{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T07:19:28Z","timestamp":1768029568911,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>Neovascularisation and microcirculatory changes have been reported in Achilles tendinopathy. Cryotherapy and compression, as part of a rest, ice, compression and elevation regimen, are shown to decrease pain and improve function. However, the microcirculatory changes following a given dosage of cryotherapy on mid-portion Achilles tendon remain unclear.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Study design:<\/jats:bold>Prospective clinical cohort study, level of evidence 2.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>30 people (12 males, 33 (SD 12) years, body mass index 25.6 (5.3) kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) were included in the cohort. 3\u00d710 min KoldBlue ankle-cooling bandages were applied and microcirculation of Achilles tendon mid-portion was real-time and continuously assessed using a laser-Doppler-spectrophotometry system (O2C, Germany).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>Superficial capillary blood flow was reduced from 42 to 6, 5 and 3 relative units (rU) in the first, second and third cryotherapy periods, respectively (\u221265%, p\u200a=\u200a0.001), with no significant capillary hyperaemia. Deep capillary tendon blood flow was reduced from 180 to 82, 53 and 52 rU (\u221271%, p\u200a=\u200a0.001) within 6\u20139 min of application without hyperaemia. Superficial tendon oxygen saturation dropped significantly from 43% to 26%, 18% and 11% (p\u200a=\u200a0.001) after repetitive cryotherapy, with persisting increase of tendon oxygenation during rewarming (51%, 49% and 54%, p\u200a=\u200a0.077) up to 27% of the baseline level. At 8 mm tendon depth, cryotherapy preserved local oxygenation. Relative postcapillary venous tendon filling pressures were favourably reduced from 41 (11) to 31, 28 and 26 rU (\u221236%, p\u200a=\u200a0.001) superficially and from 56 (11) to 45, 46 and 48 rU (\u221218%, p\u200a=\u200a0.001) in deep capillary blood flow during cryotherapy, facilitating capillary venous clearance.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>Intermittent cryotherapy of 3\u00d710 min significantly decreases local Achilles tendon mid-portion capillary blood flow by 71%. Within 2 min of rewarming, tendon oxygen saturation is re-established following cryotherapy. Postcapillary venous filling pressures are reduced during cryotherapy, favouring capillary venous outflow of the healthy Achilles tendon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2006.030957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]],"date-time":"2006-12-01T01:34:12Z","timestamp":1164936852000},"page":"e4-e4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Intermittent KoldBlue cryotherapy of 3\u00d710 min changes mid-portion Achilles tendon microcirculation"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Karsten","family":"Knobloch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Grasemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Spies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter M","family":"Vogt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.1","first-page":"76","volume":"12","year":"1980","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.2","first-page":"163","volume":"4","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int Perspec Physiother"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659602400213"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-005-0648-3"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505278705"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-865623"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2006.025932"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/34\/12\/011"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-43083"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-36189"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658901700306"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.12","first-page":"1P","volume":"4","year":"2003","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/52.8.840","volume":"52","year":"1972","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2024051312554802000_41.6.e4.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1996.tb00090.x","volume":"6","year":"1996","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.2006.030957","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T19:55:58Z","timestamp":1715630158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.2006.030957"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,30]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjsm.2006.030957"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsm.2006.030957","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-3674","1473-0480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-3674","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-0480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,30]]}}}