{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T15:00:14Z","timestamp":1770822014873,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6892","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,6,12]],"date-time":"1993-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":739843200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,6,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE--To assess the feasibility of genetic counselling in general practice by using cystic fibrosis carrier screening at the booking appointment as an integral part of routine antenatal care and as a paradigm for the wider participation of general practitioners in medical genetics. DESIGN--Maternal testing (male partner tested only if woman screens positive) and couple testing for cystic fibrosis carrier status in the antenatal population attending one general practice and, later, in a further six (outreach) practices also. SETTING--Two partner urban training practice (pilot practice) in south Manchester, and six north west practices (two inner city, three urban, one rural dispensing). SUBJECTS--Total practice population of 50,000 (pilot practice plus six outreach practices) with an estimated 500-800 pregnancies per year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--(a) Proportion of carriers of cystic fibrosis identified, counselled, and appropriately managed within the first trimester of pregnancy; (b) questionnaire and interview measures of patient satisfaction and stress. RESULTS--Eleven carriers of cystic fibrosis were detected including one carrier couple. This carrier couple, after extensive counselling, elected to have prenatal diagnosis by chorionic villus biopsy. The fetus was homozygous normal. CONCLUSIONS--General practitioners can successfully integrate genetic counselling and cystic fibrosis carrier screening into the first antenatal booking appointment. When a carrier couple is identified clinical geneticists can help with the discussion of reproductive options, and prenatal diagnosis by chorionic villus biopsy can be completed within the first trimester. The results suggest that general practitioners will have an increasingly important role in medical genetics, subject to continuing evaluation of patient acceptability and stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6892.1580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,30]],"date-time":"2009-03-30T08:16:37Z","timestamp":1238400997000},"page":"1580-1583","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Cystic fibrosis carrier testing in early pregnancy by general practitioners."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"306","author":[{"given":"H","family":"Harris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Scotcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Hartley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Craufurd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91303-P","article-title":"Cystic fibrosis carrier screening at first diagnosis of pregnancy in general practice","volume":"339","author":"Harris, H.J.; Scotcher, D.; Craufurd, D.; Wallace, A.; Harris, R.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Harris HJ, Scotcher D, Craufurd D, Wallace A, Harris R. Cystic fibrosis carrier screening at first diagnosis of pregnancy in general practice. Lancet 1992;339: 1539.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"251","article-title":"Development, multiplexing and application of ARMS tests for common mutations in the CFTR gene","volume":"51","author":"Ferrie, R.M.; Schwarz, M.J.; Robertson, N.H.; Vaudin, S.; Super, M.; Malone, G.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ferrie RM, Schwarz MJ, Robertson NH, Vaudin S, Super M, Malone G, et al. Development, multiplexing and application of ARMS tests for common mutations in the CFTR gene. Am3'Hum Genet 1992;51:251-62.","journal-title":"Am3'Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"Manual for the state-trait anxiety inc'entory (self evaluation questionnaire)","author":"CD., Spielberger; RL, Gorsuch; RE, Lusheme","year":"1970","unstructured":"Spielberger CD., Gorsuch RL, Lusheme RE. Manual for the state-trait anxiety inc'entory (self evaluation questionnaire). Palo Alto, California: Consulting Psychologists Press, 1970."},{"key":"ref_4","article-title":"Universal community carrier screening for cystic fibrosis","author":"Williamson, R.","unstructured":"Williamson R. Universal community carrier screening for cystic fibrosis. Nature Genetics (in press).","journal-title":"Nature Genetics"},{"key":"ref_5","article-title":"States Congress Office of Technology Assessment. Cystic fibrosis and DNA tests: insplicatiorts for carrier screening","author":"United","year":"1992","unstructured":"United States Congress Office of Technology Assessment. Cystic fibrosis and DNA tests: insplicatiorts for carrier screening. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1992."}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.306.6892.1580","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.306.6892.1580","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T18:15:20Z","timestamp":1766427320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.306.6892.1580"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,6,12]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6892","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,6,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,6,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.306.6892.1580"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.306.6892.1580","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8138","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-8138","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-5833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,6,12]]}}}