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While the selection of specific antihypertensive medications varies little across different forms of hypertensive emergencies, the intensity of blood pressure reduction to the target pressure differs substantially. Treatment hinges on balancing the positive effects of lowering blood pressure with the potential for negative effects of organ hypoperfusion in patients with altered autoregulatory mechanisms. When patients do not have acute organ injury in addition to severe hypertension, they benefit from a conservative, outpatient approach to blood pressure management. In all cases, long term control of blood pressure is paramount to prevent recurrent hypertensive emergencies and improve overall prognosis. This review discusses the current evidence and guidelines on the evaluation and management of hypertensive emergency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-077205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T06:30:15Z","timestamp":1721975415000},"page":"e077205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Evaluation and management of hypertensive emergency"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"386","author":[{"given":"Joseph B","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Hrabec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Henry Ford Health and Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay","family":"Krishnamoorthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harish","family":"Kinni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert D","family":"Brook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025110102334263000_386.jul26_3.e077205.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-071653"},{"key":"2025110102334263000_386.jul26_3.e077205.2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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