{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T07:39:49Z","timestamp":1794037189060,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726012800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the real world effectiveness of modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) vaccine against mpox infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emulation of a target trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Linked databases in Ontario, Canada.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>9803 men aged \u226518 years with a history of being tested for syphilis and a laboratory confirmed bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the previous year, or who filled a prescription for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in the previous year. On each day between 12 June 2022 and 27 October 2022, those who had been vaccinated 15 days previously were matched 1:1 with unvaccinated men by age, geographical region, past HIV diagnosis, number of bacterial STI diagnoses in the previous three years, and receipt of any non-MVA-BN vaccine in the previous year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main outcome measure was vaccine effectiveness ((1\u2013hazard ratio)\u00d7100) of one dose of subcutaneously administered MVA-BN against laboratory confirmed mpox infection. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard ratios to compare the rate of laboratory confirmed mpox between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3204 men who received the vaccine were matched to 3204 unvaccinated controls. A total of 71 mpox infections were diagnosed, with 0.09 per 1000 person days (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.05 to 0.13) in the vaccinated group and 0.20 per 1000 person days (0.15 to 0.27) in the unvaccinated group over the study period of 153 days. Estimated vaccine effectiveness of one dose of MVA-BN against mpox infection was 58% (95% CI 31% to 75%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings of this study, conducted in the context of a targeted vaccination programme and evolving outbreak of mpox, suggest that one dose of MVA-BN is moderately effective in preventing mpox infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-078243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T20:00:46Z","timestamp":1726084846000},"page":"e078243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Effectiveness of modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic vaccine against mpox infection: emulation of a target trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"386","author":[{"given":"Christine","family":"Navarro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindy","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah A","family":"Buchan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann N","family":"Burchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharifa","family":"Nasreen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"School of Public Health, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evaezi","family":"Okpokoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter C","family":"Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darrell H S","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan B","family":"Gubbay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children\u2019s and Women\u2019s Health Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey C","family":"Kwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, 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