Muscles of the Eye,\" Londcn. (1912).-Jl. Amer. Med. Assoc., Vol. LIX, p. 1024.","journal-title":"Londcn"},{"key":"ref_95","first-page":"93","article-title":"The Muscles of the Eye,\"","author":"Londcn. Londcn. Londcn. Londcn. St. Jl. Med., Vol. XIV,","year":"1906","unstructured":"-\" The Muscles of the Eye,\" Londcn. (1906).-\" The Muscles of the Eye,\" Londcn. (1906).-\" The Muscles of the Eye,\" Londcn. (1906).-\" The Muscles of the Eye,\" Londcn. (1906).-\" The Muscles of the Eye,\" Londcn. (1914).-N.Y. St. Jl. Med., Vol. XIV, p. 93.","journal-title":"Londcn; The Muscles of the Eye"},{"key":"ref_96","first-page":"373","volume":"VIII,","author":"HUBBELL, k1899)-O.\/hthal Rec; Vol","unstructured":"HUBBELL, k1899).-O\/hthal. Rec., Vol. VIII, p. 373."},{"key":"ref_97","first-page":"403","author":"RZeprint, 1900). Jl. Amer","unstructured":"(RZeprint, 1900).-Jl. Amer. Med. Assoc., Vol. XXXIV, p. 403.","journal-title":"Med. Assoc., Vol. XXXIV"},{"key":"ref_98","first-page":"229","article-title":"-\" Squint and Ocular Paralysis,\"","author":"H.U.G.H.E.S.","year":"1907","unstructured":"HUGHES (1907) -\" Squint and Ocular Paralysis,\" London. (1934).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XI, p. 229.","journal-title":"London"},{"key":"ref_99","first-page":"1037","volume":"XV,","author":"IRVINE; LUDVIGH (1936). Arch. Ophthal. N. Y., Vol","year":"1893","unstructured":"IRVINE and LUDVIGH (1936).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XV, p. 1037. JACKSON (1893a).-Jl. Amer. Med. Assoc., Vol. XXI, p. 737.","journal-title":"Jl. Amer. Med. Assoc., Vol. XXI"},{"key":"ref_100","first-page":"454","author":"IRVINE; LUDVIGH (1893b). Med. News, Vol","unstructured":"IRVINE and LUDVIGH (1893b).-Med. News, Vol. LXIII, p. 454.","journal-title":"LXIII"},{"key":"ref_101","first-page":"105","volume":"III,","author":"IRVINE; LUDVIGH (1893c). Ophthal. Rec., Vol","year":"1894","unstructured":"IRVINE and LUDVIGH (1893c).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. III, p. 105. (1894).-Ophthal. Rev. Vol. XIII, p. 21. JAMESON-EVANS (1922).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. XLII, p. 332.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rev. Vol. XIII"},{"key":"ref_102","first-page":"343","volume":"Vol. I,","author":"Ji, KLETZKY (1920).-A1ner.","unstructured":"KLETZKY (1920).-A1ner. Ji. Physiol. Opt., Vol. I, p. 343.","journal-title":"Physiol. Opt"},{"key":"ref_103","first-page":"411","author":"K.O.Y.L.E.","year":"1905","unstructured":"KOYLE (1905).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. XIV, p. 411.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rec., Vol. XIV"},{"key":"ref_104","first-page":"268","author":"KRUKOFF (1871). Ann. d'ocul. Paris, Vol","unstructured":"KRUKOFF (1871).-Ann. d'ocul. Paris, Vol. LXVII, p. 268.","journal-title":"LXVII"},{"key":"ref_105","first-page":"768","volume":"IX,","author":"LAUDER (1910)-. Cleveland Med. Ji., Vol","unstructured":"LAUDER (1910)-.Cleveland Med. Ji., Vol. IX, p. 768."},{"key":"ref_106","first-page":"530","author":"FEVER, L.E.","year":"1903","unstructured":"LE FEVER (1903).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. XII, p. 530.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rec., Vol. XII"},{"key":"ref_107","first-page":"325","volume":"VI,","author":"LEWIS (1897). Ann. Ophthal., Vol","unstructured":"LEWIS (1897).-Ann. Ophthal., Vol. VI, p. 325."},{"key":"ref_108","first-page":"577","volume":"XVI,","author":"LIVINGSTON (1932). Brit. Ji. Ophthal., Vol","unstructured":"LIVINGSTON (1932).-Brit. Ji. Ophthal., Vol. XVI, p. 577."},{"key":"ref_109","first-page":"337","author":"LIVINGSTON (1934). Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U. K., Vol","unstructured":"LIVINGSTON (1934).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. LIV, p. 337.","journal-title":"LIV"},{"key":"ref_110","first-page":"59","author":"L.I.V.I.N.G.S.T.O.N.","year":"1935","unstructured":"LIVINGSTON (1935).-Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., Vol. XXIX, p. 59.","journal-title":"Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., Vol. XXIX"},{"key":"ref_111","first-page":"129","volume":"(i).","author":"LIVINGSTON (1939a). Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U. K., Vol","unstructured":"LIVINGSTON (1939a).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. LIX, (i). p. 129.","journal-title":"LIX"},{"key":"ref_112","first-page":"71","article-title":"Brit","author":"L.I.V.I.N.G.S.T.O.N.","year":"1939","unstructured":"LIVINGSTON (1939b).-Brit. Orthop.Jl., Vol. I. p. 71.","journal-title":"Orthop. Jl., Vol. I"},{"key":"ref_113","first-page":"101","volume":"1","author":"L.O.R.I.N.G.","year":"1868","unstructured":"LORING (1868).-Trans. Amer. Ophthal. Soc., Vol. 1, p. 101. (Abstract, 1869).-A nn. d'ocul. Paris, Vol. LX1V, p. 46.","journal-title":"Trans. Amer. Ophthal. Soc"},{"key":"ref_114","first-page":"21","article-title":"Jl. Anat","author":"M.A.D.D.O.X.","year":"1886","unstructured":"MADDOX (1886).-Jl. Anat. London, Vol. XXI, p. 21."},{"key":"ref_115","first-page":"129","article-title":"MADDOX (1890a). Ophthal","unstructured":"MADDOX (1890a).-Ophthal. Rev., Vol. IX, p. 129.","journal-title":"Rev., Vol. IX"},{"key":"ref_116","first-page":"287","article-title":"MADDOX (1890b). Ophthal","unstructured":"MADDOX (1890b).-Ophthal. Rev., Vol. IX, p. 287.","journal-title":"Rev., Vol. IX"},{"key":"ref_117","first-page":"124","article-title":"Test and Studies of the Ocular Muscles,","volume":"X,","author":"M.A.D.D.O.X.","year":"1907","unstructured":"MADDOX (1907).-\" Test and Studies of the Ocular Muscles,\" Philadelphia. (1912a).-Ophthalmoscope, Vol. X, p. 124.","journal-title":"Philadelphia.; Ophthalmoscope, Vol"},{"key":"ref_118","first-page":"179","article-title":"MADDOX (1907). \" Test and Studies of the Ocular Muscles,\"","year":"1907","unstructured":"MADDOX (1907).-\" Test and Studies of the Ocular Muscles,\" Philadelphia. (1907).-\" Test and Studies of the Ocular Muscles,\" Philadelphia. (1912b).-Ophthal. Rev., Vol. XXXI, p. 179.","journal-title":"Test and Studies of the Ocular Muscles; Ophthal. Rev., Vol. XXXI"},{"key":"ref_119","first-page":"223","article-title":"MADDOX (1907). \" Test and Studies of the Ocular Muscles,\"","author":"Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U. K., Vol. XXXIII,","year":"1913","unstructured":"MADDOX (1907).-\" Test and Studies of the Ocular Muscles,\" Philadelphia. (1913).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. XXXIII, p. 223.","journal-title":"Philadelphia"},{"key":"ref_120","first-page":"223","article-title":"Studies of the Ocular Muscles,\"","author":"and, Test","year":"1915","unstructured":"-\" Test and Studies of the Ocular Muscles,\" Philadelphia. (1915).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. XXIV, p. 223.","journal-title":"Philadelphia"},{"key":"ref_121","first-page":"229","article-title":"Studies of the Ocular Muscles,\"","author":"and, Test","year":"1920","unstructured":"-\" Test and Studies of the Ocular Muscles,\" Philadelphia. (1920).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XLIX, p. 229.","journal-title":"Philadelphia"},{"key":"ref_122","first-page":"433","author":"Ophthal., Brit Ji; V, Vol","year":"1922","unstructured":"-Brit. Ji. Ophthal., Vol. V. p. 433. (Reprint, 1922).-Amer. JIl. Physiol. Opt., Vol. III, p. 25.","journal-title":"Amer. JIl. Physiol. Opt., Vol. III"},{"key":"ref_123","first-page":"2","article-title":"MAGNANI and LAVAGNA (J899). Ann","volume":"XLIX,","author":"K., Trans Ophthal Soc U.; Vol","unstructured":"-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. XLIX, p. 2. MAGNANI and LAVAGNA (J899).-Ann. Ottal., Vol. XXVIII, p. 404.","journal-title":"Ottal., Vol. XXVIII"},{"key":"ref_124","first-page":"115","author":"M.A.R.L.O.W.","year":"1897","unstructured":"MARLOW (1897).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. VI, p. 115.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rec., Vol. VI"},{"key":"ref_125","first-page":"429","author":"St, S5)- N.Y.","unstructured":"(191S5)-.N. Y. St. Jl. Med., Vol. XV, p. 429.","journal-title":"Jl. Med., Vol. XV"},{"key":"ref_126","first-page":"936","volume":"CVIII,","author":"MARLOW (1918).-N. Y. Med. Ji., Vol","unstructured":"MARLOW (1918).-N.Y. Med. Ji., Vol. CVIII, p. 936."},{"key":"ref_127","first-page":"145","volume":"IV,","author":"MARLOW (1920). Brit. Ji. Ophthal., Vol","unstructured":"MARLOW (1920).-Brit. Ji. Ophthal., Vol. IV, p. 145."},{"key":"ref_128","first-page":"238","volume":"IV,","author":"MARLOW (1921).-A toter. JI. Ophthal., Vol","year":"1930","unstructured":"MARLOW (1921).-A toter. JI. Ophthal., Vol. IV, p. 238. -__-(1930).-Brit. Jl. Ophthal., Vol XIV, p. 385.","journal-title":"Brit. Jl. Ophthal., Vol XIV"},{"key":"ref_129","first-page":"238","article-title":"-__-(1927).-13rit","volume":"IV","author":"MARLOW (1921).-A toter. JI. Ophthal., Vol","unstructured":"MARLOW (1921).-A toter. JI. Ophthal., Vol. IV, p. 238. -__-(1927).-13rit. Jl. Ophthal., Vol. X, p. 567.","journal-title":"Jl. Ophthal., Vol"},{"key":"ref_130","first-page":"238","volume":"IV,","author":"MARLOW (1921).-A toter. JI. Ophthal., Vol","year":"1934","unstructured":"MARLOW (1921).-A toter. JI. Ophthal., Vol. IV, p. 238. -__-(1934).-Newv. Eng. Jl. Med., Vol. CCX, p. 309.","journal-title":"Newv. Eng. Jl. Med., Vol. CCX"},{"key":"ref_131","first-page":"238","article-title":"-__-(1936),-A rch","volume":"IV,","author":"MARLOW (1921).-A toter. JI. Ophthal., Vol","unstructured":"MARLOW (1921).-A toter. JI. Ophthal., Vol. IV, p. 238. -__-(1936),-A rch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XVI, p. 982.","journal-title":"Ophthal. N. Y., Vol. XVI"},{"key":"ref_132","first-page":"275","volume":"XLVI,","author":"MARIZQUEZ (1935). Rev. gin. d'ophtal. Paris, Vol","year":"1935","unstructured":"MARIZQUEZ (1935).-Rev. gin. d'ophtal. Paris, Vol. XLVI, p. 275. - (Reprint, 1935).-Arch. Oftal. Hisp.-Arner., Vol. XXXV, p. 561. MIARTrIN (1904).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. XIII, p. 111.","journal-title":"Arch. Oftal. Hisp. Arner., Vol. XXXV"},{"key":"ref_133","first-page":"186","author":"M.A.R.I.Z.Q.U.E.Z.","year":"1937","unstructured":"MARIZQUEZ (1937).-Wis. Med. JI., Vol. XXXVI, p. 186","journal-title":"Wis. Med. JI., Vol. XXXVI"},{"key":"ref_134","first-page":"161","article-title":"-Amer","author":"M.A.R.I.Z.Q.U.E.Z.","year":"1938","unstructured":"MARIZQUEZ (1938) -Amer. JI. Ophthal., Vol. XXI, p. 161.","journal-title":"JI. Ophthal., Vol. XXI"},{"key":"ref_135","first-page":"184","article-title":"Von Graefe's Arch","author":"M.A.R.X.","year":"1908","unstructured":"MARX (1908).-Von Graefe's Arch. Ophthal., Vol. LXIX, p. 184. - (Abstract, 1909).-Anit. d'ocul. Paris, Vol. CXLII, p. 402.","journal-title":"Ophthal., Vol. LXIX; Anit. d'ocul"},{"key":"ref_136","first-page":"352","article-title":"Vestnik Oftal., Vol. XIII","author":"M.E.R.L.I.N.","year":"1939","unstructured":"MERLIN (1939).-Vestnik Oftal., Vol. XIII, p. 352."},{"key":"ref_137","first-page":"588","author":"Abstract, 1939). Zentralbl. ges","unstructured":"(Abstract, 1939).-Zentralbl. ges. Ojhthal., Vol XLIII, p. 588.","journal-title":"Ojhthal., Vol XLIII"},{"key":"ref_138","first-page":"435","article-title":"NOIRRIS and OLIVER. \" System of Diseases of the Eye,\"","author":"Ophthal. Rec., Vol. IV, Jl. Atmer. Med. Assoc., Vol. LXXXV, O'CONNOR Brit. Jl. Ophthal., Vol. VIII,","year":"1894","unstructured":"NOIRRIS and OLIVER.-\" System of Diseases of the Eye,\" London and Philadelphia. NOIRTON (1894).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. IV, p. 435. O'BRIEN (1925).-Jl. Atmer. Med. Assoc., Vol. LXXXV, p. 1295. O'CONNOR (1924).-Brit. Jl. Ophthal., Vol. VIII, p. 449.","journal-title":"London and Philadelphia. NOIRTON"},{"key":"ref_139","first-page":"253","article-title":"NOIRRIS and OLIVER. \" System of Diseases of the Eye,\"","author":"Calif. West. Med., Vol. XXXI,","year":"1929","unstructured":"NOIRRIS and OLIVER.-\" System of Diseases of the Eye,\" London and Philadelphia. NOIRTON (1929).-Calif. West. Med., Vol. XXXI, p. 253.","journal-title":"London and Philadelphia. NOIRTON"},{"key":"ref_140","first-page":"300","volume":"XII,","author":"OSTWALT (1893). Rev. gin. Ophtal. Paris, Vol","unstructured":"OSTWALT (1893).-Rev. gin. Ophtal. Paris, Vol. XII, p. 300."},{"key":"ref_141","first-page":"880","volume":"XXXII,","author":"P.A.N.N.I.","year":"1903","unstructured":"PANNI (1903) -Ann. Ottal., Vol. XXXII, p. 880 (Abstract, 1903).-Zentralbl. prakt. Augenheilk., Vol. XXVII, p. 442.","journal-title":"Zentralbl. prakt. Augenheilk., Vol. XXVII"},{"key":"ref_142","first-page":"93","author":"P.A.R.I.N.A.U.D.","year":"1893","unstructured":"PARINAUD (1893).-Bull. Soc. franV Oplhtal., Vol. Xl, p. 93.","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. franV Oplhtal., Vol. Xl"},{"key":"ref_143","first-page":"706","volume":"XL","author":"PASETTI (1911). Ann. Ottal., Vol","year":"1922","unstructured":"PASETTI (1911).-Ann. Ottal., Vol. XL, p. 706. PERCEVAL, Fox et alia (1922).-Brit. Med. Ji., (ii), 1249.","journal-title":"Brit. Med. Ji"},{"key":"ref_144","article-title":"(1928).--' The Extra-Ocular Muscles,\"","author":"P.E.T.E.R.","unstructured":"PETER (1928).--' The Extra-Ocular Muscles,\" London."},{"key":"ref_145","first-page":"372","volume":"XXII,","author":"PRINCE (1893). Arch. Ophthal. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"PRINCE (1893).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XXII, p. 372."},{"key":"ref_146","first-page":"22","author":"P.R.I.N.C.E.","year":"1894","unstructured":"PRINCE (1894).-Ophthal. Rev., Vol. IV, p. 22.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rev., Vol. IV"},{"key":"ref_147","first-page":"p.","author":"P.R.I.N.C.E.","year":"1898","unstructured":"PRINCE (1898).-Jl. Amer. Med. Assoc., Vol. XXX, p. 197.","journal-title":"Jl. Amer. Med. Assoc., Vol. XXX"},{"key":"ref_148","first-page":"324","author":"P.Y.L.E.","year":"1903","unstructured":"PYLE (1903).-OpIlthal. Rec., Vol XII, p. 324.","journal-title":"OpIlthal. Rec., Vol XII"},{"key":"ref_149","first-page":"362","volume":"V,","author":"I.R.A.N.D.A.L.L.","year":"1890","unstructured":"IRANDALL (1890).-Trans. Amer Ophthal. Soc., Vol. V, p. 362.","journal-title":"Trans. Amer Ophthal. Soc., Vol"},{"key":"ref_150","first-page":"592","volume":"Vol. XII,","author":"R.E.B.E.R.","year":"1914","unstructured":"REBER (1914).-Ophthalmoscope, Vol. XII, p 592.","journal-title":"Ophthalmoscope"},{"key":"ref_151","first-page":"2051","volume":"ii,","author":"R.E.I.J.N.D.E.R.S.","year":"1922","unstructured":"REIJNDERS (1922).-Ned. Tijdschr. Geneesk., Vol. LXVI, ii, p. 2051. - (Abstract, 1923).-Zentralbl. ges. Ophthal., Vol. IX, p. 275.","journal-title":"Ned. Tijdschr. Geneesk., Vol. LXVI"},{"key":"ref_152","first-page":"426","author":"R.E.X.R.O.A.D.","year":"1928","unstructured":"REXROAD (1928).-Amer. JI. Psychol., Vol. XL, p. 426.","journal-title":"Amer. JI. Psychol., Vol. XL"},{"key":"ref_153","series-title":"LXI","first-page":"455","author":"RILEY (1902). Med. Rec. N. Y., Vol","year":"1906","unstructured":"RILEY (1902).-Med. Rec. N.Y., Vol. LXI, p. 455. RE}MY (1906).-Rec. d'ophtal. Vol. XXVIII, p. 520."},{"key":"ref_154","first-page":"203","volume":"Vol. XXX","author":"R.I.L.E.Y.","year":"1908","unstructured":"RILEY (1908).-Rec. d'ophtal., Vol. XXX, pp. 203, 350, 438.","journal-title":"Rec. d'ophtal"},{"key":"ref_155","first-page":"337","volume":"XXI,","author":"RISLEY (1912). Ophthal. Rec. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"RISLEY (1912).-Ophthal. Rec. N.Y., Vol. XXI, p. 337."},{"key":"ref_156","first-page":"228","volume":"I,","author":"SAVAGE (1891). Ohthal. Rec. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"SAVAGE (1891).-Ohthal. Rec. N.Y., Vol. I, p. 228."},{"key":"ref_157","first-page":"453","volume":"X,","author":"SAVAGE (1901). Ophthal. Rec. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"SAVAGE (1901).-Ophthal. Rec. N.Y., Vol. X, p. 453."},{"key":"ref_158","first-page":"367","author":"S.C.H.A.N.Z.","year":"1912","unstructured":"SCHANZ (1912).-Zeitschr. Aulenheilk., Vol. XXVII, p. 367.","journal-title":"Zeitschr. Aulenheilk., Vol. XXVII"},{"key":"ref_159","first-page":"668","author":"S.C.H.E.N.C.K.","year":"1917","unstructured":"SCHENCK (1917).-Jl. Obhthal. Otol. Laryng., Vol. XXIII, p. 668. SCHI6TZ (1899).-Annt. d'ocul. Paris, Vol. CXXI, p. 21.","journal-title":"Jl. Obhthal. Otol. Laryng., Vol. XXIII"},{"key":"ref_160","first-page":"366","author":"S.C.H.U.R.R.","year":"1939","unstructured":"SCHURR (1939).-Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., Vol. XXXII, p. 366.","journal-title":"Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., Vol. XXXII"},{"key":"ref_161","first-page":"1004","author":"S.H.A.W.","year":"1916","unstructured":"SHAW (1916).--Jl. Ophthal. Otol. Laryng., Vol. XXII, p. 1004.","journal-title":"Jl. Ophthal. Otol. Laryng., Vol. XXII"},{"key":"ref_162","first-page":"234","volume":"Vol. I,","author":"S.H.E.A.R.D.","year":"1920","unstructured":"SHEARD (1920).-Amer. JI. Physiol. Opt., Vol. I, p. 234.","journal-title":"Amer. JI. Physiol. Opt"},{"key":"ref_163","first-page":"254","author":"S.M.I.T.H.","year":"1907","unstructured":"SMITH (1907).-Ohio Med. Ji., Vol. II, p. 254. STARR (1898).-Ann. Ophthal., Vol. VII, p. 389.","journal-title":"Ohio Med. Ji., Vol. II"},{"key":"ref_164","first-page":"150","volume":"XVI,","author":"STEVENS (1887). Arch. Ophthal. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"STEVENS (1887).-Arch. Ophthal. N.Y., Vol. XVI, p. 150."},{"key":"ref_165","first-page":"511","volume":"XXXIII,","author":"STEVENS (1888). Med. Rec. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"STEVENS (1888).-Med. Rec. N.Y., Vol. XXXIII, p. 511."},{"key":"ref_166","first-page":"108","volume":"XXXVII,","author":"STEVENS (1890). Med. Rec. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"STEVENS (1890).-Med. Rec. N.Y., Vol. XXXVII, p. 108."},{"key":"ref_167","first-page":"215","volume":"1","author":"N, STEVENS (1891). Ophthal Rec.","unstructured":"STEVENS (1891).-Ophthal Rec. N.Y., Vol. 1, p. 215.","journal-title":"Y"},{"key":"ref_168","first-page":"23","author":"STEVENS (1892a). Ann. d'ocul. Paris, Vol","unstructured":"STEVENS (1892a).-Ann. d'ocul. Paris, Vol. CVII p. 23.","journal-title":"CVII"},{"key":"ref_169","first-page":"80","author":"STEVENS (1892b).-N Y. Med. JI., Vol","unstructured":"STEVENS (1892b).-N Y. Med. JI., Vol. LV, p. 80.","journal-title":"LV"},{"key":"ref_170","first-page":"294","volume":"III,","author":"Y., Ophthaz Rec N.; Vol","unstructured":"-(1893).-Ophthaz. Rec. N.Y., Vol. III, p. 294."},{"key":"ref_171","series-title":"Philadelphia. STILLING; Arch.f. Augenhteilk., Vol. XV","first-page":"363","article-title":"The Motor Apparatus of the Eyes,\"","author":"p. 363.","year":"1885","unstructured":"-(1906).-\" The Motor Apparatus of the Eyes,\" Philadelphia. STILLING (1885).-Arch.f. Augenhteilk., Vol. XV, p. 73. (Abstract, 1885).-Rev. gein. d'ophtal. Paris, Vol. IV, p. 363."},{"key":"ref_172","first-page":"660","article-title":"-Ophthalmoscope, Vol. XI","author":"S.T.I.R.L.I.N.G.; M.A.D.D.O.X.","year":"1913","unstructured":"STIRLING and MADDOX (1913) -Ophthalmoscope, Vol. XI, p. 660."},{"key":"ref_173","first-page":"291","author":"S.T.O.C.K.","year":"1922","unstructured":"STOCK (1922).-Ber. deutsch. ophthal. Ges., Vol. XLIII, p. 291.","journal-title":"Ber. deutsch. ophthal. Ges., Vol. XLIII"},{"key":"ref_174","first-page":"100","volume":"X,","author":"STOCK (Abstract, 1923). Zentralbl. ges. O(h thal., Vol","unstructured":"STOCK (Abstract, 1923).-Zentralbl. ges. O(h thal., Vol. X, p. 100."},{"key":"ref_175","first-page":"97","author":"S.T.R.A.U.B.","year":"1892","unstructured":"STRAUB (1892).-Ophthal. Rev., Vol. XI, p. 97.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Rev., Vol. XI"},{"key":"ref_176","first-page":"1138","article-title":"Schweiz. mited","author":"S.T.R.E.B.E.L.","year":"1921","unstructured":"STREBEL (1921).-Schweiz. mited. Wschr., Vol. LI, p. 1138. (Abstract, 1921).-Ophthal. Yearbook, Vol. XIX, p. 36.","journal-title":"Ophthal. Yearbook, Vol. XIX"},{"key":"ref_177","first-page":"20","author":"S.T.U.T.T.E.R.H.E.I.M.","year":"1932","unstructured":"STUTTERHEIM (1932).-Brit. Ji. Obhthal., Vol XVI, p. 20.","journal-title":"Brit. Ji. Obhthal., Vol XVI"},{"key":"ref_178","first-page":"394","volume":"XVII,","author":"STUTTERHEIM (1933). Brit. Ji. Ophthal., Vol","unstructured":"STUTTERHEIM (1933).-Brit. Ji. Ophthal., Vol. XVII, p. 394."},{"key":"ref_179","first-page":"1054","article-title":"-Amer","author":"S.W.A.B.","year":"1930","unstructured":"SWAB (1930) -Amer. JI. Ophthal., Vol. XIII, p. 1054.","journal-title":"JI. Ophthal., Vol. XIII"},{"key":"ref_180","first-page":"100","author":"T.A.L.B.O.T.T.","year":"1929","unstructured":"TALBOTT (1929).-Calif. West. Med., Vol. XXX, p. 100.","journal-title":"Calif. West. Med., Vol. XXX"},{"key":"ref_181","first-page":"267","author":"T.A.Y.L.O.R.","year":"1932","unstructured":"TAYLOR (1932).-Jl. Iouwa St. Med. Soc., Vol. XXII, p. 267.","journal-title":"Jl. Iouwa St. Med. Soc., Vol. XXII"},{"key":"ref_182","first-page":"175","author":"T.H.O.R.N.E.","year":"1930","unstructured":"THORNE (1930).--Milit. Surg., Vol. LXVI, p. 175.","journal-title":"Milit. Surg., Vol. LXVI"},{"key":"ref_183","first-page":"239","volume":"XLIV,","author":"THOMISON (1924). Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U. K., Vol","unstructured":"THOMISON (1924).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. XLIV, p. 239."},{"key":"ref_184","article-title":"TSCHERNING (1920). \" Physiologic Optics,\"","volume-title":"Philadelphia.","unstructured":"TSCHERNING (1920).-\" Physiologic Optics,\" Philadelphia."},{"key":"ref_185","first-page":"639","author":"V.A.L.K.","year":"1912","unstructured":"VALK (1912).-Ophthlal Rec., Vol. XXI, p. 639.","journal-title":"Ophthlal Rec., Vol. XXI"},{"key":"ref_186","first-page":"1","author":"HOEVE, V.A.N.D.E.R.","year":"1932","unstructured":"VAN DER HOEVE (1932).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. LIJ, p. 1.","journal-title":"LIJ"},{"key":"ref_187","first-page":"87","volume":"X,","author":"VERHOEFF (1899). Johns Hopkins Host. Bull., Vol","unstructured":"VERHOEFF (1899).-Johns Hopkins Host. Bull., Vol. X, p. 87."},{"key":"ref_188","first-page":"490","article-title":"(Reprint, 1926).-A mer","volume":"VIII,","author":"Reprint, 1899).--7Traits. Amer. Ophthal. Soc, Vol","unstructured":"(Reprint, 1899).--7Traits. Amer. Ophthal. Soc, Vol. VIII, p. 490 (Reprint, 1926).-A mer. Jl. Physiol. Opt., Vol. VII, p. 39.","journal-title":"Jl. Physiol. Opt., Vol. VII"},{"key":"ref_189","first-page":"329","author":"HEYD1, V.O.N.D.E.R.","year":"1918","unstructured":"VON DER HEYD1 (1918).-Illinois Med. Ji., Vol. XXXIII, p. 329.","journal-title":"Illinois Med. Ji., Vol. XXXIII"},{"key":"ref_190","first-page":"172","volume":"XLV,","author":"WALTER (1916). Arch. Oplithal. N. Y., Vol","unstructured":"WALTER (1916).-Arch. Oplithal. N.Y., Vol. XLV, p. 172."},{"key":"ref_191","first-page":"271","article-title":"The Stereoscope in Ophthalmology,","volume":"XXV","author":"W.E.L.L.S.","year":"1926","unstructured":"WELLS (1926).-\" The Stereoscope in Ophthalmology,\" Boston. WEYMOUTH (1916).-Ophthal. Rec. N.Y., Vol. XXV, p. 271. WHITE (1936a).-Amer. Jl. Ophthal., Vol. X1X, p. 653.","journal-title":"Boston. WEYMOUTH; Amer. Jl. Ophthal"},{"key":"ref_192","first-page":"943","article-title":"IPenn. Med","author":"W.E.L.L.S.","year":"1936","unstructured":"WELLS (1936b).-IPenn. Med. JI., Vol. XXXIX, p. 943.","journal-title":"JI., Vol. XXXIX"},{"key":"ref_193","first-page":"15","article-title":"WHITNALL (1921). \" The Anatomy of the Human Orbit,\"","author":"Jl. R. Nav. Med. Serv., Vol. XXVI,","year":"1940","unstructured":"WHITNALL (1921).-\" The Anatomy of the Human Orbit,\" London. WHITTINGHAM (1940).-Jl. R. Nav. Med. Serv., Vol. XXVI, p. 15.","journal-title":"London. WHITTINGHAM"},{"key":"ref_194","first-page":"388","article-title":"Trans. Amer Ophthal. Soc, Vol","author":"W.I.L.L.I.A.M.S.","year":"1901","unstructured":"WILLIAMS (1901).-Trans. Amer Ophthal. Soc, Vol. IX, p. 388.","journal-title":"IX"},{"key":"ref_195","first-page":"334","volume":"XIII,","author":"Abstract, 1904). Ophthal. Rec., Vol","unstructured":"(Abstract, 1904).-Ophthal. Rec., Vol. XIII, p. 334."},{"key":"ref_196","first-page":"126","author":"W.O.O.D.S.","year":"1920","unstructured":"WOODS (1920).-Sth. Med. Ji., Vol. XIII, p. 126.","journal-title":"Sth. Med. Ji., Vol. XIII"},{"key":"ref_197","first-page":"1795","author":"Astract, 1919). Jl. Amer","unstructured":"(Astract, 1919).-Jl. Amer. Med. Assoc., Vol. LXXIII, p. 1795.","journal-title":"Med. Assoc., Vol. LXXIII"},{"key":"ref_198","first-page":"162","volume":"XXXII,","author":"WRAY (1912). Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U. K., Vol","year":"1926","unstructured":"WRAY (1912).-Trans. Ophthal. Soc. U.K., Vol. XXXII, p. 162. YOUJNG (1926a).-Virginia Med. Mott., Vol. LIII, p. 25.","journal-title":"Virginia Med. Mott., Vol. LIII"},{"key":"ref_199","first-page":"51","volume":"XXIII,","author":"Abstract, 1927). Ophthal. Yearbook, Vol","unstructured":"(Abstract, 1927).-Ophthal. Yearbook, Vol. XXIII, p. 51."},{"key":"ref_200","first-page":"233","article-title":"An Introduction to the Thieory of Statistics,","author":"b). Virginia Med. Mon.; Vol","year":"1937","unstructured":"(1926b).-Virginia Med. Mon., Vol. LIII, p. 233. YULE and KENDALL (1937).--\" An Introduction to the Thieory of Statistics,\" London.","journal-title":"LIII; YULE and KENDALL"},{"key":"ref_201","first-page":"521","article-title":"ZENTMAYER (1911)..-Trans. A mer","volume":"Vol. XIII,","unstructured":"ZENTMAYER (1911)..-Trans. A mer. Ofhtltal. Soc., Vol. XIII, p 521.","journal-title":"Ofhtltal. Soc"},{"key":"ref_202","article-title":"aged 42 years, was seen by Mr. Freeman Heal, of Luton, in September, 1939, for routine change of spectacles. He was a high myope, but with correction could see 6\/9 with the right eye. The sight of the left eye had been lost many years before as the result of a detached retina. Three weeks later, without any trauma, his sight suddenly failed when a large shadow came across it fronm left to right. He went back next day to Mr","volume-title":"Freeman Heal","author":"Q, The Rev. G. E.","unstructured":"The Rev. G.E.Q., aged 42 years, was seen by Mr. Freeman Heal, of Luton, in September, 1939, for routine change of spectacles. He was a high myope, but with correction could see 6\/9 with the right eye. The sight of the left eye had been lost many years before as the result of a detached retina. Three weeks later, without any trauma, his sight suddenly failed when a large shadow came across it fronm left to right. He went back next day to Mr. Freeman Heal"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T19:49:17Z","timestamp":1601063357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjo.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjo.25.5.189"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1941,5,1]]},"references-count":202,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1941,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.25.5.189","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1161","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1941,5,1]]}}}