{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T03:05:15Z","timestamp":1791947115960,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Objectives<\/jats:italic>\u2014To evaluate the changes produced in both the isocapnic buffering and hypocapnic hyperventilation (HHV) phases of professional cyclists (n = 11) in response to endurance training, and to compare the results with those of amateur cyclists (n = 11).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\u2014Each professional cyclist performed three laboratory exercise tests to exhaustion during the active rest (autumn: November), precompetition (winter: January), and competition (spring: May) periods of the sports season. Amateur cyclists only performed one exercise test during the competition period. The isocapnic buffering and HHV ranges were calculated during each test and defined as V<jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                  <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and power output (W).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\u2014No significant differences were found in the isocapnic buffering range in each of the periods of the sports season in professional cyclists. In contrast, there was a significant reduction in the HHV range (expressed in W) during both the competition (p&lt;0.01) and precompetition(p&lt;0.05) periods compared with the rest period. On the other hand, a longer HHV range (p&lt;0.01) was observed in amateur cyclists than in professional cyclists (whether this was expressed in terms of V<jats:sc>o<\/jats:sc>\n                  <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> or W).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\u2014No change is observed in the isocapnic buffering range of professional cyclists throughout a sports season despite a considerable increase in training loads and a significant reduction in HHV range expressed in terms of power output.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.34.6.450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T06:32:32Z","timestamp":1027751552000},"page":"450-455","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Effects of endurance training on the isocapnic buffering and hypocapnic hyperventilation phases in professional cyclists"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 L","family":"Chicharro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Hoyos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Luc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.1","first-page":"93","volume":"23","year":"1991","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-971928","volume":"19","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.3","first-page":"167","volume":"20","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199906000-00017","volume":"31","year":"1999","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00428962"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198806000-00006"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210050119"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00843741"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.60.2.472","volume":"60","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.81.1.14","volume":"81","year":"1990","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.11","first-page":"123","volume":"26","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2622","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.64.6.2622","volume":"64","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210050269"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.7600\/jspfsm1949.47.43","volume":"47","year":"1998","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.15","first-page":"63","volume":"9","year":"1999","journal-title":"Jpn J Physiol"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210050546","volume":"79","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.33.3.178","volume":"33","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025080114171043000_34.6.450.18","unstructured":"American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). 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