{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T09:55:52Z","timestamp":1793354152267,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"7352","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,22]],"date-time":"2002-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1024704000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.bmj.com\/company\/legal-information\/terms-conditions\/legal-information\/tdm-licencepolicy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To describe the early psychiatric and neurological features of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Design:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Cohort study.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Setting:<\/jats:bold>\n                    National surveillance system for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the United Kingdom.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Participants:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The first 100 cases of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease identified in the United Kingdom.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Main outcome measures:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The timing and nature of early psychiatric and neurological symptoms in variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The early stages of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are dominated by psychiatric symptoms, but neurological symptoms precede psychiatric symptoms in 15% of cases and are present in combination with psychiatric symptoms in 22% of cases from the onset of disease. Common early psychiatric features include dysphoria, withdrawal, anxiety, insomnia, and loss of interest. No common early neurological features exist, but a significant proportion of patients do exhibit neurological symptoms within 4 months of clinical onset, including poor memory, pain, sensory symptoms, unsteadiness of gait, and dysarthria.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Although the diagnosis of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease may be impossible in the early stages of the illness, particular combinations of psychiatric and neurological features may allow early diagnosis in an appreciable proportion of patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7352.1479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,28]],"date-time":"2002-07-28T19:09:06Z","timestamp":1027883346000},"page":"1479.1-1482","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":145,"title":["First hundred cases of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: retrospective case note review of early psychiatric and neurological features"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"324","author":[{"given":"Michael D","family":"Spencer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard S G","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert G","family":"Will","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025122122215214000_324.7352.1479.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)91412-9"},{"key":"2025122122215214000_324.7352.1479.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)03148-6"},{"key":"2025122122215214000_324.7352.1479.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.68.3.375"},{"key":"2025122122215214000_324.7352.1479.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.178.3.276"},{"key":"2025122122215214000_324.7352.1479.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.23.5.264","article-title":"Psychiatric features of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.","volume":"23","author":"Will","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychiatric Bull"},{"key":"2025122122215214000_324.7352.1479.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200005)47:5<575::AID-ANA4>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"2025122122215214000_324.7352.1479.7","first-page":"413","article-title":"Sensory features of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.","volume":"69","author":"Macleod","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025122122215214000_324.7352.1479.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02559-9"}],"container-title":["BMJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/data.bmj.org\/tdm\/10.1136\/bmj.324.7352.1479","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.324.7352.1479","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T06:21:56Z","timestamp":1766384516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmj.324.7352.1479"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,22]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7352","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,22]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmj.324.7352.1479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.324.7352.1479","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-8138","1468-5833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-8138","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-5833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,22]]}}}