{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T19:38:39Z","timestamp":1793907519032,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health and Prevention, U.A.E"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016714","name":"University of Sharjah","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016714","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Diab Res Care"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The objective of this study was to develop a simple non-invasive risk score, specific to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) citizens, to identify individuals at increased risk of having undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Research design and methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective analysis of the UAE National Diabetes and Lifestyle data was conducted. The data included demographic and anthropometric measurements, and fasting blood glucose. Univariate analyses were used to identify the risk factors for diabetes. The risk score was developed for UAE citizens using a stepwise forward regression model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 872 UAE citizens were studied. The overall prevalence of diabetes in the UAE adult citizens in the Northern Emirates was 25.1%. The significant risk factors identified for diabetes were age (\u226535\u2009years), a family history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, body mass index \u226530.0\u2009and waist-to-hip ratio \u22650.90\u2009for males and \u22650.85\u2009for females. The performance of the model was moderate in terms of sensitivity (75.4%, 95% CI 68.3 to 81.7) and specificity (70%, 95%\u2009CI 65.8 to 73.9). The area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve was 0.82 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.86).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A simple, non-invasive risk score model was developed to help to identify those at high risk of having diabetes among UAE citizens. This score could contribute to the efficient and less expensive earlier detection of diabetes in this high-risk population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2017-000489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]],"date-time":"2018-03-30T02:30:15Z","timestamp":1522377015000},"page":"e000489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Diabetes risk score in the United Arab Emirates: a screening tool for the early detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Nabil","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5037-0208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salah","family":"Elbadawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salah","family":"Abusnana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Rashid Center for Diabetes and Research, Ajman, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Zimmet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6187-2203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025073111482258000_6.1.e000489.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.03.024"},{"key":"2025073111482258000_6.1.e000489.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2009.10.007"},{"key":"2025073111482258000_6.1.e000489.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2174\/1573399812666151016101622","article-title":"Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus: a mini review","volume":"13","author":"Lotfy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rev"},{"key":"2025073111482258000_6.1.e000489.4","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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