{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T14:44:33Z","timestamp":1765550673160,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6262","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1981,2,7]],"date-time":"1981-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":350352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,2,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A phospholipid profile, the main features of which were the lecithin\/sphingomyelin (L\/S) ratio and the presence or absence of phosphatidylglycerol (PG), was determined in amniotic fluid from 188 patients. There was a mature profile (L\/S ratio of at least 2 . 0 and detectable PG) in 145 patients, including seven insulin-dependent diabetics, and noe of their babies developed respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The L\/S ratio was less than 2 . 0 and PG absent in 12 patients, nine of whose babies developed RDS, whereas only three small babies (delivered between 28 and 35 weeks because of fulminant pre-eclampsia or severe abruptio placentae) out of 31 developed RDS when the L\/S ratio was less than 2 . 0 but PG was present. When amniotic fluid was collected from the vagina only one out of 69 babies developed RDS when PG was present (regardless of the L\/S ratio), while all of seven babies developed RDS when PG was absent. It is concluded that the amniotic fluid phospholipid profile, particularly the presence or absence of PG, gives an accurate assessment of fetal lung maturation. The profile may prove a useful adjunct to the management of high-risk pregnancies, especially after premature membrane rupture and perhaps also when the mother is diabetic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.282.6262.428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T11:00:59Z","timestamp":1238670059000},"page":"428-430","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Amniotic fluid phospholipid profile determined by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography as index of fetal lung maturation."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"282","author":[{"given":"M J","family":"Whittle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A I","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C R","family":"Whitfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R D","family":"Paton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R W","family":"Logan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1981,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(71)90342-5","article-title":"Diagnosis of RDS by amniocentesis","volume":"109","author":"Gluck, L.; Kulovich, M.V.; Borer, R.C.; Brenner, P.H.; Anderson, G.G.; Spellacy, W.N.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Gluck L, Kulovich MV, Borer RC, Brenner PH, Anderson GG, Spellacy WN. Diagnosis of RDS by amniocentesis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1971; 109:440-5.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_2","article-title":"L\/S ratio in amniotic fluid. Laboratory schedule","author":"Borer, R.C.; Gluck, L.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Borer RC, Gluck L. L\/S ratio in amniotic fluid. Laboratory schedule. Department of Paediatrics, University of California, San Diego, USA. 1971."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"678","article-title":"Fetal lung maturation","volume":"12","author":"Whitfield, C.R.; Sproule, W.B.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Whitfield CR, Sproule WB. Fetal lung maturation. BrJ_ Hosp Med 1974; 12:678-90.","journal-title":"BrJ_ Hosp Med"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"264","article-title":"Factors influencing the measurement of the L\/S ratio in amniotic fluid. J'ournal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British","volume":"81","author":"Wagstaff, T.I.; Whyley, G.A.; Freedman, G.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Wagstaff TI, Whyley GA, Freedman G. Factors influencing the measurement of the L\/S ratio in amniotic fluid. J'ournal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth 1974;81:264-77. Van Graaf J de, Gunston KD. The prediction of fetal pulmonary maturity from amniotic fluid contaminated by vaginal secretion. S Afr Med J","journal-title":"Commonwealth; The prediction of fetal pulmonary maturity from amniotic fluid contaminated by vaginal secretion"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(79)80018-6","article-title":"The lung profile","volume":"135","author":"Kulovich, M.V.; Hallman, M.B.; Gluck, L.","year":"1979","unstructured":";27:1145-6.","journal-title":"I. Normal pregnancy. Am J' Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(78)90233-8","article-title":"Amniotic fluid phosphatidyl glycerol in diabetic patients","volume":"131","author":"Cunningham, M.D.; Desai, N.A.; Thompson, S.A.; Greene, J.M.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Kulovich MV, Hallman MB, Gluck L. The lung profile. I. Normal pregnancy. Am J' Obstet Gynecol 1979;135:57-63.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"64","article-title":"The lung profile. II. Complicated pregnancy. Am J'","volume":"135","author":"Kulovich, M.V.; Gluck, L.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Cunningham MD, Desai NA, Thompson SA, Greene JM. Amniotic fluid phosphatidyl glycerol in diabetic patients. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 131:719-24.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"42","article-title":"Risk of RDS","volume":"i:","author":"Harvey, D.; Parkinson, C.E.; Campbell, S.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Kulovich MV, Gluck L. The lung profile. II. Complicated pregnancy. Am J' Obstet Gynecol 1979;135:64-70.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"281","article-title":"Clinical trial of antepartum betamethasone therapy for the prevention of RDS in the preterm infant","volume-title":"5th Study Group of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Pre-term labour","author":"Howie, R.N.; Liggins, G.C.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Harvey D, Parkinson CE, Campbell S. Risk of RDS. Lancet 1975;i:42."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(78)90789-5","article-title":"Premature labour and premature rupture of the membranes","volume":"132","author":"Miller, J.M.; Pupkin, M.J.; Crenshaw, C.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Howie RN, Liggins GC. Clinical trial of antepartum betamethasone therapy for the prevention of RDS in the preterm infant. In: 5th Study Group of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Pre-term labour. London: RCOG, 1977:281-9.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1980.tb04423.x","article-title":"Relation between the amniotic fluid L\/S ratio, fetal cord blood corticosteroid levels and duration of induced labour","volume":"87","author":"Whittle, M.J.; Hill, C.M.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Miller JM, Pupkin MJ, Crenshaw C. Premature labour and premature rupture of the membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978;132:1-6.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref_12","article-title":"The changes which occur in the amniotic fluid L\/S ratio and phospholipid profile during labour, and their likely significance","author":"Whittle, M.J.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Whittle MJ, Hill CM. Relation between the amniotic fluid L\/S ratio, fetal cord blood corticosteroid levels and duration of induced labour. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1980;87:38-42.","journal-title":"MD thesis. Manchester University"},{"article-title":"Accepted 1","year":"1980","key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Whittle MJ. The changes which occur in the amniotic fluid L\/S ratio and phospholipid profile during labour, and their likely significance. MD thesis. Manchester University, 1980."}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.282.6262.428","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.282.6262.428","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T14:21:22Z","timestamp":1765549282000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.282.6262.428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1981,2,7]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6262","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1981,2,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,2,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.282.6262.428"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.282.6262.428","relation":{},"ISSN":["0267-0623","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0267-0623"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-5833"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1981,2,7]]}}}