{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:36:52Z","timestamp":1787017012592,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578441600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open Diab Res Care"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Different classes of glucose-lowering medications are used for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management. It is unclear how often these medications are prescribed in clinical practice. In this study, we aimed to describe treatment patterns of glucose-lowering medications in patients with T2DM in the Netherlands.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We studied a cohort of 73\u2009819\u2009patients with T2DM, aged \u226545 years with a first prescription for oral glucose-lowering medication between 2011 and 2017. We used the NControl database with dispensing data from 800 pharmacies in the Netherlands. Prevalence of each glucose-lowering medication class during 6 years after the index date was calculated. Using SQL Server, we identified stepwise patterns of medication prescription in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the study period, prevalence of biguanides (BIGU) decreased from 95.6% to 80.8% and use of sulfonylureas (SU) increased from 27.3% to 42.3%. 55.2% of all patients only received BIGUs, 19.1% of all patients started on BIGUs but switched to BIGU +SU. 13.5% of patients with T2DM initiated insulins, on average 532 days (almost 18 months) after the index date.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings showed that in the Netherlands, medication treatment in patients with T2DM is mainly consistent with the clinical guidelines in the Netherlands during the study period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2019-000767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T05:45:11Z","timestamp":1578462311000},"page":"e000767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Mining treatment patterns of glucose-lowering medications for type 2 diabetes in the Netherlands"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2775-7276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan Maurik","family":"van den Heuvel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Disease, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niloufar","family":"Farzan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Disease, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2957-5436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mandy","family":"van Hoek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke-Hilse","family":"Maitland-van der Zee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Disease, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fariba","family":"Ahmadizar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025073112093613000_8.1.e000767.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2011.10.029"},{"key":"2025073112093613000_8.1.e000767.2","unstructured":"Foundation ID . 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