{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T22:01:11Z","timestamp":1765404071440,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6437","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1984,7,14]],"date-time":"1984-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":458611200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,7,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The feasibility of determining sex by analysing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) with two probes specific for Y chromosomes was shown using DNA obtained from samples of blood from 30 non-related males and females of different ethnic origin. The DNA was spotted on nitrocellulose filters and hybridised with both a repetitive (P1) and a unique (49f) sequence specific for the human Y chromosome. A strong positive signal with both probes indicated the presence of male DNA. The sex of 12 fetuses was then similarly determined by molecular characterisation of DNA from trophoblast biopsy specimens. Chorionic samples were obtained in seven cases before termination of pregnancy in the first trimester and the aborted embryos subjected to karyotyping and sex chromatin analysis. In the five other cases samples were obtained from placentas obtained during caesarean section. Results of hybridisation were compared with those from cytogenic studies and actual sex at birth. The sex of all 12 fetuses was determined correctly by hybridisation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.289.6437.73","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T11:00:59Z","timestamp":1238670059000},"page":"73-76","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Rapid and early determination of sex using trophoblast biopsy specimens and Y chromosome specific DNA probes."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"289","author":[{"given":"G","family":"Vergnaud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Weissenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Dumez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Tiollais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Guellaen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1984,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Rapid screening test for antenatal sex determination","volume":"i:","author":"Lau, Y.F.; Huang, J.C.; Dozy, A.M.; Kan, Y.W.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Lau YF, Huang JC, Dozy AM, Kan YW. Rapid screening test for antenatal sex determination. Lancet 1984;i: 14-6.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00274761","article-title":"Efficient direct chromosome analyses and enzyme determinations from chorionic villi samples in the first trimester of pregnancy","volume":"63","author":"Simoni, G.; Brambati, B.; Danesino, C.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Simoni G, Brambati B, Danesino C, et al. Efficient direct chromosome analyses and enzyme determinations from chorionic villi samples in the first trimester of pregnancy. Hum Genet 1983;63:349-57.","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"1416","article-title":"Direct vision chorion biopsy and chromosome specific DNA probes for determination of foetal sex in first trimester prenatal diagnosis","volume":"ii:","author":"Gosden, JR, Mitchell; AR, Gosden; CM, Rodeck; CH, Morsman; J.M.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Gosden JR, Mitchell AR, Gosden CM, Rodeck CH, Morsman JM. Direct vision chorion biopsy and chromosome specific DNA probes for determination of foetal sex in first trimester prenatal diagnosis. Lancet 1982;ii:1416-9.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1038\/262182a0","article-title":"Repeated sequence specific to human males","volume":"262","author":"Cooke, H.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Cooke H. Repeated sequence specific to human males. Nature 1976;262: 182-6.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1038\/303831a0","article-title":"Single copy sequences specific for the human Y chromosome","volume":"303","author":"Bishop, C.; Guellaen, G.; Geldwerth, D.; Voss, R.; Fellous, M.; Weissenbach, J.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bishop C, Guellaen G, Geldwerth D, Voss R, Fellous M, Weissenbach J. Single copy sequences specific for the human Y chromosome. Nature 1983;303:831-2.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(84)90388-7","article-title":"Extensive sequence homologies between Y and other human chromosomes","volume":"173","author":"Bishop, C.; Guellaen, G.; Geldwerth, D.; Fellous, M.; Weissenbach, J.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bishop C, Guellaen G, Geldwerth D, Fellous M, Weissenbach J. Extensive sequence homologies between Y and other human chromosomes. J Mol Biol 1984;173:403-17.","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"7571","article-title":"Direct hybridization of sorted human chromosomes: localisation of the Y chromosome","volume-title":"on flow karyotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci","volume":"80","author":"Bernheim, A.; Metezeau, P.; Guellaen, G.; Fellous, M.; Goldberg, M.E.; Berger, R.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bernheim A, Metezeau P, Guellaen G, Fellous M, Goldberg ME, Berger R. Direct hybridization of sorted human chromosomes: localisation of the Y chromosome on flow karyotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1983;80:7571-5."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"85","article-title":"A method for fetal tissue sampling by chorion biopsy: a new approach to first trimester prenatal detection of abnormal genes","volume":"11","author":"Kaplan, L.; Dumez, Y.; Goossens, M.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kaplan L, Dumez Y, Goossens M. A method for fetal tissue sampling by chorion biopsy: a new approach to first trimester prenatal detection of abnormal genes. International Research Communications System Medical Science 1983;11:85-6.","journal-title":"International Research Communications System Medical Science"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198310063091405","article-title":"Prenatal diagnosis of sickle cell anemia in the first trimester of pregnancy","volume":"309","author":"Goossens, M.; Dumez, Y.; Kaplan, L.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Goossens M, Dumez Y, Kaplan L, et al. Prenatal diagnosis of sickle cell anemia in the first trimester of pregnancy. NEnglJrMed 1983;309:831-3.","journal-title":"NEnglJrMed"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1542","article-title":"Method of sampling chorionic villi in first trimester of pregnancy under guidance of real time ultrasound","volume":"286","author":"Ward, R.H.T.; Modell, B.; Petrou, M.; Karagozlu, F.; Douratsos, E.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ward RHT, Modell B, Petrou M, Karagozlu F, Douratsos E. Method of sampling chorionic villi in first trimester of pregnancy under guidance of real time ultrasound. Br MedJ7 1983;286:1542-4."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1038\/284372a0","article-title":"Partial nucleotide sequence of the 300 nucleotides interspersed repeated human DNA sequences","volume":"284","author":"t' Rubin CM; CM, Houck; PL, Deininger; J, Friedmann; CW, Schmid","year":"1980","unstructured":"t' Rubin CM, Houck CM, Deininger PL, Friedmann J, Schmid CW. Partial nucleotide sequence of the 300 nucleotides interspersed repeated human DNA sequences. Nature 1980;284:372-4.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00295587","article-title":"Confirmation of Y\/autosome translocation using recombinant DNA","volume":"50","author":"Cooke, H.J.; Noel, B.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Cooke HJ, Noel B. Confirmation of Y\/autosome translocation using recombinant DNA. Hum Genet 1979;50:39-44.","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1038\/272324a0","article-title":"Localisation of a male-specific DNA fragment to a sub-region of the human Y chromosome","volume":"272","author":"Bostock, C.J.; Gosden, JR, Mitchell; A.R.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Bostock CJ, Gosden JR, Mitchell AR. Localisation of a male-specific DNA fragment to a sub-region of the human Y chromosome. Nature 1978;272:324-8.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"article-title":"Accepted","year":"1984","key":"ref_14","unstructured":"(Accepted 16 May 1984)"},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Medical_Journal 1884.)","article-title":"Medical_Journal 1884.)"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.289.6437.73","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.289.6437.73","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T21:57:55Z","timestamp":1765403875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.289.6437.73"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1984,7,14]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6437","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1984,7,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,7,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.289.6437.73"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.289.6437.73","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1447","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0007-1447"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-5833"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1984,7,14]]}}}