{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:25:36Z","timestamp":1777422336436,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the use of helmets for cyclists choosing to use BIXI bikes in comparison to personal bike riders in the City of Toronto.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study design.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cyclists were observed in Toronto, Canada.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 6732 sample size, 306 cyclists on BIXI bikes and 6426 personal bike riders were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The outcome of interest was helmet use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 50.3% of cyclists wore helmets. The proportion of BIXI bike riders using helmets was significantly lower than the proportion of helmet users on personal bikes (20.9% vs 51.7%, respectively, p&lt;0.0001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the BIXI bike programme has provided an alternate means for Torontonians to use a bicycle, cyclists using BIXI bikes are much less likely to wear a helmet. Since the prevalence of helmet use in cyclists in general is already low, helmet use should be especially promoted in BIXI bike riders in order to promote a safe and healthy environment for cyclists.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,18]],"date-time":"2012-06-18T23:55:09Z","timestamp":1340063709000},"page":"e001049","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Helmet use in BIXI cyclists in Toronto, Canada: an observational study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Marissa","family":"Bonyun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andi","family":"Camden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Macarthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.3141\/2143-20","article-title":"Bikesharing in Europe, the Americas, and Asia","volume":"2143","author":"Shaheen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transp Res Rec"},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BIXI Toronto. BIXI Toronto. https:\/\/toronto.bixi.com\/ (accessed 5 Nov 2012).","DOI":"10.4016\/27539.01"},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198905253202101"},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.01.007"},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2009.025353"},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2011-040029"},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.7","unstructured":"Lucas WJ . A Report on Cycling Fatalities in Toronto 1986-1998\u2014Recommendations for Reducing Cycling Injuries and Death. Province of Ontario: Chief Coroner, 1998."},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thompson DC Rivara FP Thompson R . Helmets for preventing head and facial injuries in bicyclists. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD001855.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001855"},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31651","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031651","article-title":"Investigating helmet promotion for cyclists: results from a randomised study with observation of behaviour, using a semi-automatic video system","volume":"7","author":"Constant","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(00)00048-8"},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03404572","article-title":"Bicycle helmet-wearing variation and associated factors in Ontario teenagers and adults","volume":"93","author":"Irvine","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.12","unstructured":"Midgley P . Bicycle-Sharing Schemes: Enhancing Sustainable Mobility in Urban Areas. United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, 2011. CSD19\/2011\/BP8."},{"key":"2025121601484679000_2.3.e001049.13","unstructured":"VicRoads. Melbourne Bike Share. http:\/\/www.melbournebikeshare.com.au\/ (accessed 5 Nov 2012)."}],"container-title":["BMJ Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001049","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T09:48:56Z","timestamp":1765878536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001049"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001049"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001049","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-6055","2044-6055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-6055","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-6055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}