{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T16:08:02Z","timestamp":1767888482674,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to verify the timing of triggering in relation to the cardiac cycle in shooting. The test subjects were six Finnish rifle and pistol champions as well as three beginners at shooting. The electrical activity of the trigger finger muscle (m. flexor digitorum superficialis; surface electrodes) and the heart cycle were fed into a two-channel x-t recorder. The movements of the gun were recorded using a laser technique and, at the same time, cardiac cycles were also monitored. Results showed that the champion shooters triggered during diastole whereas the beginners triggered both during diastole and systole. The results of those beginners triggering during diastole were better than those triggering during systole.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.21.1.33","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,16]],"date-time":"2008-12-16T00:55:24Z","timestamp":1229388924000},"page":"33-36","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Timing of the triggering action of shooting in relation to the cardiac cycle."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Helin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Sihvonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O","family":"H\u00e4nninen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1987,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","article-title":"Sensory and perceptual determinants of voluntary visceral control","volume-title":"Biofeedback theory and research","author":"Brener, J.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Brener, J., 1977 \"Sensory and perceptual determinants of voluntary visceral control\". In G. Schwartz and J. Beatty (Eds.), Biofeedback theory and research. New York: Academic Press."},{"key":"ref_2","article-title":"Textbook of medical physiology, the sixth edition","author":"Guyton, A.C.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Guyton, A. C., 1981. Textbook of medical physiology, the sixth edition. Philadelphia-London-Toronto: W. B. Saunders Co."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"542","article-title":"1985 \"Tension levels at teaching test and its control by relaxation training\"","volume":"124","author":"Helin, P.; Hanninen, O.","unstructured":"Helin, P. and Hanninen, O., 1985 \"Tension levels at teaching test and its control by relaxation training\". Acta Physiol.Scand. 124: 542.","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"620","article-title":"Respiratory sinusarrythmia in humans: how breathing pattern modulates heart rate","volume":"241","author":"Hirsch, J.A.; Bishop, B.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hirsch, J. A. and Bishop, B., 1981 \"Respiratory sinusarrythmia in humans: how breathing pattern modulates heart rate\". Am.J.Physiol. 241: 620-629.","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"480","article-title":"1985 \"Cardiac awareness in infarct and normal\"","volume":"22","author":"Jones, G.E.; Jones, K.R.; Cunningham, R.A.; Caldwell, J.A.","unstructured":"Jones, G. E., Jones, K. R., Cunningham, R. A. and Caldwell, J. A., 1985 \"Cardiac awareness in infarct and normal\". Psychophysiology 22: 480-487.","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"568","article-title":"The effect of psychologically induced arousal on accuracy of heartbeat selfperception","volume":"19","author":"Katkin, E.S.; Blascovich, J.; Reed, S.; Adamec, J.; Jones, J.; Taublieb, A.B.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Katkin, E. S., Blascovich, J., Reed, S., Adamec, J., Jones, J. and Taublieb, A. B., 1982 \"The effect of psychologically induced arousal on accuracy of heartbeat selfperception\" (Abstract). Psychophysiology 19: 568.","journal-title":"(Abstract). Psychophysiology"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0511(84)90022-X","article-title":"The effect of physical fitness and exercise on cardiac awareness","volume":"18","author":"Montgomery, W.A.; Jones, G.E.; Hollandsworth, J.E.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Montgomery, W. A., Jones, G. E. and Hollandsworth, J. E., 1984 \"The effect of physical fitness and exercise on cardiac awareness\". Biological Psychology 18: 11-22.","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"65","article-title":"Fully rectified, integrated, band (FRIB-) EMG analysis in quantifying muscle activity. Development of a new field equipment","volume":"537","year":"1984","unstructured":"Remes, A., Rauhala, E. and Hanninen, 0., 1984 \"Fully rectified, integrated, band (FRIB-) EMG analysis in quantifying muscle activity. Development of a new field equipment\". Acta Physiol.Scand. 537: 65-70.","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand"},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"Suomen Ampujainliitto (Finnish Shooting Federation)","volume-title":"Ampumakoulu (Shooting school). Suomen Ampujainliitto ry","year":"1985","unstructured":"Suomen Ampujainliitto (Finnish Shooting Federation), 1985. Ampumakoulu (Shooting school). Suomen Ampujainliitto ry."}],"container-title":["British Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.21.1.33","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T22:11:01Z","timestamp":1715638261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.21.1.33"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987,3]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1987,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjsm.21.1.33"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsm.21.1.33","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-3674","1473-0480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-3674","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-0480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1987,3]]}}}