{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T12:36:19Z","timestamp":1765542979271,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6208","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1980,1,19]],"date-time":"1980-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":317088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Med J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,1,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In a feasibility study of mass population screening for breast cancer by clinical examination and mammography the ability of non-medical staff (nurses and radiographers) to act as primary screeners was compared with that of medical staff (surgeons and radiologists). In 240 women with cancer the rate of detection of the disease by the non-medical staff was comparable to that of the medical staff, although the non-medical staff detected more cancers by mammography alone than did the medical staff. The rate of detection by surgeons and particularly nurses was lower in women without symptoms than in those with symptoms, whereas the incidence of detection by radiologists and radiographers was lower in women aged under 50 than in those over 50. The rate of detection by all groups of staff significantly increased with increases in tumour size. The results suggest that non-medical staff can act effectively as primary screeners, but that for the detection of cancer in asymptomatic women, particularly those over 50, mammography is probably more effective than clinical examination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.280.6208.147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T18:32:30Z","timestamp":1238697150000},"page":"147-149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Role of non-medical staff in screening for breast cancer."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"280","author":[{"given":"W D","family":"George","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R A","family":"Sellwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Asbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Hartley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1980,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","series-title":"Seventh national cancer conference proceedings. Philadelphia: BJ Lippincott","first-page":"663","article-title":"Changes in 5-year breast cancer mortality in a breast-screening programme","author":"Shapiro, S.; Strax, P.; Venet, L.; Venet, W.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Shapiro S, Strax P, Venet L, Venet W. Changes in 5-year breast cancer mortality in a breast-screening programme. In: Seventh national cancer conference proceedings. Philadelphia: BJ Lippincott, 1973:663-78."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"858","article-title":"Screening for breast cancer","volume":"ii:","author":"George, W.D.; Gleave, E.N.; England, P.C.","year":"1976","unstructured":"George WD, Gleave EN, England PC, et al. Screening for breast cancer. Br MedJ3 1976;ii:858-60."},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"The feasibility of screening for cancer of the breast. Thesis","author":"George, W.D.","year":"1977","unstructured":"George WD. The feasibility of screening for cancer of the breast. Thesis. London: University of London, 1977."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"126","article-title":"Statistical methods in medical research","author":"Armitage, P.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Armitage P. Statistical methods in medical research. Oxford: Blackwell, 1976:126."},{"article-title":"Statistical methods in medical research","author":"Armitage, P.","key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Armitage P. Statistical methods in medical research. Oxford: Blackwell, 1976:363."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1148\/86.5.886","article-title":"A co-operative evaluation of mammography in seven teaching hospitals","volume":"86","author":"Friedman, A.K.; Askovitz, S.I.; Berger, S.M.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Friedman AK, Askovitz SI, Berger SM, et al. A co-operative evaluation of mammography in seven teaching hospitals. Radiology 1966; 86:886-9 1.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"655","article-title":"Mammography in the management of breast lesions. Br MedJ3 1969","author":"James, W.B.; Irvine, R.W.","unstructured":"James WB, Irvine RW. Mammography in the management of breast lesions. Br MedJ3 1969;ii:655-7."},{"article-title":"Accepted 12","year":"1979","key":"ref_8","unstructured":"(Accepted 12 October 1979)"},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO On the 27th of last month, a distressing occurrence took place in Glasgow, which resulted in the death of a girl aged four years. Unobserved by the parents, she obtained possession of a box of lucifer matches, with which she amused herself for some time. Shortly afterwards, she seemed somewhat indisposed, and, though an examination of the box showed that the child had been sucking the phosphorus on the matches, not much was thought of the occurrence. As the child, however, grew worse, medical advice was obtained; but she gradually sank, and died early on the following morning","volume":"1880","unstructured":"ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO On the 27th of last month, a distressing occurrence took place in Glasgow, which resulted in the death of a girl aged four years. Unobserved by the parents, she obtained possession of a box of lucifer matches, with which she amused herself for some time. Shortly afterwards, she seemed somewhat indisposed, and, though an examination of the box showed that the child had been sucking the phosphorus on the matches, not much was thought of the occurrence. As the child, however, grew worse, medical advice was obtained; but she gradually sank, and died early on the following morning. (British Medical Journal, 1880.)","journal-title":"(British Medical Journal"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.280.6208.147","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.280.6208.147","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T12:32:42Z","timestamp":1765542762000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.280.6208.147"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1980,1,19]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6208","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1980,1,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,1,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.280.6208.147"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.280.6208.147","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1447","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0007-1447"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-5833"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1980,1,19]]}}}