{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T19:23:42Z","timestamp":1766690622003,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6898","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,7,24]],"date-time":"1993-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":743472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,7,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVES--To estimate the prevalence of infection with HIV in young offenders in Scotland and to obtain information about related risk factors and previous tests for HIV. DESIGN--Voluntary anonymous study with subjects giving saliva samples for testing for HIV and completing questionnaires about risk factors. SETTING--Polmont Young Offenders' Institution near Falkirk, Scotland. SUBJECTS--421 of 424 available male prisoners in Polmont. The questionnaires of 17 of the prisoners were excluded because of inaccuracies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Prevalence of infection with HIV and related risk behaviour. RESULTS--68 (17%) of prisoners admitted misuse of intravenous drugs, of whom 17 (25%) admitted having injected drugs while in prison. Three subjects admitted having anal intercourse while in prison. Prevalence of misuse of intravenous drugs varied geographically: 28% (33\/120) of prisoners from Glasgow compared with 9% (7\/81) of those from Edinburgh and Fife. A high level of heterosexual activity was reported, with 36% (142\/397) of prisoners claiming to have had six or more female sexual partners in the year before they were imprisoned. Altogether 8% (32\/389) of prisoners had previously taken a personal test for HIV: 50% (9\/18) of those who had started misusing intravenous drugs before 1989, 18% (9\/49) of those who started misuse later, and only 4% (14\/322) of those who had not misused intravenous drugs. No saliva sample tested positive for antibodies to HIV, but 96 prisoners requested a confidential personal test for HIV as a result of heightened awareness generated by the study. CONCLUSIONS--Voluntary, anonymous HIV surveys can achieve excellent compliance in prisons, and the interest generated by the study suggests that prisons may be suitable sites for providing education and drug rehabilitation for a young male population at high risk of future infection with HIV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.307.6898.228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,30]],"date-time":"2009-03-30T08:16:37Z","timestamp":1238400997000},"page":"228-231","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Study of infection with HIV and related risk factors in young offenders' institution."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"307","author":[{"given":"A G","family":"Bird","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S M","family":"Gore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S M","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J G","family":"Duggie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199207000-00017","article-title":"Anonymous HIV surveillance in Saughton prison, Edinburgh","volume":"6","author":"Bird, A.G.; Gore, S.M.; Jolliffe, D.W.; Burns, S.M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bird AG, Gore SM, Jolliffe DW, Burns SM. Anonymous HIV surveillance in Saughton prison, Edinburgh. AIDS 1992;6:725-33.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"article-title":"Second anonymous HIV surveillance and in Saughton prison, Edinburgh: prisoners give a lead to other heterosexuals on being HIV tested","author":"Bird, A.G.; Gore, S.M.; Jolliffe, D.W.; Burns, S.M.","key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Bird AG, Gore SM, Jolliffe DW, Burns SM. Second anonymous HIV surveillance and in Saughton prison, Edinburgh: prisoners give a lead to other heterosexuals on being HIV tested. AIDS (in press)."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)93313-C","article-title":"Uptake of confidential, named HIV testing in Scottish prisons","volume":"340","author":"Gore, S.M.; Basson, J.; Bird, A.G.; Goldberg, D.J.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gore SM, Basson J, Bird AG, Goldberg DJ. Uptake of confidential, named HIV testing in Scottish prisons. Lancet 1992;340:907-8.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92098-Z","article-title":"Prisoners' uptake of confidential named NHV testing","volume":"339","author":"Gore, S.M.; Jolliffe, D.W.; Bird, A.G.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gore SM, Jolliffe DW, Bird AG. Prisoners' uptake of confidential named NHV testing. Lancet 1992;339:1491-2.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/360410a0","article-title":"Sexual lifestyles and HIV risk","volume":"360","author":"Johnson, A.M.; Wadsworth, J.; Wellings, K.; Bradshaw, S.; Field, J.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Johnson AM, Wadsworth J, Wellings K, Bradshaw S, Field J. Sexual lifestyles and HIV risk. Nature 1992;360:410-2.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1038\/360407a0","article-title":"AIDS and sexual behaviour in France","volume":"360","author":"Investigators, A.C.S.F.","year":"1992","unstructured":"ACSF Investigators. AIDS and sexual behaviour in France. Nature 1992;360: 407-9.","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.307.6898.228","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.307.6898.228","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T18:41:53Z","timestamp":1766428913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.307.6898.228"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,7,24]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6898","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,7,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,7,24]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.307.6898.228"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.307.6898.228","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8138","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0959-8138"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-5833"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,7,24]]}}}