{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T15:38:53Z","timestamp":1770478733693,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6466","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,9]],"date-time":"1985-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":476755200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The independent and joint associations of serum selenium and vitamin A (retinol) and E (alpha tocopherol) concentrations with the risk of death from cancer were studied in 51 case-control pairs--that is, 51 patients with cancer, each paired with a control matched for age, sex, and smoking. Case-control pairs came from a random sample of some 12000 people aged 30-64 years resident in two provinces of eastern Finland who were followed up for four years. Patients who died of cancer during the follow up period had a 12% lower mean serum selenium concentration (p = 0.015) than the controls. The difference persisted when deaths from cancer in the first follow up year were excluded. The adjusted risk of fatal cancer was 5.8-fold (95% confidence interval 1.2-29.0) among subjects in the lowest tertile of selenium concentrations compared with those with higher values. Subjects with both low selenium and low alpha tocopherol concentrations in serum had an 11.4-fold adjusted risk. Among smoking men with cancer serum retinol concentrations were 26% lower than in smoking controls (p = 0.002). These data suggest that dietary selenium deficiency is associated with an increased risk of fatal cancer, that low vitamin E intake may enhance this effect, and that decreased vitamin or provitamin A intake contributes to the risk of lung cancer among smoking men with a low selenium intake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.290.6466.417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T11:00:59Z","timestamp":1238670059000},"page":"417-420","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":236,"title":["Risk of cancer in relation to serum concentrations of selenium and vitamins A and E: matched case-control analysis of prospective data."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"290","author":[{"given":"J T","family":"Salonen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Salonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Lappetel\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P H","family":"M\u00e4enp\u00e4\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Alfthan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Puska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"130","article-title":"Prediagnostic serum selenium and risk of cancer","volume":"ii:","author":"Willet, W.C.; Morris, J.S.; Pressel, S.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Willet WC, Morris JS, Pressel S, et al. 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Carcinogenesis 1982;3:1453-6.","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"273","article-title":"Vitamin E potentiates the prophylactic effect of selenium in chemicallyinduced mammary tumorigenesis","volume":"23","author":"Ip, G.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Ip G. Vitamin E potentiates the prophylactic effect of selenium in chemicallyinduced mammary tumorigenesis. Proceedings of the American Association of Cancer Research 1982;23:273.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the American Association of Cancer Research"},{"key":"ref_30","article-title":"Assembly of life sciences. National Research Council: diet, nutrition, and cancer","author":"on Diet, Committee; Nutrition; Cancer","year":"1982","unstructured":"Committee on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer. Assembly of life sciences. National Research Council: diet, nutrition, and cancer. 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