{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T06:50:57Z","timestamp":1773298257899,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To estimate the population attributable risk (PAR) for\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in young men and women in Sydney, Australia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between demographic, sexual behaviour and other potential risk factors and chlamydia positivity in young (\u226430\u2005years) heterosexual international travellers (backpackers) and Australian residents attending a sexual health clinic. Point and interval estimates of PAR were calculated to quantify the proportion of chlamydia infections that can theoretically be prevented if a combination of risk factors is eliminated from a target population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In males, the PAR associated with inconsistent condom use in the past 3\u2005months was 65% (95% CI 56% to 71%) in backpackers compared to 50% (95% CI 41% to 56%) in non-backpackers and the PAR associated with reporting three or more female sexual partners in the past 3\u2005months was similar between male backpackers and non-backpackers (33% (95% CI 28% to 40%) and 36% (95% CI 32% to 41%), respectively). In females, the PAR associated with inconsistent condom use in the past 3\u2005months was 51% (95% CI 42% to 59%) in backpackers compared to 41% (95% CI 31% to 51%) in non-backpackers, and the PAR associated with reporting three or more male sexual partners in the past 3\u2005months was 14% (95% CI 11% to 18%) in backpackers compared to 30% (95% CI 25% to 37%) in non-backpackers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that the largest number of chlamydia infections could be avoided by increasing condom use, particularly in backpackers. Reporting multiple partners was also associated with a large proportion of infections and the risk associated with this behaviour should be considered in health promotion strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2010-000004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,24]],"date-time":"2011-03-24T20:58:03Z","timestamp":1301000283000},"page":"e000004","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Population attributable risk for chlamydia infection in a cohort of young international travellers (backpackers) and residents in Australia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Handan","family":"Wand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Guy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Basil","family":"Donovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"McNulty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"National Centre in HIV Social Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121221304766000_1.1.e000004.1","unstructured":"Tourism Research Australia. Backpackers in Australia. Belonnen, ACT: Tourism Research Australia, 2008. http:\/\/www.tra.australia.com\/content\/documents\/Snapshots\/2008\/Backpacker_07_FINAL.pdf (accessed 20 Oct 2009)."},{"key":"2025121221304766000_1.1.e000004.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2009.038737"},{"key":"2025121221304766000_1.1.e000004.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1300\/J073v06n02_04","article-title":"Backpacker achievement and environmental controllability as visitor motivators","volume":"6","author":"Ross","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Trav Tourism Market"},{"key":"2025121221304766000_1.1.e000004.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/422721"},{"key":"2025121221304766000_1.1.e000004.5","first-page":"12","article-title":"Casual sexual experience abroad in patients attending an STD clinic and at high risk for HIV infection","volume":"70","author":"Tveit","year":"1994","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"2025121221304766000_1.1.e000004.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199402000-00013"},{"key":"2025121221304766000_1.1.e000004.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2009.036921"},{"key":"2025121221304766000_1.1.e000004.8","unstructured":"National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research. HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis and Sexually Transmissible Infections in Australia Annual Surveillance Report 2007. Sydney: University of New South Wales, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. 2007. http:\/\/www.nchecr.unsw.edu.au\/NCHECRweb.nsf\/resources\/SurvRep07\/$file\/ASR2007.PDF (accessed 6 Mar 2008)."},{"key":"2025121221304766000_1.1.e000004.9","unstructured":"National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. Number of Notifications of Chlamydial Infection, Australia, in the Period of 1991 to 2007 and year-to-date Notifications for 2008. 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