{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T11:40:40Z","timestamp":1791114040366,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Elbow injuries constitute a sizeable percentage of tennis injuries. A basic understanding of biomechanics of tennis and analysis of the forces, loads and motions of the elbow during tennis will improve the understanding of the pathophysiology of these injuries. All different strokes in tennis have a different repetitive biomechanical nature that can result in tennis-related injuries. In this article, a biomechanically-based evaluation of tennis strokes is presented. This overview includes all tennis-related pathologies of the elbow joint, whereby the possible relation of biomechanics to pathology is analysed, followed by treatment recommendations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2007.038307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,18]],"date-time":"2007-07-18T00:30:51Z","timestamp":1184718651000},"page":"820-823","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Biomechanics of the elbow joint in tennis players and relation to pathology"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Denise","family":"Eygendaal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F Th G","family":"Rahussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R L","family":"Diercks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.1","unstructured":"Letsel Informatie Systeem 1998\u20132001. Ongevallen tijden racketsporten Amsterdam: Consument en Veiligheid 2003."},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.2","unstructured":"Pluim B Safran M . From breakpoint to advantage. Vista, California, USA: Racquet Tech Publishing, 2004."},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199104000-00021","article-title":"Valgus stability of the elbow: a definition of primary and secondary constraints.","volume":"265","author":"Morrey","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199110000-00023","article-title":"Biomechanical study of ligaments around the elbow joint.","volume":"271","author":"Regan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199410000-00004","article-title":"Clinical biomechanics of the elbow in tennis: implications for evaluation and diagnosis.","volume":"26","author":"Kibler","year":"1994","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.023150"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659502300218"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.8","first-page":"289","article-title":"Common elbow problems in the athlete.","volume":"17","author":"Andrews","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Trauma"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199274010-00009","article-title":"Medial instability of the elbow in throwing athletes.","volume":"74","author":"Conway","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657900700114"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198668080-00004","article-title":"Reconstruction of the ulnar collateral ligament in athletes.","volume":"68","author":"Jobe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.12","first-page":"257","article-title":"Elbow injuries in athletes. A review.","volume":"310","author":"Safran","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.025437"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.14","first-page":"323","article-title":"Bony injuries about the elbow in the throwing athlete.","volume":"34","author":"Andrews","year":"1985","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.15","unstructured":"Breazeale NM Dines JM Altchek DW . Chondromalacia of the humeral troclea in throwing athletes: description of a new chondral lesion with biomechanical correlation. Paper presented at American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, Vancouver 1999."},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659502300220"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197961060-00005","article-title":"Tennis elbow: the surgical treatment of lateral epicondylitis.","volume":"61","author":"Nirschl","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.73B3.1670439","article-title":"Surgical treatment of medial epicondylitis. Results in 30 elbows.","volume":"73","author":"Vangsess","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.24.7.608","article-title":"The mild cubital tunnel syndrome. Its natural history and indication for surgical intervention.","volume":"24","author":"Eisen","year":"1974","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-199809000-00004","article-title":"Compressive ulnar neuropathies at the elbow: II. Treatment.","volume":"6","author":"Posner","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.D.02989"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.22","first-page":"169","article-title":"Posterior impingement of the elbow in professional baseball players.","volume":"6","author":"Fideler","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.23","first-page":"119","article-title":"Arthroscopic treatment of posterior impingement of the elbow in NFL lineman.","volume":"2","author":"Bradley","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503263149"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(05)70243-X"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2003.09.012"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(94)90062-0"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(98)90097-3"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506290185","article-title":"The effect of tennis racket grip size on forearm muscle firing patterns.","volume":"34","author":"Hatch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"2024051313121365000_41.11.820.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/S1440-2440(03)80011-7","article-title":"Technique effects on upper limb loading in the tennis serve.","volume":"6","author":"Elliott","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.2007.038307","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T20:12:38Z","timestamp":1715631158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.2007.038307"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,17]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjsm.2007.038307"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsm.2007.038307","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-3674","1473-0480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-3674","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-0480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,17]]}}}