{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T02:03:23Z","timestamp":1768442603724,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Health Care Inform"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n Data standards and barcoding technologies are implemented in hospitals to uniquely identify objects, people and locations; streamline the management of supplies and inventories; improve efficiency; reduce waste and improve patient safety and quality of care. This study examined the implementation of the Scan4Safety programme at one NHS demonstrator site to understand the hospital experience of adopting these standards, barcoding and related technologies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Exploratory case study design, informed by information infrastructure theory, at one Scan4Safety demonstrator site. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with internal and external stakeholders (n=19), and 67 documents related to the Scan4Safety programme were identified. Interview transcripts and documents underwent thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Key enablers for Scan4Safety included allocated funding, government role\/regulation, executive buy-in\/wide stakeholder involvement, patient focus, agile\/adaptive approach and data linkage. Challenges were both internal and external, mainly pertaining to data quality, work-as-done and trade-offs. Mechanisms of anticipated positive outcomes and potential risks were also identified.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n Scan4Safety benefits are delivered through tracking and tracing capabilities, and automating data capture, alerts and data linkages. For traceability of devices, the benefits depend on the extent to which items are tracked in inventory and consistent barcode scanning at the point of care.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Linked standards for identification of patients, products, places and procedures, across supplies and hospital processes, constitute a wide-ranging information infrastructure with the potential for significant value to patients and the whole health system.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjhci-2024-101366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T15:25:12Z","timestamp":1768404312000},"page":"e101366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Complexities and capabilities of Scan4Safety in NHS hospitals: a qualitative study of a national demonstrator site"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3956-3743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Lichtner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK"},{"name":"Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6795-7075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Irnazarow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4302-398X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen","family":"Bush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5672-8605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawn","family":"Dowding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6207-3968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Elphick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2892-1245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryony Dean","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK"},{"name":"NIHR North West London Patient Safety Research Collaboration, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5927-5429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yogini H","family":"Jani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Medicines Optimisation Research and Education, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Songhurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011407250586000_33.1.e101366.1","unstructured":"GS1, IHF . Global identifiers for enhancing efficiency and patient safety. a collaborative work between the international hospital federation and gs1. In: 2018-2019: GS1 Healthcare and The International Hospital Federation (IHF). 2019."},{"key":"2026011407250586000_33.1.e101366.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ijcoms\/lyab014","article-title":"Use of barcode technology can make a difference to patient safety in the post-COVID era","volume":"1","author":"Lachman","year":"2021","journal-title":"IJQHC Communications"},{"key":"2026011407250586000_33.1.e101366.3","unstructured":"GS1 UK . GS1 UK - the global language of healthcare. GS1 UK; 2024. Available: https:\/\/healthcare.gs1uk.org\/"},{"key":"2026011407250586000_33.1.e101366.4","unstructured":"GS1 UK . 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Evaluation of government commitments made on the digitisation of the NHS fourth special report of session 2022\u201323. 2023."},{"key":"2026011407250586000_33.1.e101366.18","unstructured":"Jonasson P , Board E , Clemens R , et al . Sustainable post-covid-19 supply chain recovery through global data standards."},{"key":"2026011407250586000_33.1.e101366.19","unstructured":"NHS UK . Scan4Safety. patient. product. place. process. 2024. Available: https:\/\/scan4safety.nhs.uk\/"},{"key":"2026011407250586000_33.1.e101366.20","unstructured":"NHS Scotland scan for safety. 2024. Available: https:\/\/scanforsafety.nhs.scot"},{"key":"2026011407250586000_33.1.e101366.21","unstructured":"GS1 . Four nations reaffirm scan4safety message. 2022. Available: https:\/\/www.gs1uk.org\/insights\/news\/four-nation-industry-letter"},{"key":"2026011407250586000_33.1.e101366.22","unstructured":"NHS Wales . Scan4Safety FAQ\u2019s. Welsh Government; 2022. 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