{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T23:57:13Z","timestamp":1770508633798,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6597","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,8,29]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.295.6597.530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T19:19:55Z","timestamp":1238699995000},"page":"530-532","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Hepatitis B in general practice: epidemiology, clinical and serological features, and control."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"295","author":[{"given":"W B","family":"Clee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P R","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036208","article-title":"The transmission and outcome of hepatitis A, B and non A, non B: a review","volume":"1","author":"Francis, D.P.; Maynard, J.E.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Francis DP, Maynard JE. The transmission and outcome of hepatitis A, B and non A, non B: a review. Epidemiol Rev 1979;1:17-31.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890090209","article-title":"Perinatal transmissionofthehepatitis B virusand of the HBV-associated delta agent from mothers to offspring in northern Italy","volume":"9","author":"ZanettiAR, FeroniP; MaglianoEM, etal","year":"1982","unstructured":"ZanettiAR, FeroniP, MaglianoEM, etal. Perinatal transmissionofthehepatitis B virusand of the HBV-associated delta agent from mothers to offspring in northern Italy. J Med Virol 1982;9:139-48.","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"237","article-title":"HBeAg and anti-HBe detection by radioimmunoassay: correlation with vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in Taiwan","volume":"3","author":"Stevens, C.E.; Neurath, R.A.; Beasley, R.P.; Szmuness, W.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Stevens CE, Neurath RA, Beasley RP, Szmuness W. HBeAg and anti-HBe detection by radioimmunoassay: correlation with vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in Taiwan.JMed Virol 1979;3:237-41.","journal-title":"JMed Virol"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197604012941402","article-title":"e Antigen and anti e in the serum of asymptomatic carrier mothers as indicators of positive and negative transmission of hepatitis B virus to their infants","volume":"294","author":"Okada, K.; Kamiyarma, I.; Inomata, M.; Imai, M.; Miyakawa, Y.; Mayumi, M.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Okada K, Kamiyarma I, Inomata M, Imai M, Miyakawa Y, Mayumi M. e Antigen and anti e in the serum of asymptomatic carrier mothers as indicators of positive and negative transmission of hepatitis B virus to their infants. NEnglJMed 1976;294:746-9.","journal-title":"NEnglJMed"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"336","article-title":"Epidemiology of sexually transmitted hepatitis B infections in heterosexuals: a review","volume":"8","author":"Judson, F.N.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Judson FN. Epidemiology of sexually transmitted hepatitis B infections in heterosexuals: a review. Sex Transm Dis 1981;8(suppl):336-43.","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197511202932101","article-title":"Hepatitis B immune globulin as a prophylactic measure for spouses exposed to acute type B hepatitis","volume":"293","author":"Redeker, A.G.; Mosley, J.W.; Gocke, D.J.; McKee, A.P.; Pollack, W.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Redeker AG, Mosley JW, Gocke DJ, McKee AP, Pollack W. Hepatitis B immune globulin as a prophylactic measure for spouses exposed to acute type B hepatitis. N Engl J Med 1975;293: 1055-9.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1977.03280250051022","article-title":"Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HBsAg: prevalence in homosexual and heterosexual men","volume":"238","author":"Dietzman, D.E.; Hamisch, J.P.; Ray, G.; Alexander, E.R.; Holmes, K.K.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Dietzman DE, Hamisch JP, Ray G, Alexander ER, Holmes KK. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HBsAg: prevalence in homosexual and heterosexual men. JAMA 1977;238:2625-6.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/146.1.7","article-title":"Hepatitis B in homosexual men: prevalence of infection and factors related to transmnission","volume":"146","author":"Schreeder, M.T.; Thompson, S.E.; Hadler, S.C.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Schreeder MT, Thompson SE, Hadler SC, et al. Hepatitis B in homosexual men: prevalence of infection and factors related to transmnission.JInfectDis 1982;146:7-15.","journal-title":"JInfectDis"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197806222982502","article-title":"Type B hepatitis after transfusion with blood containing antibody to hepatitis B core antigen","volume":"298","author":"Hoofnagle, J.H.; Seeff, L.B.; Buskell-Bales, Z.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Hoofnagle JH, Seeff LB, Buskell-Bales Z, et al. Type B hepatitis after transfusion with blood containing antibody to hepatitis B core antigen. N EnglJ Med 1978;298:1379-83.","journal-title":"N EnglJ Med"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1356","article-title":"Risk of contracting hepatitis B from discarded syringes","volume":"i:","author":"Cocchi, P.; Siknzi, M.; Corti, R.; Nieri, R.; De Magio, E.; Parri, F.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cocchi P, Siknzi M, Corti R, Nieri R, De Magio E, Parri F. Risk of contracting hepatitis B from discarded syringes. Lancet 1984;i: 1356.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"535","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus serum markers (HBsAg, anti HBs, anti HBc): prevalence among drug addicts in north-east Italy","volume-title":"BoU Ist Sieroter Milan","volume":"66","author":"Floreani, A.; Chiaramonte, M.; Zago, E.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Floreani A, Chiaramonte M, Zago E, et al. Hepatitis B virus serum markers (HBsAg, anti HBs, anti HBc): prevalence among drug addicts in north-east Italy. BoU Ist Sieroter Milan 1981;66:535-7."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90542-5","article-title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and delta agent in parenteral drug abusers: immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine","volume":"81","author":"Kunches, L.M.; Craven, D.E.; Wemner, B.G.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kunches LM, Craven DE, Wemner BG. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and delta agent in parenteral drug abusers: immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine. AmJ Med 1986;81:591-5.","journal-title":"AmJ Med"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"37","article-title":"Acute viral hepatitis B: laboratory reports 1980-4","volume":"293","author":"Polakoff, S.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Polakoff S. Acute viral hepatitis B: laboratory reports 1980-4. BrMedJ 1986;293:37-8.","journal-title":"BrMedJ"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"175","article-title":"Diagnostic methods in clinical virology","author":"Grist, N.R.; Bell, E.J.; Follett, E.A.C.; Urquhart, G.E.D.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Grist NR, Bell EJ, Follett EAC, Urquhart GED. Diagnostic methods in clinical virology. London: Blackwell Scientific, 1979:175-92."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1983.03330390071037","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of hepatitis B","volume":"249","author":"Ahtone, J.; Maynard, J.E.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ahtone J, Maynard JE. Laboratory diagnosis of hepatitis B.JAMA 1983;249:2067-8.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(85)90007-6","article-title":"Post-exposure active inimunoprophylaxis of spouses of acute viral hepatitis B patients","volume":"3","author":"Roumeliotou-Karayannis, A.; Papaevangelou, G.; Tassopoulos, N.; Richardson, S.C.; Krugman, S.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Roumeliotou-Karayannis A, Papaevangelou G, Tassopoulos N, Richardson SC, Krugman S. Post-exposure active inimunoprophylaxis of spouses of acute viral hepatitis B patients. Vaccine 1985;3:31-4.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198209093071103","article-title":"Indications for use of hepatitis B vaccine, based on cost-effectiveness analysis","volume":"307","author":"Mulley, A.G.; Silverstein, M.D.; Dienstag, J.L.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Mulley AG, Silverstein MD, Dienstag JL. Indications for use of hepatitis B vaccine, based on cost-effectiveness analysis. N EnglJMed 1982;307:644-52.","journal-title":"N EnglJMed"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"1621","article-title":"Should homosexuals be vaccinated against hepatitis B virus? Cost and benefit assessment","volume":"286","author":"Adier, M.W.; Belsey, E.M.; McCutchan, J.A.; Mindel, A.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Adier MW, Belsey EM, McCutchan JA, Mindel A. Should homosexuals be vaccinated against hepatitis B virus? Cost and benefit assessment. BrMedJ 1983;286:1621-4.","journal-title":"BrMedJ"},{"key":"ref_19","author":"Accepted 3OJaly 1987)","unstructured":"(Accepted 3OJaly 1987)"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.295.6597.530","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T22:40:15Z","timestamp":1601073615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.295.6597.530"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987,8,29]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6597","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,8,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.295.6597.530","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8138","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-8138","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-5833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1987,8,29]]}}}