{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T12:46:01Z","timestamp":1765543561416,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6465","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,2]],"date-time":"1985-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":476150400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Among 53 patients with hereditary protein C deficiency belonging to 20 families three women were encountered who, aged 27, 34, and 38 respectively, had had cerebral haemorrhagic infarction, probably due to intracranial venous thrombosis. All three had also had venous thrombosis of the leg and pulmonary embolism either before or after their cerebral infarction. One patient sustained cerebral infarction while receiving an oral contraceptive, but infarction in the two others occurred \"spontaneously.\" One patient also had an intraventricular and subarachnoid haemorrhage during the induction phase of coumarin treatment, which was assumed to have resulted from haemorrhagic infarction of the chorioid plexus, analogous to coumarin provoked haemorrhagic skin necrosis in protein C deficiency. Hereditary protein C deficiency should be considered in young patients with acute or subacute cerebral symptoms, especially if they have a family or personal history of venous thromboembolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.290.6465.350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T11:00:59Z","timestamp":1238670059000},"page":"350-352","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Cerebral haemorrhagic infarction in young patients with hereditary protein C deficiency: evidence for \"spontaneous\" cerebral venous thrombosis."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"290","author":[{"given":"A R","family":"Wintzen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A W","family":"Broekmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R M","family":"Bertina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Bri\u00ebt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P E","family":"Bri\u00ebt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Zecha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G J","family":"Vielvoye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G T","family":"Bots","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198308113090604","article-title":"Congenital protein C deficiency and venous thrombo-embolism. A study in three Dutch families","volume":"309","author":"Broekmans, A.W.; Veltkamp, J.J.; Bertina, R.M.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Broekmans AW, Veltkamp JJ, Bertina RM. Congenital protein C deficiency and venous thrombo-embolism. A study in three Dutch families. N Engl J Med 1983;309:340-4.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref_2","first-page":"1370","article-title":"Deficiency of protein C in congenital thrombotic disease. j Clin Invest","volume":"290","author":"JOURNAL, B.R.I.T.I.S.H.M.E.D.I.C.A.L.","year":"1985","unstructured":"BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL VOLUME 290 2 FEBRUARY 1985 2 Griffin JH, Evatt B, Zimmerman TS, Kleiss AJ, Wideman C. Deficiency of protein C in congenital thrombotic disease. j Clin Invest 1981;68:1370-3."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1665318","article-title":"Protein C deficiency in two Austrian families","volume":"50","year":"1983","unstructured":"Protein C deficiency in two Austrian families. Thromb Haemost 1983;50:810-3.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V59.5.1067.1067","article-title":"Mechanism of action of human activated protein C, a thrombin-dependent anticoagulant enzyme","volume":"59","author":"Marlar, R.A.; Kleiss, A.J.; Griffin, J.H.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Marlar RA, Kleiss AJ, Griffin JH. Mechanism of action of human activated protein C, a thrombin-dependent anticoagulant enzyme. Blood 1982;59:1067-72.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(73)90123-0","article-title":"Autoprothrombin II-A: thrombin removal and mechanism of induction of fibrinolysis","volume":"3","author":"Zolton, R.P.; Seegers, W.H.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Zolton RP, Seegers WH. Autoprothrombin II-A: thrombin removal and mechanism of induction of fibrinolysis. Thromb Res 1973;3:23-33.","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110368","article-title":"Generation of fibrinolytic activity by infusion of activated protein C in dogs","volume":"68","author":"Comp PC, Esmon CT","year":"1981","unstructured":"Comp PC, Esmon CT. Generation of fibrinolytic activity by infusion of activated protein C in dogs.J Clin Invest 1981;68:1221-8.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"904","article-title":"Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis due to familial antithrombin III deficiency: case report of two families","volume":"20","author":"Kobayashi, S.; Hino, H.; Hirasawa, Y.; Tazaki, Y.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Kobayashi S, Hino H, Hirasawa Y, Tazaki Y. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis due to familial antithrombin III deficiency: case report of two families. Clin Neurol 1980;20:904-10.","journal-title":"Clin Neurol"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.65.1.125","article-title":"Inherited antithrombin III deficiency and cerebral thrombosis in a child","volume":"65","author":"Ambruso, D.R.; Jacobson, C.J.; Hathaway, W.E.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Ambruso DR, Jacobson CJ, Hathaway WE. Inherited antithrombin III deficiency and cerebral thrombosis in a child. Pediatrics 1980;65:125-31.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1970.00480260026004","article-title":"Pseudotumor cerebri associated with idiopathic cryofibrinogenemia","volume":"23","author":"Dunsker, S.B.; Torres-Reyes, E.; Peden, J.C.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Dunsker SB, Torres-Reyes E, Peden JC. Pseudotumor cerebri associated with idiopathic cryofibrinogenemia. Arch Neurol 1970;23:120-7.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.50.590.767","article-title":"A case of primary cerebral thrombosis","volume":"50","author":"Brookfield, D.S.K.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Brookfield DSK. A case of primary cerebral thrombosis. Postgrad Med J 1974; 50:767-8.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"579","article-title":"Further studies on clotting changes in patients with cerebral sinus thrombosis. A case with thrombosis of right transverse sinus","volume":"108","author":"Girolami, A.; Rotilio, A.; Gerova, M.; Patiassi, G.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Girolami A, Rotilio A, Gerova M, Patiassi G. Further studies on clotting changes in patients with cerebral sinus thrombosis. A case with thrombosis of right transverse sinus. Folia Haematol (Leipz) 1981;108:579-604.","journal-title":"Folia Haematol (Leipz)"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"244","article-title":"Protein C and the development of skin necrosis during anticoagulant therapy","volume":"49","author":"Broekmans, A.W.; Bertina, R.M.; Loeliger, E.A.; Hofmann, V.; Klingemann, H.-G.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Broekmans AW, Bertina RM, Loeliger EA, Hofmann V, Klingemann H-G. Protein C and the development of skin necrosis during anticoagulant therapy. Thromb Haemost 1983;49:244.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1661040","article-title":"Successful progressive anticoagulation in a severe protein C deficiency and previous skin necrosis at the initiation of oral anticoagulant treatment","volume":"51","author":"Samama, M.; Horellou, M.H.; Soria, J.; Conard, J.; Nicolas, G.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Samama M, Horellou MH, Soria J, Conard J, Nicolas G. Successful progressive anticoagulation in a severe protein C deficiency and previous skin necrosis at the initiation of oral anticoagulant treatment. Thromb Haemost 1984;51:132-3.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-101-1-59","article-title":"Coumarin-induced necrosis in a patient with familial protein C deficiency","volume":"101","author":"McGehee, W.G.; Klotz, T.A.; Epstein, D.J.; Rapaport, S.I.","year":"1984","unstructured":"McGehee WG, Klotz TA, Epstein DJ, Rapaport SI. Coumarin-induced necrosis in a patient with familial protein C deficiency. Ann Intern Med 1984;101:59-60.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"209","article-title":"The control of haemostasis: role of endothelium in the regulation of inhibitory and catabolic pathways","volume":"106","author":"Owen, W.G.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Owen WG. The control of haemostasis: role of endothelium in the regulation of inhibitory and catabolic pathways. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1982;106:209-13.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"41","article-title":"Die Hirnvenen und Sinusthrombosen. Monographien aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Neurologie und","volume":"106","author":"Noetzel, A.; Jerusalem, F.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Noetzel A, Jerusalem F. Die Hirnvenen und Sinusthrombosen. Monographien aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Neurologie und Psychiatrie 1965;106:41.","journal-title":"Psychiatrie"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1110696","article-title":"Beitrag zur Diagnostik der inneren Hirnvenenthrombose","volume":"91","author":"Filippa, G.; Regli, F.; Yasargil, M.G.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Filippa G, Regli F, Yasargil MG. Beitrag zur Diagnostik der inneren Hirnvenenthrombose. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1966;91:1025-34. (Accepted I November 1984)","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.290.6465.350","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.290.6465.350","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T12:43:09Z","timestamp":1765543389000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.290.6465.350"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,2]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6465","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.290.6465.350"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.290.6465.350","relation":{},"ISSN":["0267-0623","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0267-0623"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-5833"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,2]]}}}