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In this profile, we describe the cohort\u2019s parental demographics, maternal and neonatal outcomes and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Research design and methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Inclusion criteria were an unborn child, or infant aged less than 6 months, with a first-degree relative (FDR) with T1D. The primary outcome was persistent islet autoimmunity, with children followed until a T1D diagnosis or 10 years of age. Demographic data were collected at enrollment. Lifestyle, clinical and anthropometric data were collected at each visit during pregnancy and clinical pregnancy and birth data were verified against medical case notes. Data were compared between mothers with and without T1D. HLA genotyping was performed on the ENDIA child and all available FDRs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The final cohort comprised 1473 infants born to 1214 gestational mothers across 1453 pregnancies, with 80% enrolled during pregnancy. The distribution of familial T1D probands was 62% maternal, 28% paternal and 11% sibling. The frequency of high-risk HLA genotypes was highest in T1D probands, followed by ENDIA infants, and lowest among unaffected family members. Mothers with T1D had higher rates of pregnancy complications and perinatal intervention, and larger babies of shorter gestation. Parent demographics were comparable to the Australian population for age, parity and obesity. A greater percentage of ENDIA parents were Australian born, lived in a major city and had higher socioeconomic advantage and education.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This comprehensive profile provides the context for understanding ENDIA\u2019s scope, methodology, unique strengths and limitations. Now fully recruited, ENDIA will provide unique insights into the roles of early-life factors in the development of islet autoimmunity and T1D in the Australian environment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>ACTRN12613000794707.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2024-004130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T22:20:12Z","timestamp":1721168412000},"page":"e004130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) longitudinal prospective pregnancy to childhood cohort study of Australian children at risk of type 1 diabetes: parental demographics and birth information"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7807-4144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca L","family":"Thomson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1057-7615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Oakey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9954-5016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aveni","family":"Haynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6004-576X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria E","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2500-8944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonard C","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5197-3529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M","family":"Wentworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4654-3281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pat","family":"Ashwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical 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