{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T16:58:30Z","timestamp":1794589110298,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714089600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/igo\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Glob Health"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Women, children and adolescents (WCA), especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), will bear the worst consequences of climate change during their lifetimes, despite contributing the least to global greenhouse gas emissions. Investing in WCA can address these inequities in climate risk, as well as generating large health, economic, social and environmental gains. However, women\u2019s, children\u2019s and adolescents\u2019 health (WCAH) is currently not mainstreamed in climate policies and financing. There is also a need to consider new and innovative financing arrangements that support WCAH alongside climate goals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We provide an overview of the threats climate change represents for WCA, including the most vulnerable communities, and where health and climate investments should focus. We draw on evidence to explore the opportunities and challenges for health financing, climate finance and co-financing schemes to enhance equity and protect WCAH while supporting climate goals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>WCA face threats from the rising burden of ill-health and healthcare demand, coupled with constraints to healthcare provision, impacting access to essential WCAH services and rising out-of-pocket payments for healthcare. Climate change also impacts on the economic context and livelihoods of WCA, increasing the risk of displacement and migration. These impacts require additional resources to support WCAH service delivery, to ensure continuity of care and protect households from the costs of care and enhance resilience. We identify a range of financing solutions, including leveraging climate finance for WCAH, adaptive social protection for health and adaptations to purchasing to promote climate action and support WCAH care needs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2023-014596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]],"date-time":"2024-04-27T10:25:21Z","timestamp":1714213521000},"page":"e014596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Opportunities and challenges for financing women\u2019s, children\u2019s and adolescents\u2019 health in the context of climate change"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3991-9690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blanca","family":"Anton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4897-5240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soledad","family":"Cuevas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Econom\u00eda, Geograf\u00eda y Demograf\u00eda, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6907-613X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0637-599X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zulfiqar Ahmed","family":"Bhutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan"},{"name":"Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4853-2511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Etienne V","family":"Langlois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, World Health Organization, Geneve, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8277-9342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico Gerardo","family":"Iaia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, World Health Organization, Geneve, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3408-114X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Gasparri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, World Health Organization, Geneve, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Borghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025073013415284000_9.4.e014596.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-071690","article-title":"Adolescent wellbeing and climate crisis: adolescents are responding, what about health professionals?","volume":"379","author":"McGushin","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025073013415284000_9.4.e014596.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abi7339"},{"key":"2025073013415284000_9.4.e014596.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Remme M , Vassall A , Fernando G , et al . 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