{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T15:19:29Z","timestamp":1772896769389,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>After a concussion, when symptoms have decreased substantially at rest, it is recommended that athletes begin light aerobic exercise before progressing to sport specific exercise. The British Columbia Concussion Rehabilitation Programme (BC-CRP) uses a standardized cognitive and exercise test protocol designed to indicate when an athlete should progress to sport-specific exercise after a concussion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To document the effects of exercise on symptom reporting in healthy, uninjured, male and female amateur athletes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quasi-experimental, pretest\u2013post-test, nonequivalent groups design.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Before the exercise protocol, 45 female and 30 male young amateur athletes completed computerized cognitive testing, symptom ratings and balance testing. The 15-minute cycle ergometry protocol, conducted at 90 revolutions\/minute, was as follows: 0\u20132 minutes at 0 W tension, 2\u20135 minutes at 50 W, 5\u20138 minutes at 100 W, 8\u201311 minutes at 150 W and 11\u201314 minutes at 200 W tension followed by a 1-minute cooling-down period. After exercise, participants completed symptom ratings, balance testing and perceived exertion ratings. Self-reported symptoms were assessed using an abbreviated version of the Post-Concussion Scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant increases in self-reported balance problems, numbness and tingling were seen for both genders after aerobic exercise. For women, emotional symptoms such as irritability, sadness, nervousness and feeling more emotional decreased significantly after aerobic exercise. Headache also decreased in the women, but no significant change was seen in the men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sex differences exist for symptom reporting after aerobic exercise. Both genders report increases in somatic symptoms, but only women report decreases in emotional symptoms. The concept of being \u201casymptomatic\u201d after exercise should be reconsidered to include expected mild increases and decreases in certain symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.051748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,13]],"date-time":"2009-01-13T01:14:09Z","timestamp":1231809249000},"page":"508-513","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Sex differences in self-reported symptoms after aerobic exercise in non-injured athletes: implications for concussion management programmes"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"M B","family":"Gaetz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G L","family":"Iverson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.018135"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marshall SW Padua D McGrath M . Incidence of ACL injuries. In: Hewett TE, Schultz SJ, Griffin LY, eds, Understanding and preventing noncontact ACL injuries. Champaign, IL. : Human Kinetics, 2007:5\u00e2\u0080\u009330.","DOI":"10.5040\/9781718209725.ch-001"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0838.2000.010002090.x"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.046185"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506286866"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504265678"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508320805"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504271986"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2005.00439.x"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"September AV Cook J Handley CJ . Variants within the COL5A1 gene are associated with Achilles tendinopathy in two populations. Br J Sport Med 2009;43:357\u00e2\u0080\u009365.","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.048793"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raleigh SM van der Merwe Ribbans WJ . Variants within the MMP3 gene are associated with Achilles tendinopathy: Possible interaction with the COL5A1 gene. Br J Sports Med 2009;43:514\u00e2\u0080\u009320.","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.053892"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-007-0395-9"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.13","first-page":"199","article-title":"Ligament structure, physiology and function.","volume":"4","author":"Frank","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890109002055","article-title":"Collagens and collagen-related diseases.","volume":"33","author":"Myllyharju","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(03)00087-5"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10347","article-title":"A COL1A1 Sp1 binding site polymorphism predisposes to osteoporotic fracture by affecting bone density and quality.","volume":"107","author":"Mann","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21011"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2143\/AC.61.3.2014835"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2005.033225"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.07.034"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/19.19.5444"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2007.12.006"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collins M Posthumus M Schwellnus MP . The COL1A1 gene and acute soft tissue ruptures. Br J Sports Med Published Online First: 4 February 2009. doi:10.1136\/bjsm.2008.056184.","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.056184"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-199407000-00004","article-title":"Assessing causation in sport injury: a multifactorial model.","volume":"4","author":"Meeuwisse","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"2024051313374015000_43.7.508.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200302000-00034"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.2008.051748","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T20:37:51Z","timestamp":1715632671000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.2008.051748"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,12]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjsm.2008.051748"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsm.2008.051748","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-3674","1473-0480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-3674","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-0480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,12]]}}}