{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T21:11:20Z","timestamp":1775077880114,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7155","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,8,8]],"date-time":"1998-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":902534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,8,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    : To assess the risk of perinatal death in planned home births in Australia.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Comparison of data on planned home births during 1985-90, notified to Homebirth Australia, with national data on perinatal deaths and outcomes of home births internationally.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    : 50 perinatal deaths occurred in 7002 planned home births in Australia during 1985-90: 7.1 per 1000 (95% confidence interval 5.2 to 9.1) according to Australian definitions and 6.4 per 1000 (4.6 to 8.3) according to World Health Organisation definitions. The perinatal death rate in infants weighing more than 2500 g was higher than the national average (5.7 versus 3.6 per 1000: relative risk 1.6; 1.1 to 2.4) as were intrapartum deaths not due to malformations or immaturity (2.7 versus 0.9 per 1000: 3.0; 1.9 to 4.8). More than half (52%) of the deaths were associated with intrapartum asphyxia.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Australian home births carried a high death rate compared with both all Australian births and home births elsewhere. The two largest contributors to the excess mortality were underestimation of the risks associated with post-term birth, twin pregnancy and breech presentation, and a lack of response to fetal distress.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7155.384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,31]],"date-time":"2011-10-31T17:00:54Z","timestamp":1320080454000},"page":"384-388","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Perinatal death associated with planned home birth in Australia: population based study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"317","author":[{"given":"Hilda","family":"Bastian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc J N C","family":"Keirse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul A L","family":"Lancaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.1","first-page":"1104","article-title":"Births at home: facts and fictions.","volume":"14","author":"Lumley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Aust Fam Physician"},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7033.754a","article-title":"Trial would not answer key question, but data monitoring should be improved.","volume":"312","author":"Macfarlane","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.3","unstructured":"Ziekenfondsraad Verloskundige indicatielijst 1987: final report of the working party to adjust the Kloostermanlist (WBK). Amstelveen:Ziekenfondsraad,1987."},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.4","unstructured":"MIDIRS and the NHS centre for reviews and dissemination .Where will you have your baby\u2014hospital or home? Informed choice for women. London:MIDIRS,1997."},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.5","unstructured":"MIDIRS and the NHS centre for reviews and dissemination .Place of birth. Informed choice for professionals. London:MIDIRS,1997."},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.6","first-page":"80","article-title":"Homebirth for \u201chigh-risk\u201d mothers.","volume":"58","author":"Odent","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mothering"},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tew M Safer childbirth? A critical history of maternity care, 2nd ed. London:Chapman and Hall,1995:311\u2013373.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-2973-0_8"},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.8","unstructured":"Lecky-Thompson M .Questionable risk at home. In: Haertsch M , ed. Celebrating a revolution in birth: proceedings of the 10th national homebirth conference. Sydney:Homebirth Australia,1989:43\u201358."},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-2182(96)00153-X","article-title":"Physician- and midwife-attended home births: effects of breech, twin, and post-dates outcome data on mortality rates.","volume":"42","author":"Mehl-Madrona","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nurse Midwifery"},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.10","unstructured":"Gardner MJ Altman DG Statistics with confidence. London:British Medical Journal,1989."},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.11","unstructured":"Bastian H Lancaster PAL Home births in Australia 1988-1990. Sydney:AIHW National Perinatal Statistics Unit,1992."},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.12","unstructured":"Bastian H Lancaster PAL Home births in Australia 1985-1987. Sydney:AIHW National Perinatal Statistics Unit,1990."},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.13","unstructured":"Woodcock HC Read AW Moore DJ Stanley FJ Bower C An epidemiological study of planned homebirths in Western Australia 1981-1987 Perth:Health Department of Western Australia."},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.14","first-page":"87","article-title":"Home birth in New Zealand 1973-93: incidence and mortality.","volume":"110","author":"Gulbransen","year":"1997","journal-title":"NZ Med J"},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1989.tb03279.x","article-title":"Midwifery in the Netherlands. The Wormerveer study; selection, mode of delivery, perinatal mortality and infant morbidity.","volume":"96","author":"Van Alten","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7068.1309","article-title":"Outcome of planned home and planned hospital births in low risk pregnancies: prospective study in midwifery practices in the Netherlands.","volume":"313","author":"Wiegers","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.17","unstructured":"Chamberlain G Wraight A Crowley P Home births: the report of the 1994 confidential inquiry by the national birthday trust fund. Carnforth:Parthenon,1996."},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7068.1306","article-title":"Collaborative survey of perinatal loss in planned and unplanned home births.","volume":"313","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122209203035000_317.7155.384.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-2182(95)00051-8","article-title":"Outcomes of 11,788 planned home births attended by certified nurse-midwives: a retrospective descriptive study.","volume":"40","author":"Anderson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nurse Midwifery"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.317.7155.384","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.317.7155.384","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T17:20:40Z","timestamp":1766424040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.317.7155.384"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,8,8]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7155","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,8,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,8,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.317.7155.384"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.317.7155.384","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8138","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-8138","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-5833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,8,8]]}}}