{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T00:01:49Z","timestamp":1793836909514,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the construct validity (structural validity and hypothesis testing), reliability (test\u2013retest reliability, measurement error and internal consistency) and minimal important change (MIC) of the 13-item TENDINopathy Severity assessment\u2013Achilles (TENDINS-A).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants with Achilles pain completed an online survey including: demographics, TENDINS-A, Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment\u2013Achilles (VISA-A). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) assessed dimensionality. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) assessed structural validity (root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA); Comparative Fit Index (CFI); Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI); standardised root measure square (SRMS)). Correlations between TENDINS-A and the FAOS or VISA-A assessed hypothesis testing. Intraclass correlation (ICC) assessed test\u2013retest reliability. Cronbach\u2019s alpha assessed internal consistency. SE of the measurement (SEM) assessed measurement error. A distribution-based approach assessed MIC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>79 participants (51% female) with a mean (SD) age=42.6 (13.0) years, height=175.0 (11.7) cm and body mass=82.0 (19.1) kg were included. EFA identified three meaningful factors, proposed as pain, symptoms and function. The best model identified using CFA for TENDINS-A had structural validity (RMSEA=0.101, CFI=0.959, TLI=0.947, SRMS=0.068), which included three factors (pain, symptoms and function), but excluded three items from the original TENDINS-A. TENDINS-A exhibited moderate positive correlation with FAOS (r=0.598, p&lt;0.001) and a moderate negative correlation with VISA-A (r=\u22120.639, p&lt;0.001). Reliability of the TENDINS-A was excellent (ICC=0.930; Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1=0.808; SEM=6.54 units), with an MIC of 12 units.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our evaluation of the revised 10-item TENDINS-A determined it has construct validity and excellent reliability, compared with the VISA-A and FAOS which lack content and construct validity. The TENDINS-A is recommended as the preferred patient-reported outcome measure to assess disability in people with Achilles tendinopathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-107741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T13:20:29Z","timestamp":1712236829000},"page":"665-673","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["TENDINopathy Severity assessment\u2013Achilles (TENDINS-A): evaluation of reliability and validity in accordance with COSMIN recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6068-1096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myles Calder","family":"Murphy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fergus","family":"McCleary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Hince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0514-739X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth","family":"Chimenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Chivers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Turner","family":"Vosseller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3524-0245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia","family":"Nimphius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4982-0662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nonhlanhla Sharon","family":"Mkumbuzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Malliaras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Maffulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0372-0188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert-Jan","family":"de Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebonie Kendra","family":"Rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024081514201736000_58.12.665.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-100885"},{"key":"2024081514201736000_58.12.665.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-018-0932-2"},{"key":"2024081514201736000_58.12.665.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099934"},{"key":"2024081514201736000_58.12.665.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2023.03.007","article-title":"Epidemiology of insertional and midportion achilles tendinopathy in runners: a prospective cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"key":"2024081514201736000_58.12.665.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03262301"},{"key":"2024081514201736000_58.12.665.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-0885-2","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of lower extremity tendinopathy in a Dutch general practice population: a cross sectional study","volume":"17","author":"Albers","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2024081514201736000_58.12.665.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-100894"},{"key":"2024081514201736000_58.12.665.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.26603\/ijspt20180537","article-title":"Evaluating the progress of mid-portion achilles tendinopathy during rehabilitation. 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