{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T14:22:35Z","timestamp":1790000555081,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6876","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,2,20]],"date-time":"1993-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":730166400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,2,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE--To estimate the proportion of preventable congenital abnormalities in Hungary. DESIGN--Analysis of available Hungarian data-bases and of the effectiveness of primary, secondary, and tertiary preventive methods. SETTING--Databases of ad hoc epidemiological studies and of the Hungarian congenital abnormality registry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Prevalence at birth and prevalence after prevention in 73 congenital abnormality types or groups. RESULTS--Preventive methods are available for 51 (70%) of the 73 congenital abnormality types or groups evaluated. The birth prevalence of all congenital abnormalities could be reduced from 65 to 26 per 1000; thus 39 per 1000 (60%) are preventable. Without congenital dislocation of the hip, which is unusually common in Hungary, the preventable proportion of congenital abnormalities is 52%. CONCLUSION--Many congenital abnormalities can be prevented, but as they do not represent a single pathological category there is no single strategy for their prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6876.499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,30]],"date-time":"2009-03-30T08:16:37Z","timestamp":1238400997000},"page":"499-503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":147,"title":["What proportion of congenital abnormalities can be prevented?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"306","author":[{"given":"A E","family":"Czeizel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z","family":"Int\u00f4dy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Modell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","article-title":"Aetiological studies of isolated common congenital abnormalities in Hungary","author":"Czeizel, A.; TusnAdy, G.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Czeizel A, TusnAdy G. 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Evaluation of information-guidance genetic counselling..Med Genet 1981;18:91-8.","journal-title":"Med Genet"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"175","article-title":"Evaluation of counselling for pregnant women exposed to potentially hazardous environmental factors","volume":"26","author":"Czeizel, A.; M6eneki, J.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Czeizel A, M6eneki J. Evaluation of counselling for pregnant women exposed to potentially hazardous environmental factors. Acta Paediat Hung 1985;26:175-86.","journal-title":"Acta Paediat Hung"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"430","article-title":"Congenital hip disease in Utah: the influence ofgenetic and nongenetic factor","volume":"20","author":"Woolf, C.M.; Koehn, J.H.; Coleman, S.S.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Woolf CM, Koehn JH, Coleman SS. Congenital hip disease in Utah: the influence ofgenetic and nongenetic factor. 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Lancet 1991;338:131-7.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199212243272602","article-title":"Prevention of the first occurrence of neural tube defect. Results of the Hungarian randomised controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation","volume":"327","author":"Czeizel, A.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Czeizel A. Prevention of the first occurrence of neural tube defect. Results of the Hungarian randomised controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation. NEnglYMed 1992;327:1832-5.","journal-title":"NEnglYMed"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.304.6840.1474","article-title":"Value of routine ultrasound scanning at 19 weeks: a four year study of 8849 deliveries","volume":"304","author":"Luck, C.A.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Luck CA. Value of routine ultrasound scanning at 19 weeks: a four year study of 8849 deliveries. 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