{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T19:58:03Z","timestamp":1773518283995,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6642","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1988,7,16]],"date-time":"1988-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":585014400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,7,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The incidences of postpartum haemorrhage and retained placenta have decreased with the use of synthetic oxytocin and controlled cord traction. Whether such treatment is valuable is open to question because of the lack of clinical and physiological studies. The physiological effects of synthetic oxytocin on plasma concentrations of oxytocin and events during delivery were assessed. Plasma oxytocin concentration was determined in serial samples during the late second stage and throughout the third stage of labour in 25 women. Ten women received combined ergotamine and synthetic oxytocin intramuscularly and 15 were not treated. The geometric mean plasma oxytocin concentration significantly increased in the women given oxytocin when measured before and after delivery of the fetal anterior shoulder (3.1 (SD 2.0) pmol\/l before and 15.9 (2.7) pmol\/l after). Six of the women who did not receive treatment showed a significant increase in geometric mean plasma oxytocin concentration before and after delivery of the fetal shoulder (3.2 (2.0) pmol\/l before and 6.4 (2.0) pmol\/l after) and nine did not show an increase (geometric mean 2.4 (3.1) pmol\/l before and 2.2 (2.2) pmol\/l after). Of these nine women, two had an abnormal third stage of delivery; one woman had a postpartum haemorrhage and one required manual removal of the placenta. As it is impossible to predict which women will show a rise in the plasma concentration of endogenous oxytocin, intramuscular oxytocin should be given routinely.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.297.6642.167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,2]],"date-time":"2009-04-02T15:19:55Z","timestamp":1238685595000},"page":"167-169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Plasma oxytocin during third stage of labour: comparison of natural and active management."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"297","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Thornton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Davison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. H.","family":"Baylis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1988,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","article-title":"A parent's guudc to modern chluldbirth","author":"Birthriglts, Inch S.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Inch S. Birthriglts. A parent's guudc to modern chluldbirth. London: Hutchinson, 1982."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Management of the third stage of labour-another cascade of intervention","volume":"1","author":"Inch, S.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Inch S. Management of the third stage of labour-another cascade of intervention. Msldwuufert 1985;1:1:14-22.","journal-title":"Msldwuufert"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1972.tb14215.x","article-title":"Circulating levels of oxvtocin following IV and IM administration of Syntometrine","volume":"79","year":"1972","unstructured":"Gibbens (iLD, Boyd NRH, Chard T, Croker S, Baumber S. Circulating levels of oxvtocin following IV and IM administration of Syntometrine. Journal of Obstetrics and Givnaecologv of the British Common2vealth 1972;79:644-6.","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Givnaecologv of the British Common2vealth"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"17","article-title":"Chalmers 1. Choice of oxytocin preparation for routine use in the management of the third stage of labour: an overview of the exvidence from controlled trials","volume":"95","author":"Elbourne, D.; Prendiville, W.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Elbourne D, Prendiville W, Chalmers 1. Choice of oxytocin preparation for routine use in the management of the third stage of labour: an overview of the exvidence from controlled trials. Br 7 Obstet GCynaecol 1988;95:17-30."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0580143","article-title":"'I'he radioimmunoassav of oxvtocin and vasopressin","volume":"58","author":"Chard, T.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Chard T. 'I'he radioimmunoassav of oxvtocin and vasopressin. J Endocrinol 1973;58:143-60.","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"215","article-title":"Plasma oxvtocin levels during pregnancy and labor","volume":"119","author":"Kumaresan, P.; P'B, Anandarangam; Diazon, W.; Vasika, A.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Kumaresan P, Anandarangam P'B, Diazon W, Vasika A. Plasma oxvtocin levels during pregnancy and labor as determined by radioimmunoassav.,lm 7 O)bstet fGvnecol 1974;119:215-23."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Extracellular recordings from oxytocin neurones during the expulsive phase of birth in unanaesthetized rats..7 Phvsiiol","volume":"321","author":"Summerlee, A.J.S.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Summerlee AJS. Extracellular recordings from oxytocin neurones during the expulsive phase of birth in unanaesthetized rats..7 Phvsiiol (Lond) 1981; 321:1-9.","journal-title":"(Lond)"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"207","article-title":"Oxvtocin in animal parturition","volume-title":"clitnical and laboratorc studies","author":"Fuchs, A.-R.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Fuchs A-R. Oxvtocin in animal parturition. In: Amico JA, Robinson AG, eds. OxYtocitn: clitnical and laboratorc studies. Amsterdam: Elsevier North Holland, 1985:207-35."},{"issue":"274-9","key":"ref_9","first-page":"13","article-title":"Studies of oxytocin in plasma of women during hvpocontractile labor","volume":"58","author":"Amico, J.A.; Seitchik, K.J.; Robinson, A.G.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Amico JA, Seitchik KJ, Robinson AG. Studies of oxytocin in plasma of women during hvpocontractile labor. Clitn EndocritnolMetab 1984;58:274-9. 13 'T'hornton S, Davison JM, Baylis PH. A novel strategy for inhibition of oxvtocinase actisity during frequent blood sampling [Abstract]. Clitt Sci 1987;73(suppl 17:13P.","journal-title":"Clitn EndocritnolMetab; A novel strategy for inhibition of oxvtocinase actisity during frequent blood sampling"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"605","article-title":"Third stage of labour with evaluation of Brandt method of expression of placenta","volume":"102","author":"(J, Andrews","year":"1940","unstructured":"Andrews (J. Third stage of labour with evaluation of Brandt method of expression of placenta. Southern Medtcine and Surgere 1940;102:605-8.","journal-title":"Southern Medtcine and Surgere"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"458","article-title":"Evaluation of enzvme inhibitors of pregnancy associated oxvtocinase: application to the measurement of plasma immunoreactive oxytocin during human labour","volume":"114","author":"Burd, J.M.; Davison, J.M.; Weightman, D.R.; Bavlis, P.H.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Burd JM, Davison JM, Weightman DR, Bavlis PH. Evaluation of enzvme inhibitors of pregnancy associated oxvtocinase: application to the measurement of plasma immunoreactive oxytocin during human labour. Actua Endocrtnol !'Copenh 1987;114:458-64.","journal-title":"Actua Endocrtnol !'Copenh"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"115","article-title":"A new and sensitive radioimmunoassay for plasma arginine svasopressin..7 Immunoassav","volume":"3","author":"P', Rooke; P'H, Bavlis","year":"1982","unstructured":"Rooke P', Bavlis P'H. A new and sensitive radioimmunoassay for plasma arginine svasopressin..7 Immunoassav 1982;3: 115-3 1."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1080\/01971528508063031","article-title":"Solid phase radioimmunoassav for the direct measurement of human plasma oxytocin","volume":"6","author":"Burd, J.M.; Weightman, D.R.; Baylis, P.H.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Burd JM, Weightman DR, Baylis PH. Solid phase radioimmunoassav for the direct measurement of human plasma oxytocin. J Immunoassas 1985;6: 227-43.","journal-title":"J Immunoassas"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1038\/234352a0","article-title":"Release of oxvtocin and vasopressin by the human fetus during labour","volume":"234","year":"1971","unstructured":"Chard [, Hudson CN, Edwards CRW, Boyd NRH. Release of oxvtocin and vasopressin by the human fetus during labour. Nature 1971;234:352-3.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"359","article-title":"JKW'. A studv of the intact uterus at term","volume-title":"Surg Gjvnecil Obstet","volume":"73","author":"Ferguson","year":"1941","unstructured":"Ferguson JKW'. A studv of the intact uterus at term. Surg Gjvnecil Obstet 1941;73:359-66."}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.297.6642.167","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.297.6642.167","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T17:29:28Z","timestamp":1765474168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.297.6642.167"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1988,7,16]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6642","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1988,7,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,7,16]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.297.6642.167"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.297.6642.167","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8138","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-8138","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-5833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1988,7,16]]}}}