{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T22:55:35Z","timestamp":1781736935980,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:bold> Over 50% of all catastrophic injuries in women\u2019s sport occur in cheerleading, but unlike other sports, no central tracking system exists.<\/jats:p>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:bold> To obtain, describe, and compare cheerleading injury data and associated factors.<\/jats:p>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:bold> Cheerleaders from randomly chosen division IA universities completed surveys designed to acquire basic information and data on injury frequency, type, and location, practice frequency and duration, and related factors.<\/jats:p>\n \n Results:<\/jats:bold> Participants (n \u200a=\u200a 440) were aged 18\u201323 (mean (SD) 20.2 (1.8)) with 6.6 (2.2) years of experience. Most respondents (78%) reported having suffered one or more career injury. Of those injured, 39.7% reported an injury within the preceding year. Respondents sustained 1.0 (0.91) injuries during the preceding year with 1.8 (2.2) days lost. Ankles (44.9%) and wrist\/hand (19.3%) were the most commonly injured. Practice frequency and duration were 205 (61.5) days a year (range 80\u2013300) and 2.8 (0.7) hours (range 1.5\u20134) respectively. Training included stretching (99.7%), endurance activities (87.1%), and weight training (92.9%).<\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Guidelines and policy governing cheerleading should be developed according to mandatory injury reporting similar to that currently used in other sports.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2004.014605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,25]],"date-time":"2005-03-25T13:22:49Z","timestamp":1111756969000},"page":"237-240","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["An assessment of injuries in college cheerleading: distribution, frequency, and associated factors"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"B H","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Redus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.1","unstructured":"George GS.(ed) American Association of Cheerleading Coaches and Advisors: cheerleading safety manual. Memphis: UCA Publications Department, 1990."},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.2","first-page":"359","volume":"63","year":"1991","journal-title":"Del Med J"},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.3","first-page":"35","volume":"27","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys Sportsmed"},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.4","unstructured":"Mueller FO, Cantu RC. National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research; 20th Annual Report Fall 1982\u00e2\u0080\u0093Spring 2003. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina, 2003."},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.5","first-page":"6","volume":"87","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Sci"},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2004.1213"},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.7","first-page":"83","volume":"25","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys Sportsmed"},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.8","first-page":"277","volume":"34","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.9","unstructured":"Mueller FO. Cheerleading injury research. Memphis: UCA Publications Department, 1993."},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.10","unstructured":"National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ). NCAA injury surveillance system. Overland Park, KS: NCAA, 1993."},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.11","unstructured":"Mueller FO, Cantu RC. National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research: 10th Annual Report. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina, 1993."},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-199404000-00001","volume":"4","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310062501","volume":"31","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025080113404980000_39.4.237.14","unstructured":"American Association of Cheerleading Coaches and Advisors (AACCA). Cheerleading safety guidelines (high school and younger) Memphis, TN: AACCA, 2000\u00e2\u0080\u00932001."}],"container-title":["British Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.2004.014605","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T20:41:00Z","timestamp":1754080860000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.2004.014605"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,25]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjsm.2004.014605"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsm.2004.014605","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-3674","1473-0480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-3674","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-0480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,25]]}}}