{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T12:44:20Z","timestamp":1791117860942,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>\u2014To quantify the prevalence of osteoarthritis and the severity of pain in the lower limb joints of players retired from English professional soccer.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Method<\/jats:italic>\u2014An anonymous self administered questionnaire was distributed to 500 former players registered with the English Professional Footballers' Association. The questionnaire was designed to gather information on personal details, physical activity loading patterns, history of lower limb joint injury, and current medical condition of the lower limb joints.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\u2014Of 500 questionnaires distributed, 185 (37%) were returned. Nearly half of the respondents (79: 47%) retired because of injury; 42% (33) were acute injuries and 58% (46) chronic injuries. Most of the acute injuries that led to early retirement were of the knee (15: 46%), followed by the ankle (7: 21%) and lower back (5: 15%). Most of the chronic injuries that led to early retirement were also of the knee (17: 37%), followed by the lower back (10: 22%) and the hip (4: 9%). Of all respondents, 32% (59) had been medically diagnosed with osteoarthritis in at least one of the lower limb joints. More respondents had been diagnosed with osteoarthritis in the knee joints than either the ankle or the hip joints. Significantly (p&lt;0.001) more respondents reported pain in one lower extremity joint during one or more daily activities than those who did not (joint pain: 137, 80%; no joint pain: 35, 20%).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\u2014The risk for professional soccer players of osteoarthritis in at least one of the lower extremity joints is very high and significantly greater than for the general population. The results support the suggestion that professional soccer players should be provided with health surveillance during their playing career.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.35.6.402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:32:19Z","timestamp":1027765939000},"page":"402-408","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":282,"title":["Propensity for osteoarthritis and lower limb joint pain in retired professional soccer players"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Drawer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C W","family":"Fuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.29.1.5"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.31.2.148"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.3","unstructured":"Windsor Insurance Brokers Limited. Investigation into career ending incidents to professional footballers in England and Wales, from 1987\/88 to 1994\/95. London: Windsor Insurance, 1997."},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.33.3.196"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roos H. Are there long-term sequelae from soccer? In: Mandelbaum BR, Garrett WE, Kirkendall DT, eds. Clinics in sports medicine: soccer injuries. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1998:819\u201334..","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(05)70122-8"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.6","first-page":"176","volume":"55","year":"1966","journal-title":"Ann Chir Gynaecol Fenn"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107687907200307"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.8","first-page":"925","volume":"57","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-198508000-00005"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100322"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659402200211"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453679308994561"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100206"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6923.231"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.15","unstructured":"IIAC. Disorders of the knee. London: HMSO, 1995."},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380413"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-972693"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.18","first-page":"16","volume":"18","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.19","unstructured":"Reilly T, Howe T. Injury prevention and rehabilitation. In: Reilly T, ed. Science and soccer. London: E & FN Spon, 1996:151\u201364."},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9406(10)62366-8","volume":"75","year":"1989","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.21","first-page":"19","volume":"1","year":"1994","journal-title":"SportCare Journal"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003693309504000107"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.23","first-page":"34","volume":"6","year":"1999","journal-title":"European Journal for Sport Management"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.32.2.140"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-7535(97)00058-1","volume":"27","year":"1997","journal-title":"Safety Science"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.26","unstructured":"Storey DJ. Understanding the small business sector. London: Routledge, 1994."},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.34.5.332"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.17.4.388"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.25.1.1"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.30","unstructured":"Royal College of General Practitioners. Morbidity statistics from general practice. 3rd National Morbidity Survey 1981\u20132. London: HMSO, 1988."},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.55.9.680"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.51.10.1105"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5604.525"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453677708989742"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.35","unstructured":"Larson M, Pearl AJ, Jaffet R, et al. Soccer. In: Caine DJ, Caine CG, Lindner KJ, eds. Epidemiology of sports injuries. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1996:387\u201398."},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.17.2.88"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/33.3.267"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.38","first-page":"30","volume":"24","year":"1994","journal-title":"Aktuelle Traumatol"},{"key":"2024051400461054000_35.6.402.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780290816"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.35.6.402","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T07:53:18Z","timestamp":1715673198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsm.35.6.402"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjsm.35.6.402"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsm.35.6.402","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-3674","1473-0480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-3674","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-0480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]}}}