{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T18:51:46Z","timestamp":1793904706674,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672790400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Glob Health"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The 2014\u20132016 West Africa Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Epidemic devastated Guinea\u2019s health system and constituted a public health emergency of international concern. Following the crisis, Guinea invested in the establishment of basic health system reforms and crucial legal instruments for strengthening national health security in line with the WHO\u2019s recommendations for ensuring better preparedness for (and, therefore, a response to) health emergencies. The investments included the scaling up of Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response; Joint External Evaluation of International Health Regulation capacities; National Action Plan for Health Security; Simulation Exercises; One Health platforms; creation of decentralised structures such as regional and prefectural Emergency Operation Centres; Risk assessment and hazard identification; Expanding human resources capacity; Early Warning Alert System and community preparedness. These investments were tested in the subsequent 2021 EVD outbreak and other epidemics. In this case, there was a timely declaration and response to the 2021 EVD epidemic, a lower-case burden and mortality rate, a shorter duration of the epidemic and a significant reduction in the cost of the response. Similarly, there was timely detection, response and containment of other epidemics including Lassa fever and Marburg virus disease. Findings suggest the utility of the preparedness activities for the early detection and efficient containment of outbreaks, which, therefore, underlines the need for all countries at risk of infectious disease epidemics to invest in similar reforms. Doing so promises to be not only cost-effective but also lifesaving.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2022-010984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T11:01:08Z","timestamp":1672830068000},"page":"e010984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Investing in preparedness for rapid detection and control of epidemics: analysis of health system reforms and their effect on 2021 Ebola virus disease epidemic response in Guinea"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Mory","family":"Keita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Preparedness and Response, World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo"},{"name":"Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, 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