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In 2009, the Chinese government launched a new round of healthcare reform towards UHC, aiming to provide universal coverage of basic healthcare by the end of 2020. We conducted a secondary data analysis and combined it with a literature review, analysing the overview of UHC in China with regard to financial protection, coverage of health services and the reported coverage of the WHO and the World Bank UHC indicators. The results include the following: out-of-pocket expenditures as a percentage of current health expenditures in China have dropped dramatically from 60.13% in 2000 to 35.91% in 2016; the health insurance coverage of the total population jumped from 22.1% in 2003 to 95.1% in 2013; the average life expectancy increased from 72.0 to 76.4, maternal mortality dropped from 59 to 29 per 100\u2009000 live births, the under-5 mortality rate dropped from 36.8 to 9.3 per 1000 live births, and neonatal mortality dropped from 21.4 to 4.7 per 1000 live births between 2000 and 2017; and so on. Our findings show that while China appears to be well on the path to UHC, there are identifiable gaps in service quality and a requirement for ongoing strengthening of financial protections. Some of the key challenges remain to be faced, such as the fragmented and inequitable health delivery system, and the increasing demand for high-quality and value-based service delivery. Given that China has committed to achieving UHC and \u2018Healthy China 2030\u2019, the evidence from this study can be suggestive of furthering on in the UHC journey and taking the policy steps necessary to secure change.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2019-002087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T05:59:26Z","timestamp":1584683966000},"page":"e002087","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Towards universal health coverage: achievements and challenges of 10 years of healthcare reform in China"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5926-2545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hospital Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hospital Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haixia","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Tradtional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hospital Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linh","family":"Chuong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dahai","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hospital Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of drug policy and evaluation research, China National Health Development Research Center, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weimin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"President's Office, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Kominski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA"},{"name":"UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025072914301497000_5.3.e002087.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . 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