{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T12:45:32Z","timestamp":1785761132804,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6929","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,5]],"date-time":"1994-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":762825600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[1993,12,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    : To determine the impact of posters advertising symptoms of diabetes on public knowledge of these symptoms.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Structured street interviews of members of the general public before, at the end of, and 10 weeks after a campaign advertising the main symptoms of diabetes.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Setting<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Basingstoke and Wolverhampton. Subjects - Three samples of 1000 members of the general public were interviewed. Samples were selected randomly but stratified to match the local population's age (20 -75), sex, social class, and racial characteristics.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Main outcome measures<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Knowledge of symptoms of diabetes; perceived seriousness of diabetes; and induction of anxiety about symptoms in the target population.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Advertising significantly raised knowledge (without prompting) of symptoms: thirst, 245 before v 411 at end of campaign (P&lt;0.0001) v 341 after (P=0.0012 v before); polyuria, 72 v 101 (P=0.0211) v 92 (P=0.5169); lethargy, 180 v 373 (P&lt;0.0001) v 298 (P&lt;0.0001); knowledge of weight loss and visual disturbance was unaffected. The number of subjects lacking knowledge of any symptoms was reduced from 550 to 388 (P&lt;0.0001). The perceived seriousness of diabetes was unaffected 20(mean 7.6 in each phase on a scale of 1 (not) to 10 (very). Before advertising, 449 (45%) claimed to have one or more symptoms of diabetes, but this number fell at the end of the campaign (403; P=0.0419) and 10 weeks afterwards (278; P&lt;0.0001).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n                    : An advertising campaign raised public knowledge of diabetes symptoms without inducing fear of diabetes or anxiety about symptoms. Its potential for achieving earlier detection of non-insulin dependent diabetes should be evaluated.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6929.632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,27]],"date-time":"2011-10-27T19:20:39Z","timestamp":1319743239000},"page":"632-636","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effect of advertising on awareness of symptoms of diabetes among the general public: the British Diabetic Association Study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"308","author":[{"given":"B M","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J J W","family":"Prescott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Guy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Walford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P H","family":"Wise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025122309440029000_308.6929.632.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5670.567","article-title":"Retinopathy at diagnosis of diabetes with special reference to patients under 40 years of age","volume":"iii","author":"Soler","year":"1969","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122309440029000_308.6929.632.2","first-page":"1331","article-title":"Micro and macroangiopathies and other chronic degenerative complications in newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus","volume":"304","author":"Mincu","year":"1970","journal-title":"Med Internat"},{"key":"2025122309440029000_308.6929.632.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.15.7.815"},{"key":"2025122309440029000_308.6929.632.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.304.6835.1154"},{"key":"2025122309440029000_308.6929.632.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.1991.tb01540.x","article-title":"Public awareness of symptoms of diabetes mellitus","volume":"8","author":"Jackson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Diabetic Med"},{"key":"2025122309440029000_308.6929.632.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.1985.tb00657.x"},{"key":"2025122309440029000_308.6929.632.7","unstructured":"Institute of Practitioners in Advertising .Advertising effectiveness awards,1990. In: Feldurek P ed.Advertising works.Henley on Thames: NTC Publications,1991."},{"key":"2025122309440029000_308.6929.632.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.1987.tb00875.x","article-title":"The glycohaemoglobin assay as a screening tests for diabetes mellitus: the Islington diabetes survey","volume":"4","author":"Forrest","year":"1987","journal-title":"Diabetic Med"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.308.6929.632","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.308.6929.632","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T17:44:07Z","timestamp":1766511847000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.308.6929.632"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,5]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6929","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.308.6929.632"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.308.6929.632","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8138","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-8138","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-5833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,3,5]]}}}