{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T22:15:28Z","timestamp":1765318528773,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6390","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1983,8,13]],"date-time":"1983-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":429580800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,8,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>It has been suggested that congenital toxoplasmosis could be prevented by antenatal serological screening, followed by treatment or by termination of pregnancy if infection occurs. The only study of the incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland took place more than 10 years ago. To obtain more recent figures laboratory reports of cases occurring from 1975 to 1980 were analysed. A total of 91 cases were reported over the six years. By criteria established to classify these infections only 34 were congenital, 20 were acquired postnatally, and 37 were unclassifiable. The mean annual number of cases of congenital toxoplasmosis was considerably smaller than that found in other recent studies. The condition could be underdiagnosed or rates of placental transmission could be lower in Britain than in other countries. Variation in reporting criteria of the laboratories made the data difficult to interpret. Improved diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis would not only clarify the epidemiology but would also help clinicians in management of suspected cases. Further antenatal surveys are necessary to assess the role of screening in the prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.287.6390.453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T11:00:59Z","timestamp":1238670059000},"page":"453-455","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Congenital toxoplasmosis in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: some epidemiological problems."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"287","author":[{"given":"S M","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1983,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","article-title":"The laboratory diagnosis of toxoplasmosis","author":"Fleck, D.G.; Kwantes, W.","year":"13.)","unstructured":"Fleck DG, Kwantes W. The laboratory diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. London: HMSO, 1980. (Public Health Laboratory Service Monograph 13.)"},{"key":"ref_2","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis","volume-title":"Infectious diseases of the fetus and newborn infant","author":"Remington, J.J.; Desmonts, G.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Remington JJ, Desmonts G. Toxoplasmosis. In: Remington JJ, Klein JO, eds. Infectious diseases of the fetus and newborn infant. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1976."},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"Congenital toxoplasmosis: a prospective study of the offspring of 542 women who acquired toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. In: Thalhammer 0, et al, eds","author":"Desmonts, G.; Couvreur, J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Desmonts G, Couvreur J. Congenital toxoplasmosis: a prospective study of the offspring of 542 women who acquired toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. In: Thalhammer 0, et al, eds. Perinatal medicine. Sixth European congress, Vienna 1978.","journal-title":"Perinatal medicine. Sixth European"},{"key":"ref_4","article-title":"West","author":"Stuttgart","year":"1978","unstructured":"Stuttgart, West Germany: George Thieme, 1978."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"160","article-title":"Congenital toxoplasmosis: clinical laboratory and therapeutic considerations with special reference to subclinical disease","volume":"50","author":"Alford, C.A.; Stagno, S.; Reynolds, D.W.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Alford CA, Stagno S, Reynolds DW. Congenital toxoplasmosis: clinical laboratory and therapeutic considerations with special reference to subclinical disease. Bull NY Acad Med 1974; 50:160-81.","journal-title":"Bull NY Acad Med"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"767","article-title":"Development of adverse sequelae in children born with subclinical congenital toxoplasma infection","volume":"66","author":"sWilson CB; JS, Remington; S, Stagno; DW, Reynolds","year":"1981","unstructured":"sWilson CB, Remington JS, Stagno S, Reynolds DW. Development of adverse sequelae in children born with subclinical congenital toxoplasma infection. Paediatrics 1981;66:767-74.","journal-title":"Paediatrics"},{"key":"ref_7","article-title":"The epidemiology of toxoplasmosis [Editorial]. Lancet 1981","author":"Anonymous","year":"1148","unstructured":"Anonymous. The epidemiology of toxoplasmosis [Editorial]. Lancet 1981;ii:1148."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(80)90129-5","article-title":"What can be done to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis ?","volume":"138","author":"Wilson, C.B.; Remington, J.S.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Wilson CB, Remington JS. What can be done to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis ? Am J Obstet Gynecol 1980;138:357-63.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"Principles and practice of screening for disease","author":"Wilson, J.M.G.; Jungner, G.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Wilson JMG, Jungner G. 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Journal of Infection 1981;3:219-29.","journal-title":"Journal of Infection"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.34.6.659","article-title":"Screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy","volume":"34","author":"Broadbent, E.J.; Ross, R.; Hurley, R.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Broadbent EJ, Ross R, Hurley R. Screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. J Clin Pathol 1981;34:659-64.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.14.5.486-491.1981","article-title":"Immunoglobulin M-immunosorbent agglutination assay for diagnosis of infectious diseases: diagnosis of acute congenital and acquired toxoplasma infections","volume":"14","author":"Desmonts, G.; Naot, Y.; Remington, J.S.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Desmonts G, Naot Y, Remington JS. Immunoglobulin M-immunosorbent agglutination assay for diagnosis of infectious diseases: diagnosis of acute congenital and acquired toxoplasma infections. J Clin Microbiol 1981;14:486-91.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.35.8.892","article-title":"An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) using antibody class capture for the detection of anti-toxoplasma IgM","volume":"35","author":"Payne, R.A.; Isaac, M.; Francis, J.M.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Payne RA, Isaac M, Francis JM. 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