{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T23:30:10Z","timestamp":1765409410183,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6457","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1984,12,1]],"date-time":"1984-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":470707200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>One hundred consecutive patients admitted to the National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, with pressure sores were studied to assess the relative importance of factors known to predispose to the development of scores. Loss of feeling was critical, because patients were unable to appreciate pain when the sore was developing. Risk of developing a sore increased with age, but duration of the paralysis was of equal importance. After discharge from hospital the presence of a caring relative or friend was essential for survival. Many patients developed sores because of poor facilities at home or inappropriate advice from those who looked after them. An even more distressing factor was the number of patients who developed sores in hospital owing to inadequate nursing care. There are relatively few paralysed patients in the community, but the lessons learnt in this study may be applied to all patients with orthopaedic injuries and to geriatric patients with limited mobility. Nursing and medical staff must turn patients regularly and ensure that there is proper equipment to relieve pressure on the skin. Patients should not be allowed to sit in a chair if they develop a sacral or trochanteric sore. More effort should be directed towards the appropriate education of patients, their relatives, and all those who are concerned with their welfare.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.289.6457.1487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T11:00:59Z","timestamp":1238670059000},"page":"1487-1490","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Aetiology of pressure sores in patients with spinal cord injury."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"289","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Thiyagarajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J R","family":"Silver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1984,12,1]]},"reference":[{"article-title":"A system of operative surgery, founded on the basis of anatomy","author":"Bell, C.","key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bell C. A system of operative surgery, founded on the basis of anatomy. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1809:135."},{"issue":"8","key":"ref_2","first-page":"481","article-title":"Experimental researches applied to physiology and pathology","volume":"1852","author":"Brown-Sequard, C.E.","unstructured":"Brown-Sequard CE. Experimental researches applied to physiology and pathology. Medical Examiner 1852;8:481-504.","journal-title":"Medical Examiner"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref_3","first-page":"161","article-title":"Sur quelques arthropathies qui paraissent dependre d'une lesion du cerveau ou de la moele epiniere","volume":"1868","author":"Charcot, J.M.","unstructured":"Charcot JM. Sur quelques arthropathies qui paraissent dependre d'une lesion du cerveau ou de la moele epiniere. Archives de Physiologie Normal et Pathologique. 1868;1:161-78.","journal-title":"Archives de Physiologie Normal et Pathologique"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"11","article-title":"Pressure sores and the spinal cord injured. Model Systems'","volume-title":"SCI Dzgest 1981; fall 3: 3: 9-18; winter 3: 3","author":"Young, J.S.; Burns, P.E.","unstructured":"Young JS, Burns PE. Pressure sores and the spinal cord injured. Model Systems' SCI Dzgest 1981;fall 3:3:9-18; winter 3:3:11-26."},{"issue":"27","key":"ref_5","first-page":"324","volume":"1876","author":"Fagge, C.H.","unstructured":"Fagge CH. Transactions of the Pathological Society of London 1876;27:324.","journal-title":"Transactions of the Pathological Society of London"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(34)90429-3","article-title":"Management of urologic complications in injuries to the spine; report of 54 cases without single infection in urinary tract","volume":"26","author":"Connors, JR, Nash; J.E.","year":"1934","unstructured":"Connors JR, Nash JE. Management of urologic complications in injuries to the spine; report of 54 cases without single infection in urinary tract. Am 7 Surg 1934;26:159-67.","journal-title":"Am 7 Surg"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"1057","article-title":"New viewpoint toward spinal cord injuries","volume":"124","author":"Kennedy, R.H.","year":"1946","unstructured":"Kennedy RH. New viewpoint toward spinal cord injuries. 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The pathophysiology and management of pressure sores. Orthopaedic Review 1973;11:10,25.","journal-title":"Orthopaedic Review"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"17","article-title":"Clinical research in patient support systems","volume":"1","author":"Bliss, M.R.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Bliss MR. Clinical research in patient support systems. Care Science and Practice 1981;1:17-36.","journal-title":"Care Science and Practice"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"235","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of pressure sores in acute spinal cord injuries","volume":"19","year":"1981","unstructured":"Richardson RR, Meyer PR. Prevalence and incidence of pressure sores in acute spinal cord injuries. Paraplegia 1981;19:235-74.","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"214","article-title":"The care and management of spinal cord itijuries","author":"Bedbrook, G.M.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Bedbrook GM. The care and management of spinal cord itijuries. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981:214."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"143","article-title":"ulcers-principles and techniques of management","author":"MBPressure, Constantin","year":"1980","unstructured":"Constantin MB, ed. Pressure ulcers-principles and techniques of management. Boston: Little Brown and Co, 1980:143-4."},{"key":"ref_15","article-title":"Pressure sores in an orthopaedic population: an epidemiological survey","author":"Versluysen, M.C.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Versluysen MC. Pressure sores in an orthopaedic population: an epidemiological survey. Nursing Research Papers 1983;No 1. (St Bartholomew's Hospital, London.)","journal-title":"Nursing Research Papers; No 1"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"182","article-title":"The married life of paraplegics and tetraplegics","volume":"2","author":"Guttmann, L.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Guttmann L. The married life of paraplegics and tetraplegics. Paraplegia 1964; 2:182-8.","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"article-title":"Accepted 25","year":"1984","key":"ref_17","unstructured":"(Accepted 25 October 1984)"},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Patient and methods A 29 year old man was admitted to hospital in 1969 for hypertension and glucosuria. Blood pressure was 160\/120 mm Hg despite treatment with chlorthalidone 50 mg daily during the previous two months. Intra-arterial blood pressure was normal, and glucosuria disappeared when the drug was stopped. In 1970 he was investigated further. X ray films of the heart were normal. Angiography showed minor, possibly hypertensive, changes of the intrarenal arteries. Funduscopic examination and tests for phaeochromocytoma and primary hyper-","article-title":"Patient and methods A 29 year old man was admitted to hospital in 1969 for hypertension and glucosuria. Blood pressure was 160\/120 mm Hg despite treatment with chlorthalidone 50 mg daily during the previous two months. Intra-arterial blood pressure was normal, and glucosuria disappeared when the drug was stopped. In 1970 he was investigated further. X ray films of the heart were normal. Angiography showed minor, possibly hypertensive, changes of the intrarenal arteries. Funduscopic examination and tests for phaeochromocytoma and primary hyper-"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.289.6457.1487","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.289.6457.1487","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T23:18:05Z","timestamp":1765408685000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.289.6457.1487"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1984,12,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6457","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1984,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,12,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.289.6457.1487"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.289.6457.1487","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1447","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0007-1447"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-5833"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1984,12,1]]}}}