{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:32:28Z","timestamp":1790735548013,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":178,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"23","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hamstring injuries are common in elite sports. Muscle injury classification systems aim to provide a framework for diagnosis. The British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification (BAMIC) describes an MRI classification system with clearly defined, anatomically focused classes based on the site of injury: (a) myofascial, (b) muscle\u2013tendon junction or (c) intratendinous; and the extent of the injury, graded from 0 to 4. However, there are no clinical guidelines that link the specific diagnosis (as above) with a focused rehabilitation plan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We present an overview of the general principles of, and rationale for, exercise-based hamstring injury rehabilitation in British Athletics. We describe how British Athletics clinicians use the BAMIC to help manage elite track and field athletes with hamstring injury. Within each class of injury, we discuss four topics: clinical presentation, healing physiology, how we prescribe and progress rehabilitation and how we make the shared decision to return to full training. We recommend a structured and targeted diagnostic and rehabilitation approach to improve outcomes after hamstring injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]],"date-time":"2019-07-12T17:25:26Z","timestamp":1562952326000},"page":"1464-1473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":123,"title":["Hamstring rehabilitation in elite track and field athletes: applying the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification in clinical practice"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7205-3721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben","family":"Macdonald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"McAleer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Chakraverty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noel","family":"Pollock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510395879"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.018135"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.36.1.39"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095359"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095559"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2118-z"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-093302"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0647-1","article-title":"Muscle injuries in sports: a new evidence-informed and expert consensus-based classification with clinical application","volume":"47","author":"Valle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091448"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-092092"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2015.08.009","article-title":"British athletics muscle injury classification: a reliability study for a new grading system","volume":"70","author":"Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2017.02.010","article-title":"Intra- and interrater reliability of three different MRI grading and classification systems after acute hamstring injuries","volume":"89","author":"Wangensteen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094657"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095136"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506294679"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738111403107"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512463679"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097659"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2010.07.003"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2010.3047"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092165"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2014.12.009","article-title":"Rehabilitation of acute hamstring strain injuries","volume":"34","author":"Sherry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2013.4452"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001241","article-title":"A multifactorial, Criteria-based progressive algorithm for hamstring injury treatment","volume":"49","author":"Mendiguchia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2004.34.3.116"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-093214"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096790"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pedret C , Rodas G , Balius R , et al . Return to play after soleus muscle injuries. Orthop J Sports Med 2015;3.doi:10.1177\/2325967115595802","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967115595802"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crema MD , Guermazi A , Reurink G , et al . Can a clinical examination demonstrate intramuscular tendon involvement in acute hamstring injuries? Orthop J Sports Med 2017;5.doi:10.1177\/2325967117733434","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967117733434"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-093900"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.054239"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-093222"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-014-1810-3"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31823dbff3"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.138594"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-17-0008"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.21005"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096209"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-007-0549-x"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12494"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31828fd3e7"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31825c2f38"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2012.03.012"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318236a3d2"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0316"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2017.1375548","article-title":"Differences in hamstring activation characteristics between the acceleration and maximum-speed phases of sprinting","volume":"36","author":"Higashihara","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2014.973913","article-title":"Relationship between the peak time of hamstring stretch and activation during sprinting","volume":"16","author":"Higashihara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Sport Sci"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515626538"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2007.09.003"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1466-853X(03)00053-1"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0097-y"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181a55200"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12464","article-title":"The biomechanics of running in athletes with previous hamstring injury: a case-control study","volume":"26","author":"Daly","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1080\/14763140701489728","article-title":"Differences in technique between sprinters and distance runners at equal and maximal speeds","volume":"6","author":"Bushnell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sports Biomech"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-012-2379-8"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1519\/SSC.0b013e31821e2f71","article-title":"Hamstring strains: basic science and clinical research applications for preventing the recurrent injury","volume":"33","author":"Sherry","year":"2011","journal-title":"Strength Cond J"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2313","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2016.1266018","article-title":"Is there really an eccentric action of the hamstrings during the swing phase of high-speed running? Part I: a critical review of the literature","volume":"35","author":"Van Hooren","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Macdonald B , O\u2019Neill J , Pollock N , et al . The single-leg Roman chair hold is more effective than the Nordic hamstring curl in improving hamstring strength-endurance in Gaelic footballers with previous hamstring injury. J Strength Cond Res 2018.doi:10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002526","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002526"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000176674.42929.de"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3182084929"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2010.03.006"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508316764"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.056283"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500116"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515599633"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000465"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van DN , Behan FP , Whiteley R . Including the Nordic hamstring exercise in injury prevention programmes halves the rate of hamstring injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 8459 athletes. Br J Sports Med 2019.","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-100045"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511419277"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515574057"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3182776eff"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-008-0546-0"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000795"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000507"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095362"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2011-090474"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-47.4.04","article-title":"Influence of hip-flexion angle on hamstrings isokinetic activity in sprinters","volume":"47","author":"Guex","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.77","first-page":"49","article-title":"Muscle activation of the torso during the modified razor curl hamstring exercise","volume":"7","author":"Oliver","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guex K , Degache F , Morisod C , et al . Hamstring architectural and functional adaptations following long vs. short muscle length eccentric training. Front Physiol 2016;7.doi:10.3389\/fphys.2016.00340","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00340"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0796-x","article-title":"An evidence-based framework for strengthening exercises to prevent hamstring injury","volume":"48","author":"Bourne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096130"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12925","article-title":"Hamstring injury prevention in soccer: before or after training?","volume":"28","author":"Lovell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13085","article-title":"The effect of Nordic hamstring exercise training volume on biceps femoris long head architectural adaptation","volume":"28","author":"Presland","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2007.05.026"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1361"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.22.2.131","article-title":"Biomechanical behavior of muscle-tendon complex during dynamic human movements","volume":"22","author":"Fukashiro","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Appl Biomech"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2005.10.035"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2002.002352"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505286022"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.74.2.520","article-title":"Muscle damage is not a function of muscle force but active muscle strain","volume":"74","author":"Lieber","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12171"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1123\/JAB.2013-0300","article-title":"Isolated hamstrings fatigue alters hip and knee joint coordination during a cutting maneuver","volume":"31","author":"Samaan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Appl Biomech"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508314413"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318194df5c"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.018697"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11594800-000000000-00000"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512462809"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-015-3325-3","article-title":"Nordic hamstring exercise training alters knee joint kinematics and hamstring activation patterns in young men","volume":"116","author":"Delahunt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1050-6411(00)00031-6"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-094386"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000000556","article-title":"Evidence of altered corticomotor excitability following targeted activation of gluteus maximus training in healthy individuals","volume":"27","author":"Fisher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099616"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0819-7","article-title":"Hamstring injury prevention practices in elite sport: evidence for eccentric strength vs. Lumbo-Pelvic training","volume":"48","author":"Shield","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-012-0243-7"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200307150-00022"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2016.1231837","article-title":"The three-dimensional kinetic behaviour of the pelvic rotation in maximal sprint running","volume":"16","author":"Sado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sports Biomech"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2012.01.010"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2014.10.011","article-title":"Effects of external pelvic compression on electromyographic activity of the hamstring muscles during unipedal stance in sportsmen with and without hamstring injuries","volume":"20","author":"Arumugam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200201000-00003","article-title":"Hip muscle imbalance and low back pain in athletes: influence of core strengthening","volume":"34","author":"Nadler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2017.08.001","article-title":"An investigation into the immediate effects of pelvic taping on hamstring eccentric force in an elite male sprinter - A case report","volume":"28","author":"Macdonald","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e318280aabb","article-title":"Lumbopelvic neuromuscular training and injury rehabilitation: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Briggs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2015.02.004","article-title":"Reproducibility of a battery of commonly used clinical tests to evaluate lumbopelvic motor control","volume":"16","author":"Habets","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2013.4310"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2009.03.007"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860050206"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2009.10.001"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2003.011346"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001897","article-title":"Effects of myofascial release in nonspecific chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"42","author":"Arguisuelas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2012.01.006"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2010.03.012","article-title":"Immediate effects of a high-velocity spine manipulation in paraspinal muscles activity of nonspecific chronic low-back pain subjects","volume":"15","author":"Bicalho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000981","article-title":"Do participants with low back pain who respond to spinal manipulative therapy differ biomechanically from nonresponders, untreated controls or asymptomatic controls?","volume":"40","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2008.10.054"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2003.09.024","article-title":"H-reflex latency and nerve root tension sign correlation in fluoroscopically guided, contrast-confirmed, translaminar lumbar epidural steroid-bupivacaine injections","volume":"85","author":"Stretanski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orchard J . An exploration of fluoroscopically guided spinal steroid injections in patients with non-specific exercise-related lower-limb pain. Open Access J Sports Med 2010.doi:10.2147\/OAJSM.S10622","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJSM.S10622"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.046722"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2005.00441.x"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2008.2575"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-103016","article-title":"Prone hip extension muscle recruitment is associated with hamstring injury risk in amateur soccer","volume":"38","author":"Schuermans","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.128","first-page":"71","article-title":"Anterior femoroacetabular impingement: a diverse disease with evolving treatment options","volume":"27","author":"Zebala","year":"2007","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096743"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2009.02.008"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511414635"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2013.10.019","article-title":"The pelvifemoral rhythm in cam-type femoroacetabular impingement","volume":"29","author":"Van Houcke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Biomech"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199404000-00018","article-title":"Effect of body build on weight-training-induced adaptations in body composition and muscular strength","volume":"26","author":"Van Etten","year":"1994","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.134","first-page":"964","article-title":"Variability in muscle size and strength gain after unilateral resistance training","volume":"37","author":"Hubal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31816357d4","article-title":"Significant strength gains observed in rugby players after specific resistance exercise protocols based on individual salivary testosterone responses","volume":"22","author":"Beaven","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00934.2010"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahtiainen JP , Walker S , Peltonen H , et al . Heterogeneity in resistance training-induced muscle strength and mass responses in men and women of different ages. Age 2016;38.doi:10.1007\/s11357-015-9870-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-015-9870-1"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.138","first-page":"127","article-title":"The fascia: the forgotten structure","volume":"116","author":"Stecco","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ital J Anat Embryol"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-012-0190-z"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12165","article-title":"Wound healing in acutely injured fascia","volume":"22 Suppl 1","author":"Lau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z\u00fcgel M , Maganaris CN , Wilke J , et al . Fascial tissue research in sports medicine: from molecules to tissue adaptation, injury and diagnostics: consensus statement. Br J Sports Med 2018;52.doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099308","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099308"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800680219"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-010-1265-3"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097616"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510366423"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505274714"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.147","first-page":"1629","article-title":"Lower limb joint kinetics in the starting blocks and first stance in athletic sprinting","volume":"35","author":"Brazil","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2015.1024717","article-title":"The effect of the bend on technique and performance during maximal effort sprinting","volume":"14","author":"Churchill","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sports Biomech"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.2013-0072","article-title":"Metatarsophalangeal joint function during sprinting: a comparison of barefoot and sprint spike shod foot conditions","volume":"30","author":"Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Appl Biomech"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2011-090155"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-095974"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-100290","article-title":"Individual muscle use in hamstring exercises by soccer players assessed using functional MRI","volume":"37","author":"Fernandez-Gonzalo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000598","article-title":"Regional differences in muscle activation during hamstrings exercise","volume":"29","author":"Schoenfeld","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095739"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-013-2713-9"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13381","article-title":"Razor hamstring curl and Nordic hamstring exercise architectural adaptations: impact of exercise selection and intensity","volume":"29","author":"Pollard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000000966"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2015.1010107","article-title":"Neuromuscular, physiological and endocrine responses to a maximal speed training session in elite games players","volume":"15","author":"Johnston","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Sport Sci"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200434010-00005"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3098","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001423","article-title":"The neuromuscular, biochemical, and endocrine responses to a Single-Session vs. Double-Session training day in elite athletes","volume":"30","author":"Johnston","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2013.4837"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507303563"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2011-090534"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2014.5433"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2007.09.007"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.166","unstructured":"Liu SH , Yang RS , al-Shaikh R , et al . Collagen in tendon, ligament, and bone healing. A current review. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1995;(318):265\u201378."},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.21041"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00003677-200607000-00008"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095445"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095679"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12719","article-title":"Individual and combined effects of acute and chronic running loads on injury risk in elite Australian footballers","volume":"27","author":"Murray","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Windt J , Gabbett TJ . The workload\u2014injury aetiology model. Br J Sports Med 2017;51.doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096653","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096653"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000150078.79120.C8"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13308","article-title":"Interactions between fascicles and tendinous tissues in gastrocnemius medialis and vastus lateralis during drop landing","volume":"29","author":"Hollville","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0667-x","article-title":"Criteria for progressing rehabilitation and determining Return-to-Play clearance following hamstring strain injury: a systematic review","volume":"47","author":"Hickey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bohm S , Mersmann F , Arampatzis A . Human tendon adaptation in response to mechanical loading: a systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise intervention studies on healthy adults. Sports Med Open 2015;1.doi:10.1186\/s40798-015-0009-9","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-015-0009-9"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2010.43"},{"key":"2024100707200759000_53.23.1464.178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reurink G , Goudswaard GJ , Tol JL , et al . MRI observations at return to play of clinically recovered hamstring injuries. Br J Sports Med 2014;48.doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092450","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092450"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098971","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T10:21:34Z","timestamp":1728296494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098971"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]]},"references-count":178,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098971"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098971","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-3674","1473-0480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-3674","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-0480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]]}}}