{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T19:24:00Z","timestamp":1766690640411,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7169","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,14]],"date-time":"1998-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":911001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,14]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n To investigate any long term effects of traumatic birth and obstetric procedures in relation to suicide by violent means in offspring as adults.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Design:<\/jats:bold>\n Prospective case-control study.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Setting:<\/jats:bold>\n Stockholm, Sweden.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Subjects:<\/jats:bold>\n 242 adults who committed suicide by violent means from 1978\u00a0to 1995,\u00a0and who were born in one of seven hospitals in Stockholm during 1945-80,\u00a0matched with 403\u00a0biological siblings born during the same period and at the same group of hospitals.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Main outcome measures:<\/jats:bold>\n Adverse and beneficial perinatal factors expressed as relative risks (odds ratios) and 95% confidence intervals, derived from logistic regression of cases matched with their siblings.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Results:<\/jats:bold>\n For multiple birth trauma the estimated relative risks of offspring subsequently committing suicide by violent means were 4.9\u00a0(95%\nconfidence interval 1.8\u00a0to 13) for men and 1.04\u00a0(0.2\u00a0to 4.6) for women. In mothers who received multiple opiate treatment during delivery, the estimated relative risk of offspring subsequently committing suicide was equal for both sexes (0.26,\u00a00.09\u00a0to 0.69).\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n Minimising pain and discomfort to the infant during birth seems to be of importance in reducing the risk of committing suicide by violent means as an adult.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7169.1346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,27]],"date-time":"2011-10-27T19:55:19Z","timestamp":1319745319000},"page":"1346-1349","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Obstetric care and proneness of offspring to suicide as adults: case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"317","author":[{"given":"Bertil","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Bygdeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025122508354069000_317.7169.1346.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)92156-7","article-title":"Relationship of maternal and perinatal conditions to eventual adolescent suicide.","volume":"i","author":"Salk","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025122508354069000_317.7169.1346.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1987.tb05620.x","article-title":"Perinatal origin of adult self-destructive behavior.","volume":"76","author":"Jacobson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2025122508354069000_317.7169.1346.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-3472(62)90057-X","article-title":"Imprinting with visual flicker: Effects of testosterone cyclopentylpropionate.","volume":"10","author":"James","year":"1962","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2025122508354069000_317.7169.1346.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.1993.tb00598.x"},{"key":"2025122508354069000_317.7169.1346.5","unstructured":"Breslow NE Day NE . Statistical methods in cancer research. Lyons: World Health Organisation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Scientific Publication No 32, vol 1, 1980:248-79."},{"key":"2025122508354069000_317.7169.1346.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/62.2.371"},{"key":"2025122508354069000_317.7169.1346.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6760.1067","article-title":"Opiate addiction in adult offspring through possible imprinting after obstetric treatment.","volume":"301","author":"Jacobson","year":"1990","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025122508354069000_317.7169.1346.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1990.tb03057.x","article-title":"Mortality in heroin addiction: impact of methadone treatment.","volume":"82","author":"Gr\u00a3nbladh","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.317.7169.1346","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.317.7169.1346","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T16:35:49Z","timestamp":1766680549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.317.7169.1346"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,14]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7169","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.317.7169.1346"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.317.7169.1346","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8138","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0959-8138"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1468-5833"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,14]]}}}