{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T15:15:47Z","timestamp":1765552547266,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6476","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1985,4,20]],"date-time":"1985-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":482803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,4,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A double blind trial was conducted in 477 mothers in labour to compare the antiemetics metoclopramide 10 mg and promethazine 25 mg and placebo when added to the first dose of pethidine. Metoclopramide and promethazine were equally effective, and both better than placebo, in reducing the incidence of nausea and vomiting after the administration of pethidine. Seventy seven per cent of mothers were drowsy, and 8% slept in the hour after the pethidine injection, with no difference between the groups. The sedative effect was more persistent in the promethazine group, 66% of whom were still drowsy after delivery. One third of the mothers in each group needed further analgesia, with 77% of these ultimately requesting an epidural. The reduction in pain half an hour and one hour after pethidine, assessed by a visual analogue scale, were, respectively, 22% and 22% for placebo; 26% and 23% for metoclopramide; 13% and 9% for promethazine. Analgesia after metoclopramide was significantly better than that after promethazine in terms of pain score, duration of first injection, and need for Entonox. Metoclopramide is therefore to be preferred to promethazine as an antiemetic in labour.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.290.6476.1173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T11:00:59Z","timestamp":1238670059000},"page":"1173-1175","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Comparison of the antiemetics metoclopramide and promethazine in labour."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"290","author":[{"given":"L","family":"Vella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Houlton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1985,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1957.tb03632.x","article-title":"Promethazine and pethidine in anaesthesia. 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Postgrad Med _' 1973;49 (suppl 4):53-7."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"890","article-title":"Narcotic analgesics and delayed gastric emptying during labour","volume":"i:","author":"Nimmo, W.S.; Wilson, J.; Prescott, L.F.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Nimmo WS, Wilson J, Prescott LF. Narcotic analgesics and delayed gastric emptying during labour. Lancet 1975;i:890-3.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref_9","first-page":"113","article-title":"Effect of metoclopramide on gastric emptying before elective and emergency Caeserean section","volume":"56","author":"Murphy, D.F.; Nally, B.; Gardiner, J.; Unwin, A.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Murphy DF, Nally B, Gardiner J, Unwin A. Effect of metoclopramide on gastric emptying before elective and emergency Caeserean section. Br J Anaesth 1984;56:1 113-6.","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/43.6.613","article-title":"A double-blind comparison of the antiemetic effect during labour of metoclopramide and perphenazine. Br]'","volume":"43","author":"McGarry, J.M.","year":"1971","unstructured":"McGarry JM. A double-blind comparison of the antiemetic effect during labour of metoclopramide and perphenazine. Br]' Anaesth 1971;43:613-5.","journal-title":"Anaesth"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5354.423","article-title":"Double-blind trials of promazine in labour","volume":"7","author":"Matthews, A.E.B.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Matthews AEB. Double-blind trials of promazine in labour. Br Med 7 1963; ii:423-7.","journal-title":"Br Med"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"658","article-title":"Antiemetics: neurotransmitter receptor binding predicts therapeutic action","volume":"i:","author":"Petroutka, S.J.; Synder, S.H.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Petroutka SJ, Synder SH. Antiemetics: neurotransmitter receptor binding predicts therapeutic action. Lancet 1982;i:658-9.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1984.tb08907.x","article-title":"Post-operative vomiting","volume":"39","author":"Howard, W.V.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Howard WV. Post-operative vomiting. Anaesthesia 1984;39:1035.","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"409","article-title":"A controlled trial of extradural fentanyl in labour","volume":"54","author":"Justins, D.; Francis, D.M.; Houlton, P.G.; Reynolds, F.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Justins D, Francis DM, Houlton PG, Reynolds F. 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