{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T18:36:14Z","timestamp":1766687774526,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6991","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,27]],"date-time":"1995-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":801532800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,27]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:bold>\n : To develop general practice profiles of needs and demand for primary health care.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Design<\/jats:bold>\n : Postal survey of a stratified random sample of 3478 people registered with five general practices. Data from a single practice were compared with data from the remaining four to identify areas of comparative need.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Setting<\/jats:bold>\n : Five general practices in Lothian.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Main outcome measures<\/jats:bold>\n : Differences between the single practice and the comparison practices in terms of social and economic circumstances, limiting long term illness, specific ongoing conditions, minor illness or symptoms, psychosocial problems, discussion of lifestyle, associated use of services.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Results<\/jats:bold>\n : Respondents from the single practice reported higher rates than those in the four comparison practices of ongoing mental health and respiratory problems and use of antidepressants, tranquillisers, or sleeping tablets. Although rates of limiting long term illness and other specific ongoing conditions were comparable, the rates of minor illness or symptoms and psychosocial difficulties were higher in the single practice. Respondents from the single practice were more likely to consult frequently, to have contacted the practice out of normal working hours, and to have discussed psychosocial difficulties with a general practitioner. For any specific ongoing condition or \u201cminor\u201d illness, respondents from the single practice were no more likely to consult.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n : A comparative survey approach is a useful method of developing an understanding of patterns of need and demand among general practice populations. It has the potential to inform planning within individual general practices and the process of commissioning among general practices within a given area.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n \n \n Key messages<\/jats:title>\n \n \n Key messages<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Patient surveys overcome important limitations of assessments of need based on the views of health professionals or routine data<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Surveys can inform planning and development within specific practice populations<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n A comparative perspective is essential in the context of locality commissioning and resource redistribution<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:sec>\n <\/jats:boxed-text>\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6991.1369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,27]],"date-time":"2011-10-27T19:35:06Z","timestamp":1319744106000},"page":"1369-1373","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Need and demand for primary health care: a comparative survey approach"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"310","author":[{"given":"Jane L","family":"Hopton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Dlugolecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,27]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"NHS Management Executive .Local voices. London: HMSO, 1992.","key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.1"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6961.1059","article-title":"Attempt at deriving a formula for setting general practitioner fundholding budgets.","volume":"309","author":"Sheldon","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"unstructured":"Ham C .Locality purchasing discussion paper 30. Birmingham: Health Services Management Centre, University of Birmingham, 1992.","key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.3"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.4","first-page":"218","article-title":"Primary care, community medicine and prevention: a convergence of needs.","volume":"37","author":"Stone","year":"1987","journal-title":"J R Coll Gen Pract"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3506(05)80082-4"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.307.6903.516","article-title":"Primary care and public health: too far apart.","volume":"307","author":"Hannay","year":"1993","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.288.6431.1670","article-title":"Community general practitioners.","volume":"288","author":"Tudor-Hart","year":"1984","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(91)90142-Y","article-title":"Community oriented primary care origins, evolution, applications.","volume":"32","author":"Tollman","year":"1991","journal-title":"Soc Scie Med"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.9","first-page":"35","article-title":"Community-oriented primary care\u2014strategy, approaches, and practice: a review.","volume":"16","author":"Abramason","year":"1988","journal-title":"Public Health Rev"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6881.835","article-title":"Weighting in the dark: resource allocation in the new NHS.","volume":"306","author":"Sheldon","year":"1993","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6925.391","article-title":"Purchasing for all: an alternative to fundholding.","volume":"308","author":"Gaffy","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6870.112","article-title":"Empowering GPs as purchasers.","volume":"306","author":"Morley","year":"1993","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9566.ep11343652","article-title":"Towards a theory of perceived and medically defined need.","volume":"25","author":"Magi","year":"1981","journal-title":"Sociology of Health and Illness"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.14","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199004193221620"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.15","first-page":"131","article-title":"Self-definition of health status and consulting rates in primary care.","volume":"1","author":"Blaxter","year":"1985","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Social Affairs"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.295.6600.703","article-title":"Measuring morbidity for resource allocation.","volume":"295","author":"Mays","year":"1987","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.17","first-page":"173","article-title":"NHS resource allocation after the 1989 white paper: a critique of the research for the RAWP review.","volume":"11","author":"Mays","year":"1989","journal-title":"Community Medicine"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.302.6773.393","article-title":"Designing a deprivation payment for general practitioners: the UPA(8) wonderland.","volume":"302","author":"Carr-Hill","year":"1991","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(88)90255-9","article-title":"Neighbourhoods for health service administration.","volume":"30","author":"Kevell","year":"1990","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.20","first-page":"310","volume":"22","author":"Howie","year":"1972","journal-title":"Diagnosis\u2014the Achilles heel? J R Coll Gen Pract"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.21","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/6.3.247"},{"unstructured":"Bradshaw J . A taxonomy of social need. In: McLachlan G ed.Problems and progress in medical care. London: Oxford University Press, 1972.","key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.22"},{"unstructured":"Donabedian A .Aspects of medical care administration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1973.","key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.23"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.286.6379.1705","article-title":"Identification of underprivileged areas.","volume":"286","author":"Jarman","year":"1983","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"unstructured":"Department of Health .The 1990 contract for general practice in the National Health Service. London: DoH, 1989.","key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.25"},{"unstructured":"Howie JGR Heaney DJ Maxwell M . Observations on the care of patients with selected health problems in shadow fundholding practices in Scotland between 1990 and 1992. Br J Gen Pract (in press).","key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.26"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.27","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.32.1.3"},{"key":"2025122510333466000_310.6991.1369.28","first-page":"236","article-title":"Social indicators of health needs for general practice: a simpler approach.","volume":"42","author":"Hopton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.310.6991.1369","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.310.6991.1369","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T18:33:43Z","timestamp":1766687623000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.310.6991.1369"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,27]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6991","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,27]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.310.6991.1369"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.310.6991.1369","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8138","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0959-8138"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-5833"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,27]]}}}