{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T12:28:34Z","timestamp":1793881714083,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":136,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"22","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003965","name":"International Olympic Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003965","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Examine the effectiveness and unintended consequences of prevention strategies for reducing female\/woman\/girl athletes\u2019 lower extremity (LE) injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review with meta-analyses and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic search of eight data sources.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Eligibility<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary data studies with a comparison group(s) investigating injury prevention strategies for sport-related LE injuries with \u22651 female\/woman\/girl in each study group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Across 82 studies\u2014including 48 randomised controlled trials (59%), 16 quasiexperimental studies (20%), 16 cohort studies (20%) and 1 cross-sectional study (1%)\u2014a total of 154\u2009561 participants were included, of whom 84\u2009915 (55%) were females\/women\/girls. Neuromuscular training (NMT)-based programmes (n=60, 73%) were the most frequently studied intervention, followed by personal protective equipment (PPE) (n=9, 11%), policy\/rule change (n=4, 5%) and education (n=6, 7%). The median Downs and Black score for all studies was 17 (range: 5\u201324). Point estimate from pooled results from nine studies revealed that NMT programmes, which include LE balance, strength, agility and change of direction exercises, with a minimum dose of 10\u2009min two times per week, reduced female\/woman\/girl athletes\u2019 LE injuries by 19% (0.81, 95%\u2009CI 0.61% to 1.08%; low certainty evidence). Point estimate of pooled results from six studies uncovered that NMT reduced ankle sprains by 39% (0.61, 95%\u2009CI 0.36% to 1.03%; moderate certainty evidence). NMT significantly reduced anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries by 61% (0.39, 95%\u2009CI 0.25% to 0.60%; high certainty evidence).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NMT programmes can reduce female\/woman\/girl athletes\u2019 ACL injuries by up to 61% and ankle sprains by 39%, highlighting the need for widespread implementation of NMT programmes. Evidence informing PPE, policy\/rule changes and education to prevent female\/woman\/girl athletes\u2019 LE injuries is needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PROSPERO registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42024486715.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2025-109910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T21:40:20Z","timestamp":1752270020000},"page":"1575-1586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Prevention strategies for lower extremity injury: a systematic review and meta-analyses for the Female, woman and\/or girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0236-9015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Garrett S","family":"Bullock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3056-8169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anu M","family":"R\u00e4is\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Elon University, Elon, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3363-6705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chelsea","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7032-4567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maitland","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3784-8753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Galarneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6591-4976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jackie L","family":"Whittaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5135-1191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin M","family":"Losciale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Informatics, Decision-Enhancement, and Analytic Sciences Center of Innovation, George E Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"},{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, The University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Bizzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Performance Lab, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3374-4669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew N","family":"Bourne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Precision Health and Technology, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University\u2013Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3166-1357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hendrik Paul","family":"Dijkstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Education, Aspetar Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5676-2982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc-Olivier","family":"Dub\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Australian IOC Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0057-1327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alix","family":"Hayden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Libraries and Cultural Resources, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6477-7263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Girdwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6883-1471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"H\u00e4gglund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1413-4133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shreya","family":"McLeod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences, North Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4982-0662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nonhlanhla Sharon","family":"Mkumbuzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"},{"name":"Department of Human Movement Science, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7353-2583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea Britt","family":"Mosler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Australian IOC Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6068-1096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myles Calder","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grethe","family":"Myklebust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7514-0399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merete","family":"M\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana M","family":"Ocarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5984-9821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oluwatoyosi B A","family":"Owoeye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Injury Prevention Lab, Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4676-217X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debbie","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edinburgh Sports Medicine Research Network, Institute for Sport, PE and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"},{"name":"UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0427-2877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kati","family":"Pasanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Neuromuscular Sport Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK-instituutti, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebonie Kendra","family":"Rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristian","family":"Thorborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, R\u00f8dovre, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6926-0618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marienke","family":"van Middelkoop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Practice, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evert","family":"Verhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Union of European Football Association, Nyon, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6415-4936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stuart J","family":"Warden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1532-7877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Whalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Medical and Exercise Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5892-129X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kay M","family":"Crossley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe University\u2013Bundoora Campus, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9499-6691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolyn","family":"Emery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jsm.0000184638.72075.b7"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515580790"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2016-000199","article-title":"High prevalence of self-reported injuries and illnesses in talented female athletes","volume":"3","author":"Richardson","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brant JA , Johnson B , Brou L , et al . Rates and Patterns of Lower Extremity Sports Injuries in All Gender-Comparable US High School Sports. Orthop J Sports Med 2019;7. doi:10.1177\/2325967119873059","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119873059"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14062","article-title":"Injuries in elite-level women\u2019s football-a two-year prospective study in the Irish Women\u2019s National League","volume":"32","author":"Horan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s40621-021-00344-8","article-title":"An epidemiologic comparison of acute and overuse injuries in high school sports","volume":"8","author":"Ritzer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inj Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-47.2.198"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2018-000391","article-title":"Prevalence and burden of overuse injuries in elite junior handball","volume":"4","author":"Aasheim","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-51.4.12","article-title":"Quantifying Emergency Department Visits From Sport and Recreation: Focus on the Lower Extremity and Knee, 1997-2009","volume":"51","author":"Tenan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098533"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2022.06.005","article-title":"Direct and indirect costs associated with injury in sub-elite football in Australia: a population study using 3\u202fyears of sport insurance records","volume":"25","author":"Ross","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herzog MM , Marshall SW , Lund JL , et al . Cost of Outpatient Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Among Commercially Insured Patients in the United States, 2005-2013. Orthop J Sports Med 2017;5. doi:10.1177\/2325967116684776","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967116684776"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2013.4796"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.02.021"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465211002530"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-105626"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106099"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098944"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094639"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-10-75"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092538"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi077"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.081182"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101587"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101117"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2844","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519873270","article-title":"Implementation of the FIFA 11+ Injury Prevention Program by High School Athletic Teams Did Not Reduce Lower Extremity Injuries: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"47","author":"Slauterbeck","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516659290"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Higgins JPT , Thomas J , Chandler J , et al . Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. 2nd edn. John Wiley & Sons, 2019.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-020-01542-z"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12632","article-title":"Athlete: a working definition for medical and health sciences research","volume":"26","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scandinavian Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.32","unstructured":"Expanding the evidence base for australian sport. Clearing House for Sport, Available: https:\/\/www.clearinghouseforsport.gov.au\/kb\/what-is-sport [Accessed 1 Jan 2025]."},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106656"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13034","article-title":"Neuromuscular training reduces lower limb injuries in elite female basketball players. A cluster randomized controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"Bonato","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.52.6.377"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106299"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2022.100085","article-title":"P-value, compatibility, and S-value","volume":"4","author":"Mansournia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glob Epidemiol"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-017-4758-5"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-48.3.18"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101295"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.42","first-page":"238","article-title":"Role of warm-up exercise in preventing hamstring injury in sprinters","volume":"47","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rawal Med J"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00c5man M , Lars\u00e9n K , Forssblad M , et al . A Nationwide Follow-up Survey on the Effectiveness of an Implemented Neuromuscular Training Program to Reduce Acute Knee Injuries in Soccer Players. Orthop J Sports Med 2018;6. doi:10.1177\/2325967118813841","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118813841"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-022-00478-z","article-title":"The Effect of Shoulder and Knee Exercise Programmes on the Risk of Shoulder and Knee Injuries in Adolescent Elite Handball Players: A Three-Armed Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial","volume":"8","author":"Asker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sports Med Open"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-79-18"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099062"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2021.11.006","article-title":"Preventive effect of tailored exercises on patellar tendinopathy in elite youth athletes: A cohort study","volume":"53","author":"Bittencourt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.48","first-page":"212","article-title":"Efficacy of a sports specific balance training programme on the incidence of ankle sprains in basketball","volume":"6","author":"Cumps","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Sport Sci Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ding L , Mackey M , Li S . Efficacy of a Neuromuscular Warm-up Program in Reducing the Risk of School Sports Injury among Chinese Children: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Orthop J Sports Med 2023;11. doi:10.1177\/23259671231201170","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671231201170"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181e03667"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2022-001523","article-title":"Low adoption in women\u2019s professional football: teams that used the Nordic Hamstring Exercise in the team training had fewer match hamstring injuries","volume":"9","author":"Ekstrand","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e31802e9c05"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.074377"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2022.10959"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-173-16","article-title":"A School-Based Neuromuscular Training Program and Sport-Related Injury Incidence: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","volume":"53","author":"Foss","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2010.0296"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508318188"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.58","first-page":"125","article-title":"Effects of an eccentric training programme on hamstring strain injuries in women football players","volume":"7","author":"del Ama Espinosa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Hum Kinet"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095467"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-015-3922-z","article-title":"Risk factors for acute knee injury in female youth football","volume":"24","author":"H\u00e4gglund","year":"2016","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hilska M , Lepp\u00e4nen M , Vasankari T , et al . Neuromuscular Training Warm-up Prevents Acute Noncontact Lower Extremity Injuries in Children\u2019s Soccer: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Orthop J Sports Med 2021;9. doi:10.1177\/23259671211005769","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211005769"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182413134","article-title":"Adherence to an Injury Prevention Warm-Up Program in Children\u2019s Soccer-A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"18","author":"Hilska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2684","article-title":"Effect of unsupervised home based proprioceptive training on recurrences of ankle sprain: randomised controlled trial","volume":"339","author":"Hupperets","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092947"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.7547\/0960408","article-title":"Lower-Extremity Overuse Injury and Use of Foot Orthotic Devices in Women\u2019s Basketball","volume":"96","author":"Jenkins","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7547\/0980207"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2020.9407","article-title":"A Secondary Injury Prevention Program May Decrease Contralateral Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Athletes: 2-Year Injury Rates in the ACL-SPORTS Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"50","author":"Johnson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510377424"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2335-5","article-title":"The prevention of injuries in contact flag football","volume":"22","author":"Kaplan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3266-0","article-title":"Injuries can be prevented in contact flag football!","volume":"24","author":"Kaplan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.289"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119836774","article-title":"Impact of Routine Gastrocnemius Stretching on Ankle Dorsiflexion Flexibility and Injury Rates in High School Basketball Athletes","volume":"7","author":"Knapik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509333012"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2011.168"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-105890"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101767"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14379","article-title":"Effect of the FIFA 11+ injury prevention program in collegiate female football players over three consecutive seasons","volume":"33","author":"Magoshi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504272261"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.79","first-page":"47","article-title":"Pain syndromes in competitive elite level female artistic gymnasts. Role of specific preventive-compensative activity","volume":"113","author":"Marini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Italian J Anatomy Embriol"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505284191"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511406242"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2020-0376","article-title":"The Protective Effect of Neuromuscular Training on the Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome in Youth Female Track-and-Field Athletes: A Clinical Trial and Cohort Study","volume":"30","author":"Mendez-Rebolledo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sport Rehabil"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000398","article-title":"Neuromuscular Training Availability and Efficacy in Preventing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in High School Sports: A Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"27","author":"Murray","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200303000-00002"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.85","first-page":"214","article-title":"12 Months of Balance Training Decreases Ankle-Joint Injury Frequency in Young Girl Basketball Players","volume":"61","author":"Nov\u00e1kov\u00e1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Fac Educ Phys Univ Comen"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38330.632801.8F"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517749474","article-title":"Effect of Hip-Focused Injury Prevention Training for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Reduction in Female Basketball Players: A 12-Year Prospective Intervention Study","volume":"46","author":"Omi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000462","article-title":"Prevention of Ankle Sprain Injuries in Youth Soccer and Basketball: Effectiveness of a Neuromuscular Training Program and Examining Risk Factors","volume":"28","author":"Owoeye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.89","article-title":"Neuromuscular training and the risk of leg injuries in female floorball players: cluster randomised controlled study","volume":"337","author":"Pasanen","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546507308358"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perrone GS , Webster KE , Imbriaco C , et al . Risk of Secondary ACL Injury in Adolescents Prescribed Functional Bracing After ACL Reconstruction. Orthop J Sports Med 2019;7. doi:10.1177\/2325967119879880","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119879880"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-005-0793-7"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.E.00616"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2020.07.005"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0834-8"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.96","first-page":"12","article-title":"The effect of changing the centerline rule on the incidence of ankle injuries in women\u2019s collegiate volleyball","volume":"4","author":"Reeser","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Volleyball Res"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2014.05.008","article-title":"Effect of a physical conditioning versus health promotion intervention in dancers: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Roussel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Man Ther"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002108"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.826212","article-title":"The ISPA Int Injury Prevention Programme for Youth Competitive Alpine Skiers: A Controlled 12-Month Experimental Study in a Real-World Training Setting","volume":"13","author":"Schoeb","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a2469","article-title":"Comprehensive warm-up programme to prevent injuries in young female footballers: cluster randomised controlled trial","volume":"337","author":"Soligard","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2002.003947"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2007.00703.x"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091886"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.2022.2133978","article-title":"A multicomponent neuromuscular warm-up program reduces lower-extremity injuries in trained basketball players: a cluster randomized controlled trial","volume":"51","author":"Stojanovi\u0107","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phys Sportsmed"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2020.12.015","article-title":"The effect of a neuromuscular warm-up on the injury rates in New Zealand amateur futsal players","volume":"48","author":"Tomsovsky","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738119877180","article-title":"A Randomized Study of a Strength Training Program to Prevent Injuries in Runners of the New York City Marathon","volume":"12","author":"Toresdahl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sports Health"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2016.12.001","article-title":"The 'Strengthen your ankle' program to prevent recurrent injuries: A randomized controlled trial aimed at long-term effectiveness","volume":"20","author":"Van Reijen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503262177"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-105425"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2014.07.002","article-title":"Shinguards effective in preventing lower leg injuries in football: Population-based trend analyses over 25 years","volume":"18","author":"Vriend","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Sci Med Sport"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e3042","article-title":"Prevention of acute knee injuries in adolescent female football players: cluster randomised controlled trial","volume":"344","author":"Wald\u00e9n","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.17.07903-8","article-title":"Effects of a lighter, smaller football on acute match injuries in adolescent female football: a pilot cluster-randomized controlled trial","volume":"58","author":"Zebis","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/1517-8692202329012022_0466","article-title":"Exercise prescription for injury reduction in ballroom dancing","volume":"29","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Bras Med Esporte"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.23736\/S0393-3660.18.03766-X","article-title":"The pilot study on Down to Earth (D2E) injury prevention program among varsity netball players","volume":"178","author":"Zulkarnain","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gazz Med Ital - Arch Sci Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.115","first-page":"98","article-title":"Effectiveness of the Prevent Injury Enhance Performance (PEP) training program in reducing injury incidence rates among adolescent female Sepak takraw players: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"102","author":"Yarsiasat","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Med Associ Thailand"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0234-2"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515618372"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-023-01950-w","article-title":"The Effects of Exercise-Based Injury Prevention Programmes on Injury Risk in Adult Recreational Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"54","author":"Liddle","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24043"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.15.00933"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181b88d37","article-title":"Neuromuscular training for sports injury prevention: a systematic review","volume":"42","author":"H\u00fcbscher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109019818801500401"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-10.4.318"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2024.12668","article-title":"Prioritizing Knowledge User Engagement: Engaging Patients and the Public in Creating Enduring Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research","volume":"54","author":"Bullock","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.2165\/11597050-000000000-00000","article-title":"Are we having fun yet? Fostering adherence to injury preventive exercise recommendations in young athletes","volume":"42","author":"Keats","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sport Med"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.02.009"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-8-22"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13858","article-title":"Nationwide sports injury prevention strategies: A scoping review","volume":"31","author":"Ross","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sport"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2011-090329"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2012.02.001"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2012.07.003","article-title":"Injury rate, mechanism, and risk factors of hamstring strain injuries in sports: A review of the literature","volume":"1","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03658-8"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-45.1.87"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091250"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)30466-1","article-title":"Mechanism of injury and pathology of anterior cruciate ligament injuries","volume":"16","author":"Feagin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"2025121008200663000_59.22.1575.136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1740774505cn087oa"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsports-2025-109910","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T16:20:23Z","timestamp":1765383623000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bjsports-2025-109910"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"references-count":136,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bjsports-2025-109910"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsports-2025-109910","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-3674","1473-0480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-3674","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-0480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]}}}