{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:05:26Z","timestamp":1791943526860,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNPq (311109\/2023-3)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNPq (311109\/2023-3)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000048","name":"American Cancer Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRP-23-1014041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRP-23-1014041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007316","name":"Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NCI U01 CA167552, UM1 CA186107, R01 CA49449, U01 C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCI U01 CA167552, UM1 CA186107, R01 CA49449, U01 C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007316","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Sports Med"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine whether resistance training is associated with lower all-cause and cause-specific mortality, the dose-response relationship, and joint effects with aerobic activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included participants from three large prospective cohorts (Health Professionals Follow-up Study, 1992\u20132022; Nurses\u2019 Health Study, 2002\u20132021; Nurses\u2019 Health Study II, 2003\u20132021). Weekly resistance training duration and aerobic exercise duration were assessed using validated questionnaires at baseline and biennially thereafter. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 147\u2009374 participants (31\u2009540 men and 115\u2009834\u2009women) followed for up to 30 years, we documented 35\u2009798 deaths. Compared with no resistance training, 90\u2013119\u2009min\/week of resistance training was associated with a 13% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.87, 95%\u2009CI 0.81 to 0.95), 19% lower risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.81, 95%\u2009CI 0.67 to 0.97) and 27% lower risk of neurological disease mortality (HR 0.73, 95%\u2009CI 0.58 to 0.92), adjusting for aerobic activity. No additional benefit was observed above 120\u2009min\/week. Reduced cancer mortality risk was seen only at lower levels of resistance training: HR 0.91 (95%\u2009CI 0.86 to 0.97) for 1\u201329\u2009min\/week and HR 0.88 (95%\u2009CI 0.81 to 0.97) for 30\u201359\u2009min\/week. In joint analyses, compared with those with inadequate aerobic activity (&lt;7.5 metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-hours\/week) and no resistance training, mortality risk was lowest among participants with both high aerobic and resistance training (eg, HR 0.55 (95%\u2009CI 0.50 to 0.60) for 30 to &lt;45 MET-hours\/week of aerobic and 60\u2013119\u2009min\/week of resistance training), as well as among those attaining \u226545 MET-hours\/week of aerobic activity regardless of resistance training level (HRs from 0.53 to 0.58).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using repeated measures of resistance training over up to 30 years of follow-up, moderate long-term resistance training was associated with lower all-cause mortality, with lowest risks plateauing at around \u2265120\u2009min\/week of resistance training. Resistance training was associated with further reduced mortality risk at all levels of aerobic activity up to around \u226545 MET-hours\/week of aerobic activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2025-110503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:17Z","timestamp":1780444817000},"page":"874-883","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Long-term resistance training with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: assessing dose-response and joint associations with aerobic physical activity"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1193-2263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiwen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1329-4637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7469-1399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leandro F M","family":"Rezende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chronic Disease Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Providencia, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Giovannucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJR.0b013e3282f55e09"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.14854"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.3","first-page":"663","article-title":"Muscle-strengthening physical activity is associated with cancer mortality: results from the 1998-2011 National Health Interview Surveys, National Death Index record linkage","volume":"30","author":"Siahpush","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.007677","article-title":"Strength Training and All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Mortality in Older Women: A Cohort Study","volume":"6","author":"Kamada","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m2031","article-title":"Recommended physical activity and all cause and cause specific mortality in US adults: prospective cohort study","volume":"370","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glab114"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-105061"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2022.03.020"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-2420","article-title":"Long-term Weight Training and Mortality in U.S. Male Health Professionals With and Without Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"46","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-105315"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyae074","article-title":"Weight training and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality among older adults","volume":"53","author":"Shailendra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.12.029"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd17.190408","article-title":"Relationship Between Muscle-Strengthening Activity and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Large US Cohort","volume":"17","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13344","article-title":"Muscle-strengthening activities and risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer and mortality: a review of prospective cohort studies","volume":"290","author":"Giovannucci","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.112"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12789"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291708003681"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2015.11.3.212"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116211"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/18.4.858"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8223(93)91754-E"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/23.5.991"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199601000-00014","article-title":"Reproducibility and validity of a self-administered physical activity questionnaire for male health professionals","volume":"7","author":"Chasan-Taber","year":"1996","journal-title":"Epidemiology (Sunnyvale)"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwab294"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwac051"},{"key":"2026061203150608000_60.12.874.26","unstructured":"PAGA Committee . 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