{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T18:56:19Z","timestamp":1761418579834},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The injuries sustained by the boys at one English public school have been recorded and analysed by age, experience, position, phase, duration of the game and of the season. Few injuries have been serious. Detailed reference is made to concussion, injuries from collapsed scrums and injuries of the cervical spine. The paper emphasises that the tackle leads to most injuries. This paper presents the Rugby football injuries sustained by the boarders of Rugby School in the four seasons 1980-1983. The injury rate was 194 per 10,000 player hours, compared with the rate of 198 per 10,000 player hours for the thirty seasons 1950-1979 (Sparks, 1981). Tables I-VI list the injuries by different criteria. Table VII lists the sites of injury; Table VIII the time off Rugby football after injury; Table IX lists some of the more important injuries; Table XI summarises the playing results of the various school teams; Table XIII compares some of the Rugby School figures with those recorded in the Accident and Emergency Department of Christchurch Hospital during the 1979 New Zealand Rugby football season (Inglis and Stewart, 1981); Table XIV records information on three aspects of Rugby football that have occasioned much recent concern, viz:--Time off playing after concussion, injuries caused by collapsed scrums and neck injuries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.19.2.71","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,16]],"date-time":"2008-12-16T00:55:24Z","timestamp":1229388924000},"page":"71-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Rugby football injuries, 1980-1983."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"J P","family":"Sparks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","article-title":"\"Factors associated with Rugby injuries in schoolboys\", a paper delivered at the Australian Sports Medicine Conference","author":"Davidson, R.M.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Davidson, R. M., 1978 \"Factors associated with Rugby injuries in schoolboys\", a paper delivered at the Australian Sports Medicine Conference, Adelaide, August 18th."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6154.1759","article-title":"Injuries in Rugby Union football","volume":"2","author":"Davies, J.E.; Gibson, T.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Davies, J. E. and Gibson, T., 1978 \"Injuries in Rugby Union football\". Brit.Med.Journ. 2: 1759-61.","journal-title":"Brit. Med. Journ"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)91939-4","article-title":"Delayed recovery of intellectual function after minor head injury","volume":"14","author":"Gronwall, D.; Wrightson, P.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Gronwall, D. and Wrightson, P., 1974 \"Delayed recovery of intellectual function after minor head injury\". Lancet, September 14: 605-O.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"995","article-title":"Cumulative effectsof concussion","volume":"22","author":"Gronwall, D.; Wrightion, P.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Gronwall, D. and Wrightion, P., 1975 \"Cumulative effectsof concussion\". Lancet, November 22: 995-997."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"365","article-title":"Rugby injuries to the cervical spine in Englsh schoolboys","volume":"223","author":"Hoskins, T.W.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Hoskins, T. W. 1979 \"Rugby injuries to the cervical spine in Englsh schoolboys\". Practitioner, 223: 365-66.","journal-title":"Practitioner"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"349","article-title":"Rugby injury survey, 1979","volume":"695","author":"Inglis, G.S.; Stewart, I.D.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Inglis, G. S. and Stewart, I. D., 1981 \"Rugby injury survey, 1979\". N.Z.Med.Journ. 94 (695): 349-50.","journal-title":"N. Z. Med. Journ. 94"},{"key":"ref_7","article-title":"Laws of the Game of Rugby Football, with instructions and Notes on the Laws as framed by the International Rugby Football","year":"1984","unstructured":"Laws of the Game of Rugby Football, with instructions and Notes on the Laws as framed by the International Rugby Football Board, 1984. Walker and Company, Twickenham.","journal-title":"Board"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"30","article-title":"Half a million hours of Rugby football - the injuries","volume":"15","author":"Sparks, J.P.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Sparks, J. P., 1981 \"Half a million hours of Rugby football - the injuries\". Brit.Journ.Sports Med. 15: 30.32, Weightman, Doris and Browne, R. C., 1974 \"Injuries in Association and Rugby football\". Brit.Journ.Sports Med. 8: 183-87.","journal-title":"Brit. Journ. Sports Med; Injuries in Association and Rugby football"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"1747","article-title":"Cervical spine injuries in Rugby Union football","volume":"ii:","author":"Williams, J.P.R.; McKibbin, B.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Williams, J. P. R. and McKibbin, B., 1978 \"Cervical spine injuries in Rugby Union football\". BritjMed.Journ. ii: 1747.","journal-title":"BritjMed. Journ"},{"key":"ref_10","author":"C, The C.","year":"1985","unstructured":"The C. C. Mosby Company, 1985","journal-title":"Mosby Company"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"243","article-title":"This is a","volume-title":"book resulting from a Symposium held in Denver, Colorado in April 1982, and addresses a variety of topics concerned with knee injuries. These are as diverse as the physiologic basis for athletic training; the adaptability of skeletal muscle to altered patterns of physical activity; and the current status of prosthetic anterior cruciate ligament repairs","unstructured":"This is a 243 page book resulting from a Symposium held in Denver, Colorado in April 1982, and addresses a variety of topics concerned with knee injuries. These are as diverse as the physiologic basis for athletic training; the adaptability of skeletal muscle to altered patterns of physical activity; and the current status of prosthetic anterior cruciate ligament repairs."},{"key":"ref_12","article-title":"Much of the book is specifically directed to the problem of ligament injury and repair, and the content is generally both an excellent review of previous work and clinical practice; and a good perspective of current","volume-title":"research and advances. I particularly liked the chapters on determination of patellofemoral contact pressures where one aspect of the investigation related pressures to patella geometry and found no correlation between the Wiberg, morphology and contact pressure: and, biomechanical function of knee ligaments using Buckle transducers. However it seems invidious to-highlight just these two since there are many others which are also first class","year":"1982","unstructured":"Much of the book is specifically directed to the problem of ligament injury and repair, and the content is generally both an excellent review of previous work and clinical practice; and a good perspective of current (1982) research and advances. I particularly liked the chapters on determination of patellofemoral contact pressures where one aspect of the investigation related pressures to patella geometry and found no correlation between the Wiberg, morphology and contact pressure: and, biomechanical function of knee ligaments using Buckle transducers. However it seems invidious to-highlight just these two since there are many others which are also first class."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"pages","article-title":"Hard Cover This volume","volume":"155","year":"over 200","unstructured":"Hard Cover This volume of 155 pages is the published proceedings of a small symposium held in 1981. \"This volume contains the formal presentations of the participants, the discussion among themselves, and the answers to the questions from the audience of over 200 orthopaedic surgeons\".","journal-title":"of; is the published proceedings of a small symposium held in 1981. \"This volume contains the formal presentations of the participants, the discussion among themselves, and the answers to the questions from the audience of"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.19.2.71","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T18:23:03Z","timestamp":1715624583000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.19.2.71"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,6]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjsm.19.2.71"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsm.19.2.71","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-3674","1473-0480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-3674","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-0480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,6]]}}}