{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:50:28Z","timestamp":1791939028897,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6398","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1983,10,8]],"date-time":"1983-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":434419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,10,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A modified double blind crossover study was performed to assess the effect of 1% topical minoxidil as compared with placebo in 30 patients with alopecia areata and alopecia totalis. The active preparation produced a highly significant incidence of hair regrowth. A cosmetically acceptable response was noted in 16 patients. No side effects were seen. The study confirmed that topical minoxidil will induce new hair growth in alopecia areata but that it is less likely to do so in more severe and extensive disease. Furthermore, patients with alopecia universalis and totalis may not respond at all. Nevertheless, as compared with other drugs minoxidil applied topically is relatively non-toxic, is easy to use, and has no systemic or local side effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.287.6398.1015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T11:00:59Z","timestamp":1238670059000},"page":"1015-1017","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Topical minoxidil in the treatment of alopecia areata."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"287","author":[{"given":"D A","family":"Fenton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J D","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1983,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688207501208","article-title":"Alopecia areata treated with topical minoxidil","volume":"75","author":"lFenton DA; JD, Wilkinson","year":"1982","unstructured":"lFenton DA, Wilkinson JD. Alopecia areata treated with topical minoxidil. J R Soc Med 1982;75:963-5.","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"362","article-title":"Diseases of the hair and scalp","author":"Rook, A.; Dawber, R.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Rook A, Dawber R. Diseases of the hair and scalp. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1982:362."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)90660-2","article-title":"Minoxidil in resistant hypertension","volume":"ii:","author":"Dargie, J.H.; Dollery, C.T.; Daniel, J.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Dargie JH, Dollery CT, Daniel J. Minoxidil in resistant hypertension. Lancet 1977;ii:515-8.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1979.tb11892.x","article-title":"Hypertrichosis due to minoxidil. Br _'","volume":"1","author":"Burton, J.L.; Marshall, A.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Burton JL, Marshall A. Hypertrichosis due to minoxidil. Br _' Dermatol 1979;1O1:593-5.","journal-title":"Dermatol"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198012183032516","article-title":"Reversal of baldness in patient receiving minoxidil for hypertension","volume":"303","author":"Zappacosta, A.R.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Zappacosta AR. Reversal of baldness in patient receiving minoxidil for hypertension. N Engl J Med 1980;303:1480-1.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(81)80077-1","article-title":"Topical minoxidil in alopecia areata","volume":"5","author":"Weiss, V.C.; West, D.P.; Mueller, C.E.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Weiss VC, West DP, Mueller CE. Topical minoxidil in alopecia areata. J Am Acad Dermatol 1981;5:224-6.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"6190","key":"ref_7","first-page":"193","article-title":"Minoxidil ointment and liquid","volume":"229","author":"Lomas, S.M.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lomas SM. Minoxidil ointment and liquid. Pharmaceutical J'ournal 1982;229:6190:193.","journal-title":"Pharmaceutical J'ournal"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1975.tb05123.x","article-title":"Hypertrichosis due to diazoxide","volume":"93","author":"Burton, J.L.; Schutt, W.H.; Caldwell, I.W.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Burton JL, Schutt WH, Caldwell IW. Hypertrichosis due to diazoxide. Br Jt Dermatol 1975;93:707-1 1.","journal-title":"Br Jt Dermatol"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"99","article-title":"The pharmacologic basis of antihypertensive therapy: the role of vasodilator drugs","volume":"27","author":"Chidley, C.A.; Gottlieb, T.B.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Chidley CA, Gottlieb TB. The pharmacologic basis of antihypertensive therapy: the role of vasodilator drugs. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1974;27: 99-113.","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref_10","first-page":"93","article-title":"Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of minoxidil","volume":"1980","author":"Lowenthal, D.T.; Affrime, M.B.","unstructured":"Lowenthal DT, Affrime MB. Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of minoxidil. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1980;2:suppl 2:93-106.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"583","article-title":"Whole body tissue blood flow in conscious dogs treated with","volume-title":"minoxidil. [Abstract.] Fed Proc","volume":"33","author":"Humphrey, S.J.; Wilson, E.; Zins, G.R.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Humphrey SJ, Wilson E, Zins GR. Whole body tissue blood flow in conscious dogs treated with minoxidil. [Abstract.] Fed Proc 1974;33:583."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-197704000-00023","article-title":"Minoxidil induced hypertrichosis: treatment with calcium thioglycolate depilatory","volume":"70","author":"Earhart, R.N.; Ball, J.; Nuss, D.D.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Earhart RN, Ball J, Nuss DD, et al. Minoxidil induced hypertrichosis: treatment with calcium thioglycolate depilatory. South Med J 1977; 70:442-5.","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"55","article-title":"Minoxidil treatment of severe hypertension","volume":"17","author":"Ryan, JR, Jain; AK, McMahon; F.G.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Ryan JR, Jain AK, McMahon FG. Minoxidil treatment of severe hypertension. Current Therapeutic Research 1975;17:55-6.","journal-title":"Current Therapeutic Research"},{"key":"ref_14","article-title":"Accepted 12","year":"1983","unstructured":"(Accepted 12 July 1983)"},{"key":"ref_15","article-title":"A total of 3440 veterinary surgeons resident in Britain were.followed up from 1949-53 until 1975. A roughly twofold increase in mortality from suicide was observed and also a decreased mortality from respiratory diseases. There was no excess of deaths from leukaemia or other cancers as recently reported from the United States and as implied by the hypothesis that veterinary surgeons are unusually exposed to oncogenic viruses","unstructured":"A total of 3440 veterinary surgeons resident in Britain were.followed up from 1949-53 until 1975. A roughly twofold increase in mortality from suicide was observed and also a decreased mortality from respiratory diseases. There was no excess of deaths from leukaemia or other cancers as recently reported from the United States and as implied by the hypothesis that veterinary surgeons are unusually exposed to oncogenic viruses."},{"key":"ref_16","article-title":"With the cooperation of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons information was abstracted from its records for 1949 and 1950 of all registered veterinary surgeons resident in Britain. Because of the possibility that young veterinary surgeons might be at increased risk of leukaemia the study group was extended to include recently qualified graduates who registered in the years 1951-3. The details abstracted included name","volume-title":"proportion of individuals and had usually to be sought from the relevant university","unstructured":"With the cooperation of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons information was abstracted from its records for 1949 and 1950 of all registered veterinary surgeons resident in Britain. Because of the possibility that young veterinary surgeons might be at increased risk of leukaemia the study group was extended to include recently qualified graduates who registered in the years 1951-3. The details abstracted included name, date of birth (when available), university of graduation, and date of registration. Date of birth was available for only a small proportion of individuals and had usually to be sought from the relevant university."},{"key":"ref_17","article-title":"Details of deaths that had occurred among the study population before the end of 1975 were obtained from the obituary lists of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, which are published regularly, and copies of the death certificates were obtained. In the case of veterinary surgeons who were no longer registered but who had not been notified to the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons as having died, their status up to the end of 1975 was determined with the help of local colleagues and also the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys through the National Health Service Register. Again, any relevant death certificates were traced. Details of emigration among the study group were noted","volume-title":"as indicated in the records of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, which show the current address; In addition, the National Health Service Register was able to give the date of emigration of certain former members of the college","author":"of all registered members","unstructured":"Details of deaths that had occurred among the study population before the end of 1975 were obtained from the obituary lists of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, which are published regularly, and copies of the death certificates were obtained. In the case of veterinary surgeons who were no longer registered but who had not been notified to the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons as having died, their status up to the end of 1975 was determined with the help of local colleagues and also the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys through the National Health Service Register. Again, any relevant death certificates were traced. Details of emigration among the study group were noted as indicated in the records of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, which show the current address of all registered members. In addition, the National Health Service Register was able to give the date of emigration of certain former members of the college."},{"key":"ref_18","article-title":"The number of person years at risk was calculated for each sex by five year age group and calendar year up to the end of 1975, periods spent abroad being excluded. Expected 'numbers of deaths from different causes were calculated by multiplying the person years in each category of sex, age, and calendar period by the corresponding","unstructured":"The number of person years at risk was calculated for each sex by five year age group and calendar year up to the end of 1975, periods spent abroad being excluded. Expected 'numbers of deaths from different causes were calculated by multiplying the person years in each category of sex, age, and calendar period by the corresponding"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.287.6398.1015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.287.6398.1015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T22:42:01Z","timestamp":1765320121000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.287.6398.1015"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1983,10,8]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6398","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1983,10,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,10,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.287.6398.1015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.287.6398.1015","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1447","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1447","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-5833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1983,10,8]]}}}