{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T19:37:22Z","timestamp":1766518642154,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6856","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1992,9,26]],"date-time":"1992-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":717465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,9,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE--To compare neonatal mortality and morbidity in term infants presenting by the breech and delivered vaginally or by caesarean section. DESIGN--Population based comparison of outcomes. Data derived from the St Mary's maternity information system. SETTING--North West Thames Regional Health Authority, 1988-90. SUBJECTS--3447 singleton fetuses presenting by the breech at term. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Intrapartum and neonatal mortality, low Apgar scores, intubation at birth, and admission to special care baby units. RESULTS--After the exclusion of babies with congenital anomalies the incidence of intrapartum and neonatal death associated with vaginal birth was 8\/961 (0.83%) compared with 1\/2486 (0.03%) in babies born by caesarean section (relative risk 20, 95% confidence interval 2.5 to 163). The numbers of low Apgar scores and neonatal intubation were doubled in babies born vaginally or by emergency caesarean section compared with those delivered by elective operation. CONCLUSIONS--The good neonatal outcome associated with elective caesarean delivery of the term breech fetus may influence the decision of women and their obstetricians about mode of delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6856.746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,30]],"date-time":"2009-03-30T08:16:37Z","timestamp":1238400997000},"page":"746-747","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Outcome of breech delivery at term."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"305","author":[{"given":"J. G.","family":"Thorpe-Beeston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. J.","family":"Banfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N. J.","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(80)90780-2","article-title":"The intrapartum management of term frank breech presentation","volume":"137","author":"Collea, J.V.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Collea JV. The intrapartum management of term frank breech presentation. Amj Obstet Gynecol 1980;137:235-42.","journal-title":"Amj Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"34","article-title":"Randomized management of the non frank breech presentation at term: a preliminary report. AmJ Obstet Gynecol 1983; 146","author":"Gimovsky, M.L.; Wallis, R.L.; Schifrin, B.S.; Paul, R.H.","unstructured":"Gimovsky ML, Wallis RL, Schifrin BS, Paul RH. Randomized management of the non frank breech presentation at term: a preliminary report. AmJ Obstet Gynecol 1983;146:34-40."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)91082-N","article-title":"JN. Vaginal breech delivery: a five year prospective evaluation of a protocol using computed tomographic pelvimetry","volume":"163","author":"Christian, S.S.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Christian SS, Brady K, Read JA, Kopelman JN. Vaginal breech delivery: a five year prospective evaluation of a protocol using computed tomographic pelvimetry. AmJ Obstet Gynecol 1990;163:848-55.","journal-title":"AmJ Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"965","article-title":"Management of the selected term breech presentation: assessment of the risks of selective vaginal delivery versus cesarean section","volume":"69","author":"Bingham, P.; Lilford, R.J.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bingham P, Lilford RJ. Management of the selected term breech presentation: assessment of the risks of selective vaginal delivery versus cesarean section for all cases. Obstet Gynecol 1987;69:965-78."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1983.03340160043029","article-title":"Cesarean section: risk and benefits for mother and fetus","volume":"250","author":"Sachs, B.P.; McCarthy, B.J.; Rubin, G.; Burton, A.; Terry, J.; Tyler, C.W.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Sachs BP, McCarthy BJ, Rubin G, Burton A, Terry J, Tyler CW. Cesarean section: risk and benefits for mother and fetus. JAMA 1983;250:2157-9.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1991.tb13512.x","article-title":"Mode of delivery and neonatal death in 17587 infants presenting by the breech","volume":"98","author":"Kiely, J.L.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kiely JL. Mode of delivery and neonatal death in 17587 infants presenting by the breech. BrJ Obstet Gynaecol 1991;98:898-904.","journal-title":"BrJ Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"1264","article-title":"Prophylactic caesarean at term? N Engl j Med","volume":"312","author":"Feldman, G.B.; Freiman, J.A.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Feldman GB, Freiman JA. Prophylactic caesarean at term? N Engl j Med 1985;312: 1264-7."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"746","article-title":"Management of the mature selected breech presentation: an analysis based on the intended method of delivery. BrJ3 Obstet Gynaecol","volume":"94","author":"Bingham, P.; Hird, V.; Lilford, R.J.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bingham P, Hird V, Lilford RJ. Management of the mature selected breech presentation: an analysis based on the intended method of delivery. BrJ3 Obstet Gynaecol 1987;94:746-52."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.303.6806.818","article-title":"Mode of delivery after one caesarean section: audit of current practice within a health region","volume":"303","author":"Paterson, C.M.; NJStG, Saunders","year":"1991","unstructured":"Paterson CM, Saunders NJStG. Mode of delivery after one caesarean section: audit of current practice within a health region. BMJ 1991;303:818-21.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-199011000-00029","article-title":"Vaginal birth after cesarean: a meta-analysis of indicators for success","volume":"76","author":"Rosen, M.G.; Dickinson, J.C.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rosen MG, Dickinson JC. Vaginal birth after cesarean: a meta-analysis of indicators for success. Obstet Gynecol 1990;76:865-9.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1982.tb05049.x","article-title":"Breech presentation: is it a bad omen?","volume":"89","author":"Hytten, F.E.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hytten FE. Breech presentation: is it a bad omen? Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1982;89:879-80.","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"271","article-title":"Prenatal irradiation and childhood malignancy","volume":"31","author":"Bithel, J.F.; Stewart, A.M.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Bithel JF, Stewart AM. Prenatal irradiation and childhood malignancy. BrJ Cancer 1975;31:271.","journal-title":"BrJ Cancer"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"489","article-title":"The radiation hazard in radiography of the female abdomen and pelvis","volume":"40","author":"Redie, D.; Davidson, J.K.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Redie D, Davidson JK. The radiation hazard in radiography of the female abdomen and pelvis. BrJ7 Radiol 1967;40:489."}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.305.6856.746","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.305.6856.746","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T04:59:02Z","timestamp":1766379542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.305.6856.746"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,9,26]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6856","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1992,9,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,9,26]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.305.6856.746"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.305.6856.746","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8138","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0959-8138"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-5833"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,9,26]]}}}