{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T22:22:20Z","timestamp":1790461340390,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":1,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVES: An 18 month prospective injury survey was conducted on 64 Australian elite and subelite female gymnasts. The aims were to determine the rate of injury, anatomical location, and types of injury incurred by female competitive gymnasts, and to compare the findings with data collected retrospectively from the same sample of gymnasts. METHODS: The gymnasts recorded (weekly) in an injury record booklet the number of hours trained and information on any injuries suffered over that week. RESULTS: The sample reported 349 injuries, a rate of 5.45 per person (6.29 for the elite and 4.95 for subelite gymnasts) over the 18 month survey. Injuries to the ankle and foot (31.2%) were the most commonly reported, followed by the lower back (14.9%). The most prevalent type of injury were sprains (29.7%), followed by strains (23.2%), and growth plate injuries (12.3%). The elite gymnasts reported that, for each injury, they missed fewer training sessions (p = 0.01), but modified more sessions (p = 0.0001) than their subelite counterparts. Further, the elite gymnasts spent 21.0% of the year training at less than full capacity because of injury. Although a significantly higher number of injuries were recorded in the prospective study (p = 0.0004), no differences were found between the distribution of injury by anatomical location or type between the two methods of data collection. CONCLUSIONS: The findings have important implications in terms of training procedures and periodic screening of gymnasts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.33.5.312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,31]],"date-time":"2008-12-31T18:10:53Z","timestamp":1230747053000},"page":"312-318","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":170,"title":["Epidemiology of injury in elite and subelite female gymnasts: a comparison of retrospective and prospective findings."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"G S","family":"Kolt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R J","family":"Kirkby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","article-title":"years), who were training between 29 and 36 hours (mean (SD) 33.3 (2.4)) a week, and 40 \u201csubelite\u201d gymnasts (mean (SD) age 14.4 (1.6) years), who were training between 4 and 25 hours (mean (SD) 16.8 (4.5)) a week. The elite gymnasts, subjects who had been identified by the Australian Gymnastic Federation as potential candidates for the national team, in particular, the 1996 and 2000 Olympic Games, were training at \u201chigh performance training centres\u201d set up by the state sports institutes and Australian Gymnastic Federation at several locations around the country. Most gymnasts in this group had high national rankings and included members of national teams. The subelite gymnasts were those who were competing at a state and national championship level, but in a stream that excluded the elite gymnasts. Participants in this study were drawn from 17 training centres (seven elite and 10 subelite, and involving 23 coaches) spread through five mainland states and one territory of Australia","unstructured":"years), who were training between 29 and 36 hours (mean (SD) 33.3 (2.4)) a week, and 40 \u201csubelite\u201d gymnasts (mean (SD) age 14.4 (1.6) years), who were training between 4 and 25 hours (mean (SD) 16.8 (4.5)) a week. The elite gymnasts, subjects who had been identified by the Australian Gymnastic Federation as potential candidates for the national team, in particular, the 1996 and 2000 Olympic Games, were training at \u201chigh performance training centres\u201d set up by the state sports institutes and Australian Gymnastic Federation at several locations around the country. Most gymnasts in this group had high national rankings and included members of national teams. The subelite gymnasts were those who were competing at a state and national championship level, but in a stream that excluded the elite gymnasts. Participants in this study were drawn from 17 training centres (seven elite and 10 subelite, and involving 23 coaches) spread through five mainland states and one territory of Australia."}],"container-title":["British Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.33.5.312","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T21:05:40Z","timestamp":1754082340000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.33.5.312"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"references-count":1,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjsm.33.5.312"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsm.33.5.312","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-3674","1473-0480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-3674","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-0480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}}}