{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T05:03:12Z","timestamp":1779339792895,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6466","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,9]],"date-time":"1985-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":476755200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The epidemiological characteristics of platelet aggregability were established in 958 participants in the Northwick Park Heart Study. The main analyses were based on the dose of adenosine diphosphate at which primary aggregation occurred at half its maximum velocity. Aggregability increased with age in both sexes, was greater in whites than blacks (particularly among men), and tended to decrease with the level of habitual alcohol consumption. Aggregability was, however, greater in women than men and in nonsmokers than smokers. There was no relation between aggregability on the one hand and obesity, current or past oral contraceptive use, menopausal state, or blood cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations on the other. Aggregability was somewhat, though not significantly, higher in men with a history of ischaemic heart disease and in those with electrocardiographic evidence of ischaemia than in those without. There was a strong association between the plasma fibrinogen concentration and aggregability. The widely held concept of platelet aggregability and its implications is probably an oversimplification. In the prevention of thrombosis it may be as useful to consider modifying external influences on platelet behaviour, such as plasma fibrinogen concentration or thrombin production, as it is to rely solely on platelet active agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.290.6466.428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T11:00:59Z","timestamp":1238670059000},"page":"428-432","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":243,"title":["Epidemiological characteristics of platelet aggregability."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"290","author":[{"given":"T W","family":"Meade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M V","family":"Vickers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S G","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Stirling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A P","family":"Haines","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G J","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Quantitative investigations into the aggregation of blood platelets","volume":"162","author":"Born, G.V.R.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Born GVR. Quantitative investigations into the aggregation of blood platelets. J Physiol 1962;162:67-8P.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1038\/194927b0","article-title":"Aggregation of blood platelets by adenosine diphosphate and its reversal","author":"Born, G.V.R.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Born GVR. Aggregation of blood platelets by adenosine diphosphate and its reversal. Nature 1962;194:927-9.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071448","article-title":"Populationbased distributions of haemostatic variables","volume":"33","author":"Meade, T.W.; North, W.R.S.; Chakrabarti, R.; Haines, A.P.; Stirling, Y.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Meade TW, North WRS, Chakrabarti R, Haines AP, Stirling Y. Populationbased distributions of haemostatic variables. Br Med Bull 1977;33:283-8.","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1050","article-title":"Haemostatic function and cardiovascular death: early results of a prospective study","volume":"i:","author":"Meade, T.W.; North, W.R.S.; Chakrabarti, R.; Stirling, Y.; Haines, A.P.; Thompson, S.G.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Meade TW, North WRS, Chakrabarti R, Stirling Y, Haines AP, Thompson SG. Haemostatic function and cardiovascular death: early results of a prospective study. Lancet 1980;i:1050-4.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1976.tb03582.x","article-title":"An epidemiological study of the haemostatic and other effects of oral contraceptives","volume":"34","author":"Meade, T.W.; Brozovic, M.; Chakrabarti, R.; Howarth, D.J.; North, W.R.S.; Stirling, Y.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Meade TW, Brozovic M, Chakrabarti R, Howarth DJ, North WRS, Stirling Y. An epidemiological study of the haemostatic and other effects of oral contraceptives. Br J Haematol 1976;34:353.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"353","article-title":"Lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in 1604 men and women in working populations in north-west London","volume":"ii:","author":"Slack, J.; Noble, N.; Meade, T.W.; North, W.R.S.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Slack J, Noble N, Meade TW, North WRS. Lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in 1604 men and women in working populations in north-west London. Br MedJ3 1977;ii:353-6."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"153","article-title":"Characteristics affecting fibrinolytic activity and plasma fibrinogen concentrations. Br Med J'","volume":"i:","author":"Meade, T.W.; Chakrabarti, R.; Haines, A.P.; North, W.R.S.; Stirling, Y.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Meade TW, Chakrabarti R, Haines AP, North WRS, Stirling Y. Characteristics affecting fibrinolytic activity and plasma fibrinogen concentrations. Br Med J' 1979;i: 153-6."},{"key":"ref_8","article-title":"Methods in dose response platelet aggregometry. Thromb Haemost","author":"Thompson, S.G.; Vickers, M.V.","unstructured":"Thompson SG, Vickers MV. Methods in dose response platelet aggregometry. Thromb Haemost (in press)."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"251","article-title":"2R stepwise regression","volume-title":"statistical software","author":"Dixon, W.J.; Jennrich, R.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Dixon WJ, Jennrich R. 2R stepwise regression. In: Dixon WJ, ed. BMDP statistical software. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1981:251-64."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"264","article-title":"All possible subsets regression","volume-title":"statistical software","author":"ga Frane J. 9R","year":"1981","unstructured":"ga Frane J. 9R. All possible subsets regression. In: Dixon WJ, ed. BMDP statistical software. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1981:264-77."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"147","article-title":"A method of analysis of laboratory data in an epidemiological study where time-trends are present","volume-title":"Statistics in Medicine 1983; 2","author":"Thompson, S.G.","unstructured":"Thompson SG. A method of analysis of laboratory data in an epidemiological study where time-trends are present. Statistics in Medicine 1983;2:147-53."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1982.tb01922.x","article-title":"Effect of ADP-utilizing enzymes on the arterial bleeding time in rats and rabbits","volume":"50","author":"Zawilska, K.M.; Born, G.V.R.; Begent, N.A.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Zawilska KM, Born GVR, Begent NA. Effect of ADP-utilizing enzymes on the arterial bleeding time in rats and rabbits. BrJ Haematol 1982;50:317-25.","journal-title":"BrJ Haematol"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"115","article-title":"A comparison of spontaneous platelet aggregation in whole blood with platelet rich plasma: additional evidence for the role of ADP","volume":"1","author":"Saniabadi, A.R.; Lowe, G.D.O.; Barbenel, J.C.; Forbes, C.D.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Saniabadi AR, Lowe GDO, Barbenel JC, Forbes CD. A comparison of spontaneous platelet aggregation in whole blood with platelet rich plasma: additional evidence for the role of ADP. Thromb Haemost 1984;1:115-8.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/253355a0","article-title":"Sex and age differences in human platelet aggregation","volume":"253","author":"Johnson, M.; Ramey, E.; Ramwell, P.W.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Johnson M, Ramey E, Ramwell PW. Sex and age differences in human platelet aggregation. Nature 1975;253:355-7.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(81)90233-4","article-title":"Sex differences in the platelet response to aspirin","volume":"23","author":"Coppe, D.; Wessinger, S.J.; Ransil, B.J.; Harris, W.; Salzman, E.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Coppe D, Wessinger SJ, Ransil BJ, Harris W, Salzman E. Sex differences in the platelet response to aspirin. Thromb Res 1981;23:1-21.","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1657296","article-title":"Sex difference in circulating platelet aggregates and response to antiplatelet treatment","volume":"48","author":"Nenci, G.G.; Agnelli, G.; Parise, P.; Merante, F.; Ballatori, E.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Nenci GG, Agnelli G, Parise P, Merante F, Ballatori E. Sex difference in circulating platelet aggregates and response to antiplatelet treatment. Thromb Haemost 1982;48:341.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197712082972302","article-title":"Aspirin prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism after total hip replacement","volume":"297","author":"Harris, W.H.; Salzman, E.W.; Athanasoulis, C.A.; Waitman, A.C.; DeSanctis, R.W.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Harris WH, Salzman EW, Athanasoulis CA, Waitman AC, DeSanctis RW. Aspirin prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism after total hip replacement. N Englj Med 1977;297:1246-9.","journal-title":"N Englj Med"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197807132990201","article-title":"The Canadian Cooperative Study Group. A randomized trial of aspirin and sulfinpyrazone in threatened stroke","volume":"299","year":"1978","unstructured":"The Canadian Cooperative Study Group. A randomized trial of aspirin and sulfinpyrazone in threatened stroke. N EnglJ3 Med 1978;299:53-9.","journal-title":"N EnglJ3 Med"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/236450a0","article-title":"Smoking, platelets and thrombosis","volume":"236","author":"Hawkins, R.I.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Hawkins RI. Smoking, platelets and thrombosis. Nature 1972;236:450-2.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"619","article-title":"Smoking and platelet function","volume":"48","author":"Levine, P.H.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Levine PH. Smoking and platelet function. Circulation 1973;48:619-23.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1660996","article-title":"The effects of acute smoking on platelet behaviour, fibrinolysis and haemorheology in habitual smokers","volume":"51","author":"Belch, J.J.F.; McArdle, B.M.; Burns, P.; Lowe, G.D.O.; Forbes, C.D.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Belch JJF, McArdle BM, Burns P, Lowe GDO, Forbes CD. The effects of acute smoking on platelet behaviour, fibrinolysis and haemorheology in habitual smokers. Thromb Haemost 1984;51:6-8.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(74)90747-5","article-title":"The effect of ethanol on hemostatic properties of human blood platelets","volume":"56","author":"Haut, M.J.; Cowan, D.H.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Haut MJ, Cowan DH. The effect of ethanol on hemostatic properties of human blood platelets. Am J Med 1974;56:22.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1661017","article-title":"Interactions between ethanol and dietary fat in determining human platelet function","volume":"51","author":"Fenn, C.G.; Littleton, J.M.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Fenn CG, Littleton JM. Interactions between ethanol and dietary fat in determining human platelet function. Thromb Haemost 1984;51:50-3.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/13.2.160","article-title":"Alcohol and coronary heart disease","volume":"13","author":"Marmot, M.G.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Marmot MG. Alcohol and coronary heart disease. Int J Epidemiol 1984;13: 160-7.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1657292","article-title":"Platelet aggregation in whole blood determined using the Ultra-Flo 100 platelet counter","volume":"48","author":"Fox, S.C.; Burgess-Wilson, M.; Heptinstall, S.; Mitchell, J.R.A.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Fox SC, Burgess-Wilson M, Heptinstall S, Mitchell JRA. Platelet aggregation in whole blood determined using the Ultra-Flo 100 platelet counter. Thromb Haemost 1982;48:327-9.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"180","article-title":"Platelets","volume-title":"blood coagulation haemostasis and thrombosis","author":"Born, G.V.R.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Born GVR. Platelets. In: Biggs R, ed. Human blood coagulation haemostasis and thrombosis. Oxford: Blackwell, 1976:180."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"2","article-title":"Requirements for aggregation of washed human platelets suspended in buffered salt solutions","volume":"28","author":"Harbury, C.B.; Hershgold, J.E.; Schrier, S.L.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Harbury CB, Hershgold JE, Schrier SL. Requirements for aggregation of washed human platelets suspended in buffered salt solutions. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 1972;28:2-13.","journal-title":"Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108045","article-title":"Inhibition of human platelet aggregation by monovalent antifibrinogen antibody fragments","volume":"55","author":"Tollefsen, D.M.; Majerus, P.W.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Tollefsen DM, Majerus PW. Inhibition of human platelet aggregation by monovalent antifibrinogen antibody fragments. J Clin Invest 1975;55:1259-68.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"3","article-title":"Plasma fibrinogen-a major coronary risk factor","volume-title":"czrdiovascular diseases","author":"Stone, M.C.; Thorp, J.M.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Stone MC, Thorp JM. Plasma fibrinogen-a major coronary risk factor. In: Lenzi S, Descovich GC, eds. Atherosclerosis and czrdiovascular diseases. Bologna: Editrice Compositori, 1984:3-10."},{"issue":"311","key":"ref_30","first-page":"501","article-title":"Fibrinogen as a risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction","volume":"1984","author":"Wilhelmsen, L.; L, Tibblin G.","unstructured":"Wilhelmsen L, Svardsudd K, Kosran-Bengtsen K, Larsson B, Welin L, Tibblin G. Fibrinogen as a risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction. N Engl 7 Med 1984,311:501-5.","journal-title":"N Engl 7 Med"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(79)90246-9","article-title":"Increased platelet aggregates in vascular and non-vascular illness: correlation with plasma fibrinogen and effect of ancrod","volume":"14","author":"Lowe, G.D.O.; Reavey, M.M.; Johnston, R.V.; Forbes, C.D.; Prentice, C.R.M.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Lowe GDO, Reavey MM, Johnston RV, Forbes CD, Prentice CRM. Increased platelet aggregates in vascular and non-vascular illness: correlation with plasma fibrinogen and effect of ancrod. Thromnb Res 1979;14:377-86.","journal-title":"Thromnb Res"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197402212900805","article-title":"Platelet function in hyperbetalipoproteinaemia","volume":"290","author":"Carvalho, A.C.A.; Coleman, R.W.; Lees, R.S.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Carvalho ACA, Coleman RW, Lees RS. Platelet function in hyperbetalipoproteinaemia. N Etngl J Med 1974;290:434-8.","journal-title":"N Etngl J Med"},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"1503","article-title":"Increased plasma fibrinogen and IHD-aggregates in type II hyperlipoproteinaemia","volume":"42","author":"Lowe, G.D.O.; Drummond, M.M.; Third, J.L.H.C.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Lowe GDO, Drummond MM, Third JLHC, et al. Increased plasma fibrinogen and IHD-aggregates in type II hyperlipoproteinaemia. Thromb Haemosr 1980;42:1503-7.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemosr"},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"417","article-title":"Laboratory evaluation of hypercoagulability","volume":"8","author":"Lowe, G.D.O.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lowe GDO. Laboratory evaluation of hypercoagulability. Cli't Haematol 1981; 8:417-20.","journal-title":"Cli't Haematol"},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"576","article-title":"Clinical, haemodynamic, rheological and biochemical findings in 126 patients with intermittent claudication","volume":"iv:","author":"Dormandy, J.A.; Hoare, E.; Colley, J.; Arrowsmith, D.E.; Dormandy, T.L.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Dormandy JA, Hoare E, Colley J, Arrowsmith DE, Dormandy TL. Clinical, haemodynamic, rheological and biochemical findings in 126 patients with intermittent claudication. Br Med J 1973;iv:576-81.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref_36","article-title":"The effect of physiological levels of fibrinogen on platelet aggregation. Thromb Res","author":"Meade, T.W.; Vickers, M.V.; Thompson, S.G.; Seghatchian, J.","unstructured":"Meade TW, Vickers MV, Thompson SG, Seghatchian J. The effect of physiological levels of fibrinogen on platelet aggregation. Thromb Res (in press)."},{"key":"ref_37","article-title":"Accepted I","year":"1984","unstructured":"(Accepted I November 1984)"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.290.6466.428","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.290.6466.428","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T12:48:39Z","timestamp":1765543719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.290.6466.428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,9]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6466","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.290.6466.428"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.290.6466.428","relation":{},"ISSN":["0267-0623","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0267-0623","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-5833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,2,9]]}}}