{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:02:05Z","timestamp":1791644525993,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"BMJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719446400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-080064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T06:55:28Z","timestamp":1719471328000},"page":"e080064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Analgesia for non-specific low back pain"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"385","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9887-2493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caitlin M P","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Underwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK"},{"name":"University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Schoene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cochrane Collaboration, Back and Neck Review Group, Newbury MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saniya","family":"Sabzwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarrod","family":"Cavanagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Wei Christine","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30480-X"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5178-4"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-066928"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6273"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp2032396"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002919"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3181817a8d"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2019-009383"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.9","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Low back pain. 2023. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/low-back-pain."},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000351"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.344"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34347"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2022.11145"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.05.018"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-5673-2"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.16","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO guideline for non-surgical management of chronic primary low back pain in adults in primary and community care settings. 2023 https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240081789"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.17","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Self-management - Low back pain and sciatica in over 16s: assessment and management (NICE guideline NG59). 2020. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng59."},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2367"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200011150-00016"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2018.07.006"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.13563"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.22","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Low back pain and sciatica in over 16s: assessment and management (NICE guideline NG59). 2020. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng59"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/BMJOPEN-2022-060966"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2020.0392"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10071366"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2013.00177"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-82324-y"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102340"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1225"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210597"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012087"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m4825"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.1251"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.171333"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004252"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1446"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.37","article-title":"Systemic corticosteroids for radicular and non-radicular low back pain","volume":"10","author":"Chou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chou R, Wagner J, Ahmed AY, et al. Living systematic review on cannabis and other plant-based treatments for chronic pain: 2022 update. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US), 2022. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK586045\/","DOI":"10.23970\/AHRQEPCCER250UPDATE2022"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008609.pub2"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-017-0445-3"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004504.pub4"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1668"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2017.05.006"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206914"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10604"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.01811.x"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n104"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/PCC.v03n0105"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00404-X"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/PCC.11m01326"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1614292"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0885-3924(94)90112-0"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2016.10.002"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/neurolint13040059"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.51014"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2018.06.005"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.57","unstructured":"NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service. Clinical evidence for homeopathy. 2017. https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/sps-homeopathy.pdf."},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.52002"},{"key":"2025110102475846000_385.jun27_5.e080064.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/apm.2019.12.09"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj-2024-080064","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj-2024-080064","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T09:48:09Z","timestamp":1761990489000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj-2024-080064"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj-2024-080064"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2024-080064","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-1833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-1833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]}}}