{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:36:02Z","timestamp":1787016962961,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"14","funder":[{"name":"New Zealand Rugby","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007032","name":"Lincoln University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Yokohama Minami Kyousai Hospital Sports Medicine Center","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RugbySmart is a safe tackle technique education programme. Our objective was to identify whether the RugbySmart-recommended safe tackle technique was exhibited by club rugby players and whether tackle-related injuries showed poor tackle technique characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prospective cohort design enabled 28 senior club based amateur male rugby union players from New Zealand to be followed over 18 matches in the 2017 rugby season. Game video analysis by three analysts provided categorisation of tackle technique into type, approach, foot contact, leading foot and rear foot position, face and head position. Injuries were diagnosed by the same sports medicine physician.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the 18 matches, 28 players completed a combined total of 3006 tackles, with only six tackle-related injuries sustained. Notable findings included: (1) forwards complete more tackles than backs; (2) shoulder tackles were the most prevalent tackle; (3) good tackle technique as promoted by RugbySmart was demonstrated in 57.9% of all tackles and (4) of the six tackle-related injuries, two occurred despite RugbySmart desired tackle techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first study to investigate whether players were performing the recommended \u2018safe tackle technique\u2019 proposed by New Zealand Rugby\u2019s RugbySmart programme. As two of six tackle-related injuries occurred despite the RugbySmart preferred technique being performed, further technique analysis and a larger sample are needed to determine what techniques reduce risk of injury during tackles. As only 57.9% of tackles were performed with RugbySmart head and foot positions, further research and education regarding tackle technique recommendations are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T13:52:25Z","timestamp":1642513945000},"page":"778-784","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Profiling the tackle and its injury characteristics in premier New Zealand club rugby union players over a complete season"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Sohei","family":"Takamori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7941-8554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael John","family":"Hamlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doug","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1847-8128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patria A","family":"Hume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Tachikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryuta","family":"Koyanagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508316768"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2014.905982","article-title":"Tackler characteristics associated with tackle performance in rugby Union","volume":"14","author":"Hendricks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Sport Sci"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0078-1"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyh346"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.5","unstructured":"Quarrie KL . RugbySmart: the development, delivery and evaluation of a nationwide injury prevention programme. Auckland University of Technology, 2008."},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2008.01.002"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097895"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095295"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sobue S , Kawasaki T , Hasegawa Y . Tackler\u2019s head position relative to the ball carrier is highly correlated with head and neck injuries in rugby. Br J Sports Med 2017:bjsports-2017-098135.doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098135","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098135"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1260\/174795407783359731"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1260\/174795409790291402"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.050864"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181c07b5b"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.14","unstructured":"New Zealand Rugby Union . Tackle technique. secondary tackle technique, 2018. Available: https:\/\/www.rugbysmart.co.nz\/improving-performance\/tackle-technique\/ [Accessed 9 Oct 2021]."},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410410001730188"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2006.033282"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31818cb278"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.18","first-page":"64","article-title":"Sports-related concussion, mild traumatic brain injury or sport-originated brain injury (SOBI): a more useful term","volume":"45","author":"Hume","year":"2019","journal-title":"NZ J Sports Med"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2007.037499"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1080\/24748668.2012.11868616","article-title":"A statistical analysis of tackling performance during international rugby Union matches from 2011","volume":"12","author":"van Rooyen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Perform Anal Sport"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2012.738710","article-title":"Characteristics of an 'effective' tackle outcome in Six Nations rugby","volume":"14","author":"van Rooyen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Sport Sci"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2016.1193630","article-title":"Risks associated with significant head impact events in elite rugby Union","volume":"30","author":"Tierney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2015.1046192","article-title":"Contact technique and concussions in the South African under-18 Coca-Cola Craven week rugby tournament","volume":"15","author":"Hendricks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Sport Sci"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-093381"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.046672"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094982"},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.27","unstructured":"King D , Hume P , Clark TN . Incidence of match injuries in an amateur women\u2019s rugby union team in New Zealand over two consecutive seasons. Adv Ortho and Sports Med 2020:1\u201312."},{"key":"2024051415022159000_56.14.778.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2011.552516"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104868","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T18:25:56Z","timestamp":1715711156000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104868"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104868"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104868","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-3674","1473-0480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-3674","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-0480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]}}}